2001年英语知识运用

　　一篇短文分6小段，共计254个词，需要填20个空格，形式是四选一，即从四个给出的选项中选择一个正确答案。

　　The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to bu

y up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.

　　In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trial begins.

　　In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 37 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 38 sufficient control.

　　39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.

　　The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.

　　Press freedoms will be in safe hands 46 our British judges, he said.

　　Witness payments became an 47 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 48 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdicts.

　　31.［A］as to［B］for instance［C］in particular［D］such as

　　32.［A］tightening［B］intensifying［C］focusing［D］fastening

　　33.［A］sketch［B］rough［C］preliminary［D］draft

　　34.［A］illogical［B］illegal［C］improbable［D］improper

　　35.［A］publicity［B］penalty［C］popularity［D］peculiarity

　　36.［A］since［B］if［C］before［D］as

　　37.［A］sided［B］shared［C］complied［D］agreed

　　38.［A］present［B］offer［C］manifest［D］indicate

　　39.［A］Release［B］Publication［C］Printing［D］Exposure

　　40.［A］storm［B］rage［C］flare［D］flash

　　41.［A］translation［B］interpretation［C］exhibition［D］demonstration

　　42.［A］better than［B］other than［C］rather than［D］sooner than

　　43.［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］turns

　　44.［A］binding［B］convincing［C］restraining［D］sustaining

　　45.［A］authorized［B］credited［C］entitled［D］qualified

　　46.［A］with［B］to［C］from［D］by

　　47.［A］impact［B］incident［C］inference［D］issue

　　48.［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told

　　49.［A］what［B］when［C］which［D］that

　　50.［A］assure［B］confide［C］ensure［D］guarantee

　　文章前几句的大概内容是说，政府要禁止报界收买重案件(比如Rosemary West案件)证人的做法。为了更有效地对新闻界实行监制，大法官将引入一项法律草案：付款给证人是非法的，在审判开始前，要控制对案件的透明报道。

　　31.答案是［D］根据句子前后关系作出正确选择。such as比如，像……。such as前面的先行词与词组后面所引导的词是整体与部分的关系；前面的整体包括后面的例子，后面的示例是对前面概述内容的举例说明。换句话说，such as前后是包括和被包括的关系，句中的特征体现是：词组前面是复数名词，后面则是单数名词的陈列。例子：I know several foreign languages, such as English and Japanese.我懂好几门外语，比如英语、日语等。［A］as to关于；至于。I don't know anything as to the others.关于其他，我一无所知。［B］for instance例如，比如和such as意思相同，但用法不同。such as连接词与词组，是介词性连词；for instance连接句子，而且与句子的其它成分之间要用逗号隔开，作插入语用。［C］in particular特别地，尤其。

　　32.答案是［A］根据句子含义选择习惯搭配。tightening加强，使(法律法规等)更严格，和control做习惯动宾搭配。例子：The central government is tightening economic controls.中央政府正在加强经济控制。［B］intensifying加强，加剧；使……强烈，不能和control做动宾搭配。可以说intensify one's efforts加紧努力。［C］focusing使(镜头)聚焦；集中(注意力)。［D］fastening扎牢，扣紧；使固定。

　　33.答案是［D］根据句子意思选词。draft草案；草稿；草图。例子：a draft resolution决议草案。［A］sketch素描；草图；梗概。例子：sketch map(地形)示意图。［B］rough粗略的；粗暴的。例子：a rough plan大致的计划。［C］preliminary初步的；预备的。例子：a preliminary investigation初步调查。

　　34.答案是［B］根据上下文意思选词。illegal非法的，违法的。［A］illogical不合逻辑的，不合理的，说不通的。［C］improbable不可能的。［D］improper不恰当的，不得体的。

　　35.答案是［A］根据段落大意选项。publicity宣传；公众的注意。［B］penalty惩罚。［C］popularity普及，流行；名气，人缘。［D］peculiarity独特，特质；奇特。

　　36.答案是［C］根据上下文句子意思选择正确的连词。before在……之前，选项后面的句子意思是：在审判开始前要严格控制媒体的报道，不要太公开。其它选项显然都不合逻辑。

　　37.答案是［D］根据句子意思选择正确的动词搭配。四个选项都可以和后面的介词搭配，但意思各异。agreed with同意，赞同。［A］sided with站在……一边；支持，帮助。［B］shared with与人分享；共同分担。［C］complied with遵照；顺从。

　　38.答案是［B］根据句子意思选择正确的动词。offer提供。［A］present呈献，奉送(礼品，奖品等)。［C］manifest表明(思想，感情等)；显示。［D］indicate指明；指示；是……的征兆。

　　39.答案是［B］根据句子的意思选词。Publication出版，发表；发行；公布。［A］Release (唱片，书籍等)发行，发售；(新闻)发布；(电影)上映。［C］Printing出版，印刷［D］Exposure暴露，揭露。

