考研英语阅读理解系表结构提问方式和解题技巧_新浪教育

考研英语阅读理解系表结构提问方式和解题技巧

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/08/06 13:07 双博士丛书

　　此种类型的提问方式，我们还是必须抓住提问中的关键字词，答案可以在文中直接找到或需稍加推论。请看以下例题：

　　1995年第1篇全真考研题

　　Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It ser

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ves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices,thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour,and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services:without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much,the price of your television license would need to be doubled,and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 per cent more.

　　And perhaps most important of all,advertising provides a guarantee of reasonablevalue in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twentyseven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising,no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long,for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised,it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it,and that it represents good value.

　　Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of.

　　There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a wellknown television personality declared that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade.

　　If its message were confined merely to information-and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve,for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the wellknown television personality wants.

　　51.By the first sentence of the passage the author means that .

　　A.he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising

　　B.everybody knows well that advertising is money consuming

　　C.advertising costs money like everything else

　　D.it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising

　　52.In the passage,which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?

　　A.Securing greater fame.

　　B.Providing more jobs.

　　C.Enhancing living standards.D.Reducing newspaper cost.

　　53.The author deems that thewellknown TV personality is .

　　A.very precise in passing his judgment on advertising

　　B.interested in nothing but the buyers' attention

　　C.correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information

　　D.obviously partial in his views on advertising

　　54.In the author's opinion, .

　　A.advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information

　　B.advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over

　　C.there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer

　　D.the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement

　　51D本题的关键在于明白：as well as在这里不是表示and意思的固定词组，而是as…as中间加well，表示“同……一样好”的意思。那么，第一句话的言下之意，自然是说把钱花在广告上是值得的。另外，从文章的内容也可反过来推断第一句话的意思，因为它是topic sentence。

　　52A较简单，考的是与原文的对应，A项原文没有提到，所以是正确答案。

　　53.D问题是关于作者的态度。文中作者认为这个人太挑剔了，

　　即“He was drawing excessively fine distinctions.”即使不明白该句含义，但excessively一词有“过度，过分”之义是知道的，因此可推测作者对这个人观点持负面态度。从选项来看，D项为明显负面态度，确定为正确答案。

　　54.C这也是关于作者态度的问题。从最后一段来看，作者婉转地表达了他的态度。他假设如果广告只是提供信息而没有劝说的作用，就不会有人看广告了。因此，作者的态度很明确，广告当然有说服消费者的作用，这也体现在他对那位知名人士的批评之中。

　　译文

　　花钱做广告是我知道的最好的花钱方式。广告有助于货物以合理价格直接销售，由此建立稳定的国内市场，有可能以竞争价格出口。通过把人们的注意力吸引到新观念上来，它对人民的生活水平有极大的提高。通过促进需求的增加，它确保对劳动力的需求，因此也是抵制失业的有效方法。它降低了许多服务的成本，如果没有广告，日报的价格会上涨四倍，电视收视费会翻一番，乘车或地铁会多花20%以上。

　　也许最重要的是，广告在你所买的产品和服务中提供了一种合理的价值保证。除了有27个国会法案约束着广告业外，任何广告商都不敢促销与广告内容不相符的产品。他可能通过骗人的广告，暂时愚弄某些人。他这样做的时间不会很长，因为，所幸的是，公众有良好的判断力，他们不会第二次买质量低劣的商品。如果你看到某件商品被连续地进行广告宣传，那么这就是我知道的最确凿的证明，证明该产品名副其实，含有很高的价值。

　　广告比我能想起的任何其他形式都更能给人们带来物质利益。

　　还有一点我觉得应该简单地讲讲。最近，我听到一位电视名人声称，他反对广告，因为广告是在说服人而不是提供信息。他作出的区分过于细微。当然，广告就是力求去说服人。如果广告的内容仅仅局限于信息(这本身，如果不是不可能，将会很难实现，因为即使是挑选衬衫颜色这种细节也带有一点劝诱性)，广告将会非常令人厌倦，以至于没有人会注意。但也许那正是那位电视名人所期望的。

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