2007年自考公共课英语一笔记(二)

　　Text A The Altoantic Ocean

　　本课主要单词

　　1. unwilling adj.不情愿的，不愿意的；勉强的

　　Selfish as she is， she is unwilling to share anything with others.　(她很自私，不愿意与他人分享任何东西。)

　　He was unwilling to give up halfway even though there might be more difficulties ahead.

　　(尽管前面可能有许多困难，但他不愿意中途放弃。)

　　They got some unwilling assistance from the local government.　(地方政府勉强给了他们一些协助。)

　　2. equator n.赤道

　　Ecuador is near the equator.(厄瓜多尔靠近赤道。)

　　People used to believe that at the equator the ocean would be boiling hot.

　　(人们过去认为，在赤道处海水是滚烫的。)

　　3. bulge n.不规则突起；鼓起之处；(突然)上涨，增多 　　　　v.使膨胀；塞满

　　Between the bulge of South America and the bulge of Africa lies the narrowest place of the Atlantic Ocean. (大西洋的最狭窄处位于南美洲的突起处和非洲的突起处之间。)

　　The graph shows a bulge in the birth rate in the year of dragon.　(图表显示龙年出生率的暴增。)

　　His schoolbag was bulging with apples when he came back from his uncle's orchard.

　　(他从叔叔的果园回来时书包里鼓鼓囊囊装满了

苹果。)

　　4. unusual adj. 少有的；不寻常的；与众不同的，独特的

　　It was not unusual for him to work very late every night.　(每天工作到深夜对他来说是很平常的事。)

　　He has an unusual name.(他有一个不寻常的名字。)

　　It is unusual to see snow in this region.(这个地区难得下雪。)

　　This young man has an unusual talent for organization.(这个年轻人有非凡的组织才能)。

　　5. salty adj. 咸的，含盐的 salt n. 盐；风趣 　　v. 用盐调味；用盐腌；撒盐于道路上

　　He didn't have much for dinner as the dishes were too salty.　(他晚餐吃的不多，因为菜太咸了。)

　　It might be a good idea to wash these in salty water.　(把这些放在盐水里洗一洗也许是个好主意。)

　　He added a bit more salt to the soup to make it tastier.　(为了使汤的味道更好，他又加了一点盐。)

　　His wit added salt to the discussion.　(他的妙语使讨论增添了风趣。)

　　Have you salted the potato？(你往土豆里加了盐了吗？)

　　It took them a long time to salt the main roads.　(他们花了好长时间才在主要公路上撒上盐。)

　　grind salt in sb.'s wounds 在某人伤口上撒盐，使某人痛上加痛

　　with a grain of salt　半信半疑地

　　Salt Lake City　盐湖城(美国尤他州州府)

　　salt mine　盐矿　　　　salt shaker　(瓶盖上有细孔用于匀撒的)盐瓶

　　salt spreader　撒盐车　　　a saltwater lake　咸水湖

　　saltwater fish　海产　　　　a salted egg　咸蛋

　　请注意：形容词salty是由名词 salt加形容词后缀 -y构成的。这样的形容词在英语中还有很多，如：windy，snowy，rainy，cloudy，sunny，funny，muddy，foggy…

　　6. average n. 平均数，平均　adj. 平均的；平常的，普通的　v. 平均

　　The average of 5，7 and 9 is 7. (5，7，9的平均数是7.)

　　He receives an average of 50 calls a day.(他平均每天接到50个电话。)

　　Mr. Brown could hardly believe that his son's work at school is below the average.

　　(布朗先生几乎无法相信他儿子的学习成绩低于一般水平。)

　　The average temperature yesterday was below zero.(昨天的平均气温在零度以下。)

　　He is an average student in his class.(他是班上的一般学生。)

　　A man of average height came to see you today.(今天有一位中等身材的人来看你。)

　　He averages one pack of cigarettes a day.(他平均每天抽一包香烟。)

　　The annual rainfall here averages 700mm.(这里的年降雨量平均为700毫米。)

　　7. spot n.地点，处所；点，斑点v. 点缀；认出；准确定位adj. 当场作出的；现付的

　　She toured many scenic spots during the holiday.(假日里她游览了许多风景胜地。)

