1996年考研英语阅读理解真题解析_新浪教育

1996年考研英语阅读理解真题解析

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/06/17 18:32 新东方教育在线

　　Passage 2

　　With the start of BBC World Service Television, millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation's news coverage, as well as listen to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tuune in to two BBC television channels, five BBC national radio services and dozens of

<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript1.1" SRC="http://sina.allyes.com/main/adfshow?user=AFP6_for_SINA|Edu|WebPIP&db=sina&local=yes&js=on"></SCRIPT> <NOSCRIPT><A HREF="http://sina.allyes.com/main/adfclick?user=AFP6_for_SINA|Edu|WebPIP&db=sina"><IMG SRC="http://sina.allyes.com/main/adfshow?user=AFP6_for_SINA|Edu|WebPIP&db=sina" WIDTH=1 HEIGHT=1 BORDER=0></a></NOSCRIPT>

local radio station. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children's programmes and films for an annual licence fee of￡83 per household.

　　It is a remarkable record, stretching back over 70 years-yet the BBC's future is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.

　　The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers--to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping. The reason for its inquiry is that the BBCs royal charter runs out in 1996 and it must decide whether to keep the organization as it is, or to make changes.

　　Defenders of the Corporation-of whom there are many-are fond of quoting the American slogan "If it ain't broke, don't fix it." The BBC "ain't broke",they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word 'broke', meaningshavingsno money), so why bother to change it?

　　Yet the BBC will have to change, because the broadcasting world around it is changing. The commercial TV channels-ITV and Channel 4-were required by the Thatcher Government's Broadcasting Act to become more commercial, competing with each other for advertisers, and cutting costs and jobs. But it is the arrival of new satellite channels-funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers' subscriptions-which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.

　　5. The world famous BBC now faces .

　　(A) the problem of new coverage (B) an uncertain prospect

　　6.In the passage, which of the following about the BBC is not mentioned as the key issue?

　　(A) Extension of its TV service to Far East.

　　(B) Programmes as the subject of a nation-wide debate.

　　(D) Its existence as a broadcasting organization.

　　7. The BBC's "royal charter" (Line 4, Paragraph 3) stands for .

　　(A) the financial support from the royal family

　　(B) the privileges granted by the Queen

　　(D) a unique relationship with the royal family

　　8. The foremost reason why the BBC has to readjust itself is no other than .

　　(A) the emergence of commercial TV channels

　　(B) the enforcement of Broadcasting Act by the government

　　(D) the challenge of new satellite channels

　　第一部分文章背景

　　[内容分类]社会科学--传播学，大众传媒

　　本文介绍了英国广播公司的现状以及目前面临的问题。

　　第二部分语言点详解

　　1. coverage新闻报道

　　[扩充词汇] coverage n.覆盖，总括；新闻报道

　　[经典例句] He wrote a very excellent coverage on European situation.

　　2. tune in to收听

　　[大纲词汇] tune n.调子，曲调；和谐，协调v.调音，调节，调整

　　tune in (to sth.)调谐，收听

　　[经典例句] She usually tunes in to the news on CNN.

　　3. dozens of很多

　　[大纲词汇] dozen n.十二个

　　[经典例句] I have dozens of things to do.

　　4. comedy喜剧

　　[大纲词汇] comedy n.喜剧，喜剧性事件

　　[相关词汇] tragedy n.悲剧，悲剧性事件

　　5. affair形势

　　[大纲词汇] affair n.事，事情，事件

　　[扩充含义] affairs n.事务

　　[经典例句] China will never seek hegemony in the international affairs.

　　6. parliamentary议会的

　　[大纲词汇] parliament n.国会，议会

　　[衍生词汇] parliamentary a.国会的，议会的

　　[经典例句] The new parliamentary building is designed by a famous architect.

　　7. annual每年的

　　[大纲词汇] annual a.每年的，年度的n.年刊，年鉴

　　[经典例句] The financial department submitted the annual report to the board.

　　8. household家庭

　　[大纲词汇] household n.户，家庭，全家人

　　[经典例句] How many people are there in your household?

　　9. remarkable值得注意的

　　[大纲词汇] remarkable a.值得注意的；显著的，异常的，非凡的

　　[经典例句] He has made remarkable progress in his study.

　　10. stretch back回溯到

　　[大纲词汇] stretch v.拉长，申，延n.一段时间，一段路程；拉长，延伸

　　[经典例句] Their conflict stretched back over 20 years.

　　11. in doubt悬而未决

　　[大纲词汇] doubt n./v.怀疑，疑惑

　　no doubt无疑，必定

　　[扩充词汇] in doubt有疑问，悬而未决

　　[经典例句] Whether they will adopt the design is still in doubt.

