二、阅读表达题

　　题型解读：阅读表达题比传统的阅读理解题难度更大一些。其命题特点是：生词量较大，有许多超“标”词汇，问题设计具有多样性。概括起来一般采用以下7种形式：主旨概括、填空、翻译句子、同义句替换、封闭性问题、开放性问题、其他题型等。每年的高考题将会从以上的七种类型中选出五类，问题的顺序也会结合问题的信息点在文章中出现的顺序进行排列。解题时有的问题可以在文中找到答案及其依据，但是对于开放性问题，同学们要结合自己的观点回答。

　　例2 (2009年山东卷)阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。

　　(1)Hello. It’s one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it’s one of the last ones we think to use as adults. That’s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello——it is recognition of another’s worth. How might the world change——how might we change——if we mastered this word? To find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met. Here’s what I’ve learned。

　　(2)It can boost (促进) productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma State University, had middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of greetings raised the kids’ productivity. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades。

　　(3)Environments  influence

　　friendliness. One study found that people in the city were less likely to shake hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And researchers say, pleasure environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience was similar. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural ones. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying work downtown。

　　(4)It’s a form of universal

　　health insurance. It’s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient (接受者)。

　　(5)So maybe we can make

　　the world a better place by

　　____________. After a month of doing it. I feel lighter and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being。

　　76. What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? (within 8 words)

　　_________________________

　　77. Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

　　Teachers and students got friendlier so that the students became more active in learning and scored higher in tests。

　　_________________________

　　78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 5 with proper words. (within 5 words)

　　_________________________

　　79. List three effects of smiling on health according to the text. (within 8 words)

　　①_______________________

　　②_______________________

　　③_______________________

　　80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese。

　　_________________________

　　解析：试题的难度适当，多角度地考查了学生的阅读和表达能力。本文讲的是在我们的社会生活中，成年人之间反而缺少互相的问候关心，以讲述互相问好的好处来告诉我们要互相问侯、关心。话题新颖、时尚，属社会热点问题。

　　答案：76. Adults are not willing to say hello。

　　77. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades。

　　78. saying hello to each other/ greeting each other/ saying hello

　　79. ①lowering blood pressure     ②relieving stress  ③boosting happiness。

　　80. 不管出于什么原因，我在城里打招呼得到的回应比在乡村少得多。

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