　　40.答案是［A］根据句子意思选词。storm风暴；(感情等)爆发，a storm of protest一片抗议声。例子：a storm of applause一阵暴风雨般的掌声。a storm of tears泪如雨下。［B］rage愤怒，狂怒。［C］flare闪光，闪耀。［D］flash闪光；(思想，感情等)突然闪现，a flash of lightning一道闪电，a flash of understanding豁然开朗，突然明白，a flash of inspiration灵感闪现。

　　41.答案是［B］根据句子意思选词。interpretation解释，阐述。［A］translation翻译。［C］exhibition陈列，展览。［D］demonstration说明，演示。

　　42.答案是［C］根据上下文意思选择。rather than而不是。［A］better than比……好，用于比较级。习惯搭配know better than很明智(而不至于)……。［B］other than除……之外，不同于。［D］sooner than比……早。

　　43.答案是［B］根据句子意思、语法结构和44题选项做题。makes后面接宾语the European Convention on Human Rights和宾语补足语legally binding。makes这里是使役动词，意思是使(让)……显得(成为)，经常用于动词+名词宾语+形容词(或现在分词)宾语补足语结构。［A］changes改变，变化。［C］sets一般与sb. / sth.连用，使……开始。［D］turns改变。

　　44.答案是［A］根据句子意思和语法结构。binding有法律约束力的。［B］convincing令人信服的，有说服力的。［C］restraining抑制性的。［D］sustaining持续性的。

　　45.答案是［C］根据词语固定搭配和句子意思。be entitled to有理由(有资格)获得……，是固定短语。［A］authorized被公认，被授权的。［B］be credited to归因于，归咎于。［D］qualified有资格的，有能力的。

　　46.答案是［A］根据句子意思和词语搭配。in safe hands with sb.由……管理(或持有)很妥当(很安全)［B］to、［C］from和［D］by三个选项和前边搭配意思不通。

　　47.答案是［D］根据句子意思。issue (有争议的)问题［A］impact冲击；影响。［B］incident事件；事变。［C］inference推断，推测。

　　48.答案是［C］根据上下文意思。be said to have done据说曾经……。［A］stated陈述，说明，多用于正式场合。［B］remarked评论，说出感想和意见。［D］told告诉。

　　49.答案是［D］根据句型结构，应该选择that作同位语从句的引导词。［A］what、［B］when和［C］which三项都不能引导同位语从句。

　　50.答案是［C］根据句子意思。ensure确保，保证，常用结构是ensure sth., ensure that从句，或ensure doing...［A］assure保证，使放心，使确信，后面接表示人的名词作宾语，常用结构是assure sb. of sth.［B］confide交代，吐露(秘密)等。［D］guarantee担保，保证；承诺对……负责。

　　在复习过程中，一般的题最好是做一遍，再回过头来重温一遍。这样做是为了使做题思路更加明朗，提高以后做题的速度和效率。具体的做法是：把有助于作出正确选项的线索和提示词划出来，同时在选项旁边加注解。解题思路回顾：

　　The government is to ban (34题选项可以参考的地方) payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial (整体与部分的包括关系)of Rosemary West .

　　In a significant 32 of legal controls (线索一：选项中的动名词应该与controls逻辑动宾搭配，即32 + controls构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，意思应该通顺；线索二：后面35题的句子strictly control可以做选词的意思提示，即32题的选词应该和strictly意思大致相似) over the press (35题可以参考的地方), Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 33 bill (选项是能够修饰bill的形容词)that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 (参考文章第一段第一句谓语部分的意思，这里的选项应该和to ban的意思相符) and will strictly control the amount of 35(第二段第一个短语中的over the press可以做选词提示，即35题选项应该与the press意思相关) that can be given to a case 36(上下文意思)a trial begins.

　　In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 37 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 38 sufficient control(以上两个选项都是构成动宾关系的词语搭配).

　　39of the letter (选项和the letter应该构成逻辑动宾关系)came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls(词语搭配)contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42(选项前后是两个并列短语，需要的连词意思应该是表示选择一个而舍弃另一个的是……而不是……) to Parliament.

　　The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 43(带复合宾语的使役动词) the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44(能够被legally所修饰的宾语补足语) in Britain, laid down that everybody was 45 to (固定短语)privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.

　　Press freedoms will be in safe hands 46(词语用法) our British judges, he said.

　　Witness payments became an 47(上下文意思)after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 48 to (习惯用语)have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 49(选项前后都是完整句，后面一句是同位语)witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50(上下文意思)guilty verdicts.

　　31.［D］such as 32.［A］tightening 33.［D］draft 34.［B］illegal

　　35.［A］publicity 36.［C］before 37.［D］agreed 38.［B］offer

　　39.［B］Publication 40.［A］storm 41.［B］interpretation 42.［C］rather than

　　43.［B］makes 44.［A］binding 45.［C］entitled 46.［A］with

　　47.［D］issue 48.［C］said 49.［D］that 50.［C］ensure

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