1998年考研英语试卷英语知识运用真题解析_新浪教育

1998年考研英语试卷英语知识运用真题解析

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/04/07 17:50 聚焦考研

　　1998年试题

　　Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript1.1" SRC="http://sina.allyes.com/main/adfshow?user=AFP6_for_SINA|Edu|WebPIP&db=sina&local=yes&js=on"></SCRIPT> <NOSCRIPT><A HREF="http://sina.allyes.com/main/adfclick?user=AFP6_for_SINA|Edu|WebPIP&db=sina"><IMG SRC="http://sina.allyes.com/main/adfshow?user=AFP6_for_SINA|Edu|WebPIP&db=sina" WIDTH=1 HEIGHT=1 BORDER=0></a></NOSCRIPT>

the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years, from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.

　　This view, 47, is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.

　　41.［A］admitted［B］believed［C］claimed［D］predicted

　　42.［A］plain［B］average［C］mean［D］normal

　　43.［A］momentary［B］prompt［C］instant［D］immediate

　　44.［A］bulk［B］host［C］gross［D］magnitude

　　45.［A］On［B］With［C］For［D］By

　　46.［A］broadly［B］thoroughly［C］generally［D］completely

　　47.［A］however［B］meanwhile［C］therefore［D］moreover

　　48.［A］at［B］in［C］about［D］for

　　49.［A］manifested［B］approved［C］shown［D］speculated

　　50.［A］noted［B］impressed［C］labeled［D］marked

　　文章大体意思是说，直到最近，多数历史学家对工业革命仍然持批评态度。他们承认，从长远来看，工业化大大提高了普通人的生活水平。但是，从1750年到1850年，工业化的直接后果是广大英国人民的普遍贫苦和苦难。

　　这种观点是错误的。历史学家和经济学家已经证明了工业化改善了绝大多数人的生活条件。解析：

　　41.答案是［A］。根据上下文句意和词义。句子中they指代historians who spoke critically of the Industrial Revolution对工业革命持批评意见的历史学家。admitted承认(既成事实)，意思贴切。［B］believed相信，认为。［C］claimed声称，宣称，通常指未经证实的事实。例子：She claimed that she is related to the Queen.她自称与王后有亲戚关系。［D］predicted预言，预测，预示，表示将来之事。

　　42.答案是［B］。根据词义。average普通的，平常的。例子：average man普通人，a child of average intelligence智力一般的孩子。［A］plain明白的，清楚易懂的；坦白直率的。例子：plain living简朴的生活，in plain words用浅显易懂的话，a plain answer直率的回答。［C］mean吝啬的，小气的，自私的。例子：a very mean boss很小气的老板，be very mean with money对钱很吝啬。［D］normal正常的，正规的，标准的。例子：a normal child智力正常的孩子，the normal temperature of the human body的正常体温。

　　43.答案是［D］。根据词语搭配。immediate直接的。例子：the immediate cause of death直接的死因, immediate results直接后果。［A］momentary瞬间的，短暂的。例子：momentary pause /interruption短暂的停顿(中断)。［B］prompt迅速的，敏捷的。［C］instant立即的，即刻的，经常指在使用上不必花费多少时间和精力。例子：instant noodle速食面，方便面，instant coffee速溶咖啡。

　　44.答案是［A］。根据词义和词语搭配。bulk常用短语the bulk of意思是：the greater part or number of大部分，多半。例子：The bulk of the work has already been done.大部分工作已经完成。The millionaire left the bulk of his property to his servant.那个百万富翁把大部分财产遗留给了他的仆人。常用短语in bulk大量地。例子：buy sth. in bulk大量购买。［B］host常用短语：a host of许多，和a great number of意思相同。例子：a host of friends很多朋友，a host of difficulties许多困难。［C］gross总额；毛的，总的，可以做名词，但多做形容词。例子：the gross for the year年总收入,gross weight毛重,gross profit毛利。［D］magnitude大小，数量，一般指巨大，广大，重要程度。例子：You dont appreciate the magnitude of his achievement.你不了解他成就的重要性。

　　45.答案是［D］。根据词语搭配，contrary是提示词。By常用搭配：by contrast对比起来，相比之下。例子：By contrast, Mary is much diligent than Tom.相比之下，玛丽比汤姆勤奋得多。常用短语in contrast with/to和……形成对比，比较起来，后面接名词。例子：In contrast with their systems, ours seems very old-fashioned.与他们的制度相比，我们的显得太陈旧了。［A］On可以构成短语on the contrary恰恰相反，相反地。［B］With和［C］For不能和提示词搭配。

