考研英语知识运用2000年真题解析 | |||
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http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/08/20 14:07 双博士丛书 | |||
If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain41 consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 42 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell insgroupsto 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil. He may also need money to constructirrigation 46 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 47. He must either sell some of his property or 48 extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally hewill try to borrow money at a low 49 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 50 obtainable. 41.A.other thanB.as well asC.instead ofD.more than 42.A.only ifB.much asC.long beforeD.ever since 43.A.forB.againstC.ofD.towards 44.A.replaceB.purchaseC.supplementD.dispose 45.A.enhanceB.mixC.feedD.raise 46.A.vesselsB.routesC.pathsD.channels 47.A.selfconfidentB.selfsufficientC.selfsatisfiedD.selfrestrained 48.A.searchB.saveC.offerD.seek 49.A.proportionB.percentageC.rateD.ratio 50.A.genuinelyB.obviouslyC.presumablyD.frequently 41.C.instead ofother than表示“除了……,除……之外”。例如: There's nobody here other than me. 除了我这里没别人。 还可以表示“与……不同,与……不同的方式”。例如: You can't get there other than by swimming. 你只能靠游泳游到那边去。 as well as意为“和……一样,也……。”例如: He is a very versatile writer. He can write poems, plays, as well as novels. 他是个多才多艺的作家。他可以写诗,剧本,还有小说。 instead of表示“不是……(而是……)”,其后可加名词,动名词,介词词组。 rather than:“而不是”。如:I'd like to stay at home this evening rather than go out. (今晚我更愿意呆在家里而不愿出门。) more...than:“与其……例不如……”。如:He's more of a fool than a knave. (与其说他是无赖,不如说他是傻瓜。) no more...than:“与……一样都不”。如:He's no more fit to be a minister than aschool boy would be. (他和小学生一样都不适于作部长。) no less than:“多达;与……一样;不比……差”。如:He walked no less than 3 miles. (他走了3英里之远。)It is no less than robbery to ask for so much. (要求那么多,简直是抢劫。) 42. A.only if 原句意思为“只有在他能产出多余的粮食的时候,才能继续养活自己和家庭。”此处需要的是一个表示条件的连词。只有A符合条件。 43. B.against 本题测试介词搭配。insurance及其同根动词insure均可与介词against搭配。如:A balanced diet is an