高考英语复习：选择修饰词 切忌想当然

　　南开中学 段胜利

　　(接11月30日)

　　例三：Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed _____, for which his classmates spoke _______ of him.

　　A. high; high B. highly; highly

　　C. highly; high D. high; highly

　　答案D。high做副词，在这里的语境里是表示“at or to a high rank or level of achievement, especially within a company”，也就是“高的地位和成就等”。又如：My parents always encouraged me to aim high。highly做副词，“if you think highly of someone or something, you think they are very good and you admire them”，也就是“高度地”评价，又如：I've always thought very highly of Michael.

　　二、要记准形容词词组和动词词组的搭配结构

　　高中阶段同学们要掌握一定量的词组，主要是搭配结构。记忆好这些词组的语义是快速、准确回答有关形容词和副词题目的关键。

　　例一：This magazine is very with young people, who like its content and style.

　　A. familiar B. popular

　　C. similar D. particular

　　答案B。be popular with sb，是指“受到喜爱和欢迎”等。

　　例二：He began to take political science

　　only when he left school.

　　A. strictly B. truly

　　C. carefully D. seriously

　　答案D。take sth seriously是重视(认真对待)某事。

　　例三：It’s hard for him playing against me. I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so ________.

　　A. far B.well C. little D. badly

　　答案D。need sth badly是非常需要，同样还可以搭配动词want等。

　　在这里还要提醒同学注意两个问题：

　　一是多个词修饰一个名词是排序问题：

　　例如：This __________ girl is Lind’s cousin.

　　A. pretty little Spanish

　　B. Spanish little pretty

　　C. Spanish pretty little

　　D. little pretty Spanish

　　答案A。多个词修饰一个名词时，要求先放第一位限定词，即冠词、代词等；然后是数量形容词，如five；再后放主观性描述词，如handsome，nice等；接着放客观性描述词，其顺序是：大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料、用途等。考试命题一般要排列的词也就三、四个，不必过虑。记住总原则是与被修饰的名词关系较密切的靠近名词就行了。

　　二是倍数关系也涉及排序，要注意比较的句型结构。

　　例如：What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before .It is it is long.

　　A.half not as wide as

　　B.wide not as half as

　　C.not half as wide as

　　D.as wide as not half

　　答案C。是…times as +形容词/副词原级 +as…的句型。

　　三、要学会辨析近义词

　　意义相近的形容词和副词在辨析起来是比较困难的，原因是我们喜欢用中文翻译，结果发现，翻出来是同一个词。其实，我们可以换一个思路，比如，利用他们对应的反义词来分辨这些近义词的不同。

　　例如 I tried hard to get some information about the new technology out of his mouth, but he remained .

　　A. quiet B. secret

　　C. silent D. calm

　　答案C。remained silent是“缄口不言”，其反义为wordy；而quiet对应noisy，secret对应public，calm对应wild，很容易就可以判断出如何选择。

　　修饰语的同义辨析固然重要，但大部分的考题都是不同形容词、副词词义在基本认知意义上的辨析，要更加关注。

　　四、要根据题干，把握语义，选准修饰词，这是训练的重点

　　选择哪个修饰词，关键要看题干给出的语境。对备选项的词要做到全部认知。这样，在选择时才能把握准确的语义。

　　例一：It is not socially________ for parents to leave children unattended at that age.

　　A.accessible B.adorable

　　C.adaptable D.acceptable

　　答案D。acceptable，可接受的。accessible，可以使用(或得到)的、能进入的；adorable，令人热爱、敬仰的；adaptable，可适应的。

　　例二：She devoted herself to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.

　　A. strongly B. extremely

　　C. entirely D. freely

　　答案C。entirely，全部地。strongly，有力的；extremely，极端地；freely，自由地。

　　例三：Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a environment.

　　A. peaceful B. sensitive

　　C. common D. stable

　　答案D。stable，稳定的。peaceful，平和的；sensitive，敏感地；common，共同的、普遍的。

　　例四：My mother always gets a bit ____ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.

　　A.anxious B.ashamed

　　C.weak D.patient

　　答案A。anxious，焦急的。ashamed，羞耻的、内疚的；weak，虚弱的；patient，耐心的。

　　例五：The trips usually start on Friday night and end on Sunday night, making them ______ for students and workers.

　　A.common B.valuable

　　C.practical D.useful

　　答案C。practical，(计划、方法、建议)可行的。common，共同的、普遍的；valuable，有价值大；useful，有用的。

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