　　46.答案是［D］。根据句意与词义搭配。completely完全地，强调广义上的全面性，意思和totally与wholly相同。例子：completely innocent十分天真，completely successful非常成功。［A］broadly概括性的，大概地，与generally意思相近。例子：Broadly speaking, I agree with you.总的来说，我同意你的看法。［B］thoroughly彻底地，强调具体方面、细节方面的彻底性。例子：The project had not been done very thoroughly.那项工程完成得不彻底。［C］generally广泛地，普遍地，概括地，和broadly相同。例子：Generally speaking, it's quite fair.总的来说，的确相当公正。

　　47.答案是［A］。根据语篇内容和句子关系。文章结构表明，文章第二段和第一段内容正好相反。选项所在的句子又是段落主题句，所以应该选择表示语义转折的关联词。however然而，符合上下文的转折语义。［B］meanwhile同时，表示时间递进关系。［C］therefore因此，表示因果关系。［D］moreover此外，表示上下文语义递进关系。48.答案是［B］。根据词语搭配。in表示某方面、领域里的专家。句子中specialists in history and economics指历史学和经济学家。常用搭配specialize in在……有专长。例子：He specializes in language teaching.他是语言教学专家。［A］at、［C］about和［D］for三项都不符合搭配习惯。

　　49.答案是［C］。根据词义特征。选项shown说明，表明，证明，等于prove的意思。例子：show the falseness of the theory证明理论的错误性，Her record showed her reliable.她的以往记录表明她是可以信赖的，The evidence showed that he was guilty.证据说明他有罪。［A］manifested清楚表示，明白显示，是正式用语。例子：He manifested in his behavior a strong dislike of his younger brother.他的行为流露出对弟弟的极大厌恶。［B］approved赞成，批准；同意，满意。例子：The minister approved this plan.部长批准了这个计划，His parents don't approve of his going traveling alone.他父母不同意他独自旅行。［D］speculated揣测，推测，设想，不及物动词，常用搭配：speculate on/about例子：speculate on the future设想未来, I wouldn't speculate on the reasons for her resignation.我不想猜测她辞职的原因。

　　50.答案是［D］。根据词义搭配。marked标记，有……特征。例子：The great man's death marked the end of an age.那位伟人的去世标志着一个时代的结束，A style marked by precision and wit以精确和机智为特征的风格。［A］noted记录，写下。动词note意思等于write down，名词常用短语：take notes做笔记。常用搭配：noted for/as著名的，显著的，是形容词短语。例子：a city noted for its fine building以美丽的建筑物而著名的城市，a place noted as a health resort作为疗养地闻名的地方。［B］impressed使铭记，给留下深刻印象，常用介词搭配on/upon。例子：His words impressed themselves on my memory.他的话深深地留在我的记忆里，另一种用法：I was deeply impressed by at with his words.我对他的话留下了深刻的印象。［C］labeled为……贴标签；被视为，被称作。例子：The phase is labeled as slang in the dictionary.这个短语在字典里被列为俚语。

　　解题思路重点回顾：

　　Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41(根据上下文句意逻辑，这里应该是和下文But they insisted形成让步关系，表达对比的意思：虽然他们承认……但是坚持认为) that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man(词义和习惯搭配). But they insisted that its 43 results(句意：根据工业革命的发生时间和选项后面提示的时间对比；词语搭配) during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44(词语搭配) of the English population. 45(固定用法) contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years, from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46(句意选词) agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.

　　This view, 47(用在句子中间、表示转折、可以独立使用的连词), is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48(词语搭配：表示在……方面的介词) history and economics, have 49(上下文决定词义选择) two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50(句意与词语搭配) by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.

　　41.［A］admitted 42.［B］average 43.［D］immediate 44.［A］bulk

　　45.［D］By 46.［D］completely 47.［A］however 48.［B］in

　　49.［C］shown 50.［D］marked

特别说明：由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化，新浪网所提供的所有考试信息仅供参考，敬请考生以权威部门公布的正式信息为准。

【评论】【推荐】【大中小】【打印】【关闭】

　　订新闻冲浪关注重大事件新浪万千新闻任你点
　　任你邮印象30，30M大空间+彩信相册，免费试用！
　　在职硕士，四六级英语在线学习送内部教材
　　天堂对巴蜀的召唤六座空城看谁领先

新闻查询
关键词一关键词二