　　12. broadcasting广播

　　[大纲词汇] broadcast n./v.广播(节目)

　　[衍生词汇] broadcasting n.广播，播音

　　[经典例句] She works for a famous broadcasting company.

　　13. for the time being目前

　　[扩充词组] for the time being目前

　　[经典例句] My nephew is living with me for the time being.

　　14. subject of···的对象

　　[大纲词汇] subject n.主题，题目；学科，科目；主语a.(to)易遭···的，受···支配的v.(to)使遭受，使服从

　　[经典例句] The minister of defense became the subject of criticism.

　　15. nation-wide全国的

　　[构词方法] -wide与名词一起构成形容词，表示"全···范围的"

　　[联想记忆] world-wide全世界的

　　16. debate辩论

　　[大纲词汇] debate v./n.争论，辩论

　　[经典例句] A debate on farm price support took place in the Senate yesterday.

　　17. launch开展

　　[大纲词汇] launch v.发射；使(船)下水，发动，开展n.发射，下水

　　[经典例句] The environmentalists launched a campaign against pollution.

　　18. royal charter皇家特许证

　　[大纲词汇] charter v.租车，租船n.宪章

　　[扩充含义] charter n.特许

　　19. run out到期,用完

　　[大纲词汇] run out of用完，用尽，耗尽

　　[经典例句] We are running out of paper./The paper is running out.

　　20. keep…as it is按原样保留··· [经典例句] The experts suggested we keep the ancient house as it is.

　　21. be fond of喜爱

　　[大纲词汇] fond a.(of)喜爱的，爱好的

　　[经典例句] My niece is very fond of sweets.

　　22. quote引用

　　[大纲词汇] quote v.引用，援引

　　[衍生词汇] quotation n.引文，引用

　　[经典例句] The judge quoted various cases in support of his opinion.

　　23. broke破产的

　　[大纲词汇] broken a.破碎(了)的

　　[扩充词汇] broke a.不名一文的，破产的

　　**注意不要混淆两词的含义和用法

　　24. distinct from与···截然不同的

　　[大纲词汇] distinct a.清楚的，明显的；(from)截然不同的

　　distinction n.差别，区分

　　[经典例句] His hobbies are distinct from his work.

　　25. subscription付款收看

　　[大纲词汇] subscribe v.订阅，订购

　　[衍生词汇] subscription n.订阅，订购

　　[经典例句] I entered a subscription to Time for one year.

　　26. in the long term从长远来看

　　[扩充词组] in the long term从长远来看

　　[经典例句] The policy will benefit the growth of economy in the long term.

　　27. prospect前景

　　[大纲词汇] prospect n.景色；前景，前途，展望

　　[经典例句] We wished him a bright prospect in the future.

　　28. shrinkage减少

　　[大纲词汇] shrink v.起皱，收缩；退缩；畏缩

　　[衍生词汇] shrinkage n.收缩，缩水；减少，低落

　　[构词方法] -age后缀，表示"动作"、"过程"

　　[联想记忆] marriage婚姻

　　breakage破损

　　29. stand for表示

　　[大纲词汇] stand for代替，代表，意味着

　　[经典例句] BBC stands for British Broadcasting Company.

　　30. privilege特权

　　[大纲词汇] privilege n.特权，优惠，特许v.给予优惠，给予特权

　　[经典例句] Education is a privilege in countriesswheresthere are still not many schools.

　　31. granted by给予

　　[大纲词汇] grant v.同意,准予；给予，授予n.授予物

　　[经典例句] He was finally granted an entry visa by the British Embassy.

　　32. foremost首要的

　　[扩充词汇] foremost a.最前的，最先的；首要的，杰出的

　　[经典例句] He is considered the foremost artist in his country.

　　33. readjust重新调整

　　[大纲词汇] adjust v.调整，调节；校正

　　[衍生词汇] readjust v.重新调节，使重新适应

　　readjustment n.重新调节，重新适应

　　[构词方法] re-前缀，表示"又"，"再"，"重新"

　　[联想记忆] reappear再现

　　remarry再婚

　　[经典例句] The government readjusted its policies on import and export.

　　34. no other than正是

　　[大纲词汇] other than不同于

　　[扩充词汇] no other than正是

　　[经典例句] Taking his money away is no other than killing him.

　　35. emergence出现

　　[大纲词汇] emerge v.浮现，出现

　　[衍生词汇] emergence n.出现，浮现，露头

　　[词汇比较] emergency n.紧急情况，突发事件，非常时刻

　　**两词虽只有一个字母之差，但意思截然不同，注意区分

　　[经典例句] The past ten years witnessed the emergence of many new enterprises.

　　36. enforcement实施

　　[大纲词汇] enforce v.实行，执行；强制

　　[衍生词汇] enforcement n.实施，强制执行

　　enforceable a.可执行的

　　[经典例句] Many people are against the enforcement of the new Tax Law.

