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北京今年首次列入最污染城市名列

　　Beijing was among the worst 10 cities in China for air quality in July, the first time this year the capital has dropped so low.

　　7月，北京列入十大空气质量最差城市名单，这是今年首都空气质量第一次跌到这么低。

　　Only 35.5 percent of days in the month met the national standard, putting the capital at 65th among the country’s 74 major cities。

　　7月，北京只有35.5% 的时间空气质量达到了国家标准，这使得北京在全国74个主要城市中排名第65。

　　According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection’s monthly air quality report on Monday, most of the polluted days registered excessive ozone concentration。

　　根据周一来源于国家环保局每月空气质量报告显示，大多数的污染天气源于臭氧密度过高。

　　Excessive concentrations of ozone can cause respiratory tract irritation, damage to the body’s immune system and affect lung function. Health experts strongly suggest that people stay indoors around noon to avoid the worst of such pollution。

　　过高的臭氧密度会导致呼吸道感染，破坏人体免疫系统和影响肺功能。健康专家强烈建议人们中午之前待在室内以免受到空气污染的大伤害。

　　The maximum concentration in eight hours surpassed the national standard by 58.1 percent, 13.3 percent points higher than the maximum in June, Luo Yi, head of environmental supervision at the ministry, said。

　　环境监理部门主任罗毅称，八个小时的最高臭氧密集度超过国家标准的58.1%，比六月的数据高出13.3%。

　　The ministry report said six cities in Hebei province, which neighbors Beijing, were among the worst 10 in China for severe air pollution in July, of which the city of Xingtai was the most polluted。

　　环保局报告称，与北京相邻的河北省的6个城市在空气污染最严重之列，其中邢台市污染最为严重。

　　Except for the higher ozone concentration, the capital has seen a year-on-year decrease of other major air pollutants. Sulfur dioxide has dropped by 28.6 percent, and PM2.5－particulate matter with a diameter smaller than 2.5 microns－fell by 31.9 percent, the monthly report said。

　　根据月度报告显示，除了较高的臭氧密度，北京空气质量中显示出其他空气污染物质指数却大幅下降。比如，二氧化硫下跌了28.6%，PM2.5—直径小于2.5微米的而可入肺颗粒物－颗粒物下跌百分之31.9%。

　　Unlike excessive particulate matter in the air, which makes the days smoggy, excessive ozone concentration can occur under blue skies。

　　不像空中的其他过量颗粒物让天空看起来雾霾重重，过高的臭氧密度在蔚蓝的天空下依然会出现。

　　Excessive ozone concentration in the air refers to the ozone in the land surface layer, which is mainly generated after complicated photochemical reactions, said Chen Nianliang, a researcher at the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center。

　　北京环境监测中心研究员陈年梁称，过量的臭氧密度是指地面层的臭氧，它主要是经过比较复杂的光化学反应而产生的。

　　Ozone concentration is affected by the excessive emission of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds, which are the major pollutants from vehicle exhaust, coal burning and emissions from chemical industries, Chen added。

　　陈补充说，臭氧密度是在氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物的过量排放下产生的，这是从汽车尾气，煤燃烧和化学工业排放的主要污染物。

　　Additionally, strong sunshine and high temperatures speed up photochemical reactions, meaning ozone concentration is at its highest from May to September, he said。

　　另外，强烈的光照和高温将加剧光化学反应，这就意味着臭氧密度将在5月份到9月份达到最高。

　　It is difficult to take targeted measures to reduce ozone because of its complicated relationship with the other pollutants, he said。

　　由于臭氧和其他污染物质复杂的关系，采取有效的针对性措施来减少臭氧密度将不会那么容易。

　　The ministry said most of the polluted days in major cities in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions such as Shanghai and Guangzhou were because of excessive ozone concentration。

　　环保局称，在长江三角洲和珠江三角洲地区的污染严重的城市比如说上海和广州也是因为过高的臭氧密度。

　　The inland province of Shaanxi also saw severe ozone pollution in July。

　　在内陆省份如陕西省空气污染也较为严重。