　　She told us the exact spot where the accident happened.　(她把事故发生的准确地点告诉了我们。)

　　She decided on a blue tie with white spot for her husband.　(她给丈夫选了一条蓝底白点的领带。)

　　There is a spot of ink on the white wall.(白墙上有墨水渍。)

　　He didn't want to leave a spot on his reputation.(他不想在名誉上留下污点。)

　　The night sky is spotted with twinkling stars.(闪烁的星星点缀着夜空。)

　　His shoes are spotted with mud.(他的鞋子上有泥渍。)

　　She is so special， you can spot her in the crowd easily.　(她很特别，你在人群中能一眼认出她来。)

　　He was sent to spot the battery position of the enemy.(他被派去测定敌炮阵地。)

　　She was urged to make a spot decision.(她被催促当场做决定。)

　　on the spot　当场，在现场　　　in a spot　在困境中，在窘境中

　　put sb. on the spot　使某人处于难堪地位

　　put one's finger on sb.’s weak spot　指出某人性格上的弱点

　　spot check　抽样检查　　　spot survey 抽样调查

　　spotlight　聚光灯；汽车上的反光灯；公众注意中心

　　spot news　现场报道的新闻　　　spot price 现货价

　　8. range n. 山脉；幅度，范围 v.(在某范围内)变动，变化；把…排列成行

　　One of the longest mountain ranges of the world rises from the floor of the Atlantic.

　　(世界最长的山脉从大西洋洋底耸起。)

　　The age range is from 45 to 65.(年龄幅度在45岁至65岁之间。)

　　He is not very clear about his range of responsibility.(他对自己的责任范围并不清楚。)

　　The question you asked is out of my range.(你问的问题我不懂。)

　　Prices of gasoline range from one dollar to one dollar and twenty a gallon.

　　(汽油的价格从1美元至1美元20美分1加仑不等。)

　　The tiger-sharks range in length from nine feet to fourteen feet.　(虎鲸的体长从9英尺到14英尺不等。)

　　The puddings are neatly ranged on the shelf.(布丁整齐地排列在架子上。)

　　medium-range missile　中程导弹　　　wide range of interests　兴趣广泛

　　at close range　接近地　　　in/within range　在射程内

　　9. peak n. 山峰；顶点

　　The mountain peak is covered with snow all the year.(山峰终年积雪。)

　　His career is at its peak now， no wonder he will make greater achievement.

　　(他的事业正处于鼎盛时期，毫无疑问，他会取得更大的成就。)

　　10. vessel n. 船，舰；容器，器皿

　　an ocean-going vessel　远洋轮　　an escort vessel　护卫舰

　　a fishing vessel　渔船　　　　　　a drinking vessel　饮具

　　11. crew n. 全体船员，全体机务人员

　　The crew was (were) annoyed at the captain's decision.(船员们对船长的决定感到恼火。)

　　The aircraft has a crew of 6.(这架飞机有6名机组人员。)

　　All 312 passengers and 6 crew members died in the plane crash.

　　(312名乘客和6名机组人员在飞机失事中丧生。)

　　12. becalm v.(常用被动语态)(指帆船)因无风而停止前进

　　In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

　　(在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。)

　　He was becalmed for a whole week north of the island.　(他在海岛北面因无风而停泊了整整一周。)

　　13. gulf n. 海湾；隔阂；鸿沟

　　Can you tell me for sure who was the real winner of the Gulf War？

　　(你能确定地告诉我谁是海湾战争的真正赢家吗？)

　　The quarrel left a gulf between the two close friends.　(那场争吵在两位好友间造成了隔阂。)

　　the Persian Gulf　波斯湾　　　the Gulf of Mexico　墨西哥湾

　　Gulf Stream　湾流，墨西哥湾流

　　14. stream n. 小河，溪流 　　v. 流，涌

　　They had a walk along the bank of the stream.(他们沿着河岸散步。)

　　Lots of tree leaves are floating along with the stream.(许多树叶正随着水流漂浮。)

　　Tourists came into the cave in a steady stream.(游客们源源不断地进入山洞。)

　　Tears streamed down her cheeks when she heard the news.(当她听到那个消息时，泪水顺着脸颊流了下来。)