　　第三部分难句解析

　　1. They are brought sport, comedy, drama, music, news and current affairs, education, religion, parliamentary coverage, children's programmes and films for an annual licence fee of￡83 per household.

　　[结构剖析]句子的主干结构是：They are brought…for an annual license fee…其中谓语部分使用了被动语态。实际结构是bring后接双宾语：bring sb. sth.在这句话中，直接宾语很长，是一系列名词的罗列：前面的名词用逗号连接，最后两个并列成分用and连接。

　　[阅读重点]重点要注意they指代前面提到的listeners and viewers，这里使用了bring sb. sth.这一结构的被动式：sb. was brought sth.介词for这里相当于at the price of.另外news and current affairs中的and是连接news和current affairs的，而这个词组作为一个整体与其他的名词music, education等等并列。

　　[参考译文]每户每年支付八十三英镑的收视费用就可以收看体育运动，喜剧，戏剧，音乐，新闻与时事，教育，宗教，关于议会的报道，儿童节目和电影。

　　2. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programs are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain.

　　[结构剖析]句子的结构是but连接了两个转折关系的句子。其中at least for the time being前后用逗号与句子其他部分分开，是插入语。前一句子的主干结构是：The corporation will survive as…后一句子的主干结构是：its role, its size and its programs are the subject…

　　[阅读重点] The Corporation指代前面提到的BBC=British Broadcast Corporation.另外注意as的用法，这里它用作介词，是"作为…"的意思。publicly-funded;由公众提供资金的。nation-wide;全国范围内的

　　[参考译文]英国广播公司将作为一个公共基金支持的广播组织存在下来，至少目前会这样，但是它的角色，它的规模和它的节目现在在英国成了全国上下的讨论话题。

　　3.The debate was launched by the Government, which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers-to say what was good or bad about the Corporation, and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.

　　[结构剖析]这个句子的主干结构是：The debate was launched by the government.使用了被动语态。后面which引导定语从句"which invite anyone with an opinion of the BBC…"修饰government，定语从句中不定式to say后面是两个并列的宾语从句，一个由what引导，一个由whether引导，两部分用and连接，副词even表示进一步强调。另外两个破折号之间的部分属于插入成分，是用来进一步定义anyone的。Anyone后面的with介词词组也是用来修饰anyone的。

　　[阅读重点]重点是要弄清楚后面定语从句，两个宾语从句，还有插入成分之间的层次关系。另外要注意be worth doing的用法，这一结构本身就可以表达被动含义，因而the Corporation was worth keeping,就是英国广播公司值得被保留的意思。

　　[参考译文]这场辩论是由政府发动的，政府请任何一个对英国广播公司有意见的人--包括普通的听众和观众--来说说这个公司好在哪里或坏在哪里，甚至要说说他们是否认为这个公司值得被保留下来。

　　4. The BBC "ain't broke", they say, by which they mean it is not broken (as distinct from the word 'broke', meaningshavingsno money), so why bother to change it?

　　[结构剖析]这句话是so连接的两个因果关系的句子。they say是插入语。which引导定语从句修饰前面引号中的部分"ain't broke"

　　[阅读重点]注意which指代的是前面引号中的部分；而且注意区别broke和broken在这里的不同意思。Why do sth.这里是个反问句，是不太正式的用法。注意在此处，作者修正了前面美国俚语"ain't broke"中broke一词的用法错误,指出其应该被写为broken。

　　[参考译文]他们说英国广播公司"没有破产(broke)"，他们的意思是说它没有破产(broken)(broken和单词'broke'是有区别的，它(broken)的意思没有钱)，那为什么自找麻烦去改变它呢？

　　5.But it is the arrival of new satellite channels-funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers' subscriptions-which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.

　　[结构剖析]首先这个句子使用了强调结构：it is…which，which指代前面的channels。破折号中间的部分的插入成分相当于定语，(which are)funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers' subscriptions修饰channels。其中and连接两个partly by.

　　[阅读重点]注意bring about在句中的含义是：引起，导致，产生。

　　[参考译文]但是是新的卫星频道的到来--它的资金一部分来自于广告，一部分来自于观众的收视费--将从长远意义上导致最巨大的变化。

　　第四部分

　　参考答案：5.B 6.C 7.C 8.D

【评论】【推荐】【大中小】【打印】【关闭】

　　两性学堂--掀起夏日阳光中的爱欲狂潮
　　新浪邮箱雄踞市场第一真诚回馈用户全面扩容
　　在家学新东方英语注会注册评估师考研英语
　　无数人梦寐以求的境界，亲密接触，激烈搏杀，包你爽上“天堂”

新闻查询
关键词一关键词二