Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translations should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET。

　　Washington—The Obama administration on Wednesday announced a long-delayed environmental regulation to curb emissions of ozone, a smog-causing pollutant linked to asthma, heart disease and premature death. (1)The sweeping regulation, which are aimed at smog caused by power plants and factories across the country, particularly in the Midwest, is the latest in a series of Environmental Protection Agency controls on air pollution that wafts from smokestacks and tailpipes. Such regulations, released under the authority of the Clean Air Act, have become a hallmark of President Obama’s administration。

　　Environmentalists and public health advocates have praised the E.P.A. Rules as a powerful environmental legacy. (2)Republicans, manufacturer and the fossil fuel industry have sharply criticized them as an examples of costly government overreach. The National Association of Manufacturers has called the proposal “the most expensive regulation ever。” The proposed regulation would lower the current threshold for ozone pollution to a range of 65 to 70 parts per billion, from 75 parts per billion. (3)That range is less stringent than the standard of 60 per billion sought by environmental groups, but the E.P.A. proposal would also seek public comment on a parts-per-billion plan, keeping open the possibility that the final rule could be stricter。

　　The agency estimates that the new regulation would by 2025 prevent from 320,000 to 960,000 asthma attacks in children, and from 330,000 to 1 million missed school days. It also estimates that by 2025 the rule would prevent 750 to 4,300 premature deaths, 1,400 to 4,300 asthma-related emergency room visits and 65,000 to 180,000 missed workdays. (4)The regulation would come with a high cost to industry, which the E.P.A. Estimates would be $ 3.9 billion in 2015, using a standard of 70 parts per billion. The cost would be $15 billion in 2015 at a standard of 65 parts per billion. (The E.P.A. chose 2025 as an example because that is when the agency expects the regulation to be fully in force。)

　　Next year, the E.P.A. is expected to make final two more historic Clean Air Act rules aimed at cutting planet-warming greenhouse gas emission from coal-fired power plants. (5)Those rules, which are intended to curb pollutants that contribute to climate change, could lead to the shutdown of hundreds of power plants and freeze construction of future coal plants。

　　参考译文：

　　这项全面的监管规定针对的是全美，尤其是中西部地区的发电站和工厂导致的雾霾。美国国家环境保护局已经对从烟囱到排气管排放的空气污染物实施了一系列管控，而上述规定就是其中最新的一例。

　　共和党人、生产商和化石燃料行业则发起了强烈的批评，称该规定是政府成本高昂的过度监管的证明。

　　这个区间没有一些环保组织希望的60ppb的上限严格，但EPA的提案也会征求公众对60ppb的方案的看法，意味着最终的决定有可能会更加严格。

　　这项监管规定将为行业带来极大的成本，EPA估计，以70ppb的排放上限计算，在2025年所耗费的成本为39亿美元，以65ppb的排放标准计算，成本为150亿美元。(EPA选择以2025年为例，是因为预计规定到那时将充分实施。)

　　这些规定旨在控制造成气候变化的污染物，可能会导致数百家发电厂关停，并停止再修建火电厂。