　　He didn't even frown when blood streamed from his wound.　(血从伤口涌出时，他连眉头都没皱一下。)

　　a stream of cold air　一股冷空气　　　a stream of people　一股人流

　　a stream of lies　一串谎言　　　　a stream of good ideas　一系列好主意

　　a stream of light　一道光线　　　　　stream of consciousness　意识流

　　go against the stream　逆潮流而动　go with the stream　随波逐流

　　stream-lined cars 流线型汽车

　　15. current n. (空气，水等的)流，潮流；电流；倾向　adj. 当前的，通行的

　　The child had been swept away by the current.(孩子被水流卷走了。)

　　A steady current of heated air rose from the mountain top.　(一股热气从山顶源源不断升起。)

　　There was a powerful electric current running through the wires.　(一股强大的电流流过电线。)

　　Mass media influence the current of public opinion.(大众传媒影响舆论的倾向。)

　　Give me a current issue of Reader's Digest.(给我一本最近一期的读者文摘。)

　　A long time ago， it was a current belief that the earth was flat.　(很久以前，人们普遍相信地球是扁平。)

　　the main current　主流　　　　　　a warm current 暖流

　　an alternating current　交流电　　　a direct current　直流电

　　current events　时事　　　　　current situation　当前形势

　　16. affect v. 影响；打动；(疾病)侵袭 effect n. 效果；作用，影响；

　　His mood was greatly affected by the sad news. 　(那个悲痛的消息使他的心绪大受影响。)

　　Computers affect our life in many ways.(计算机在许多方面影响我们的生活。)

　　Reading in dim light constantly will surely affect the eyes.(经常在昏暗的光线下看书肯定会对眼睛有影响。)

　　The child was affected with high fever.(孩子发高烧了。)

　　The color gives the effect of being warm.(这颜色给人以暖感。)

　　The wonderful sky effect on the festival night impressed everybody.

　　(绚丽的节日夜空给每一个人都留下了深刻印象。)

　　I just hope this medicine won't have serious side-effect.　(我只希望这种药没有严重的副作用。)

　　sound effect　音响效果　　　three-dimensional effect 立体感

　　lighting effect　灯光效果　cause and effect　因果

　　no effects　无存款(银行在空头支票上的批语)

　　be of no effect无效　　　　　bring sth. to effect　实行，实施

　　in effect实际上　　　　　　　take effect　见效；生效

　　17. climate n. 气候

　　The change in climate might be one of the causes for the extinction of dinosaurs.

　　(气候的变化也许是

恐龙灭绝的一个原因。)

　　In cold climates， some of the livestock have to be kept indoors all winter.

　　(在寒冷的气候区，一些牲畜得在室内一冬。)

　　In the present economic climate we can make greater achievement.

　　(在目前的经济气候下，我们能够取得更大的成就。)

　　weather n. 天气

　　The football match had to be put off because of bad weather.　(由于天气不好，足球比赛被推迟了。)

　　What's the weather like in Hangzhou？ I hope it is not as hot there.(杭州的天气怎么样？希望那儿不那么热。)

　　18. flow n. 流 v. 流动

　　Heavy rains brought mud flows down the mountain. (暴雨把泥流冲下了山。)

　　The doctor stopped the flow of blood. (医生把血止住了。)

　　The river flows east into the sea. (这条河向东流入大海。)

　　19. furnish v. 供应，提供；装备，(用家具)布置

　　The school has decided to furnish the library with some new books.　(学校决定给图书馆提供一些新书。)

　　They furnished all the passengers with life jackets. (他们为所有的乘客提供救生衣。)

　　She wants to furnish her new house with modern furniture.(她想用时新家具布置新家。)

　　20. highway n. 公路； (水陆)交通干线

　　The canal was the only highway for commerce.(这条远河是唯一的商业路线。)

　　You can find many motels along the highways.(在高速公路沿线你会看到许多汽车旅馆。)

　　21. float v.(使)漂浮

　　Colorful flags are floating in the morning breeze.(彩旗在晨风中飘荡。)

　　When winter comes yellow leaves float down.(冬天到来时，黄叶飘落。)

　　It will be much easier for you to float the logs down the river.(你们把木材顺流下漂将会容易得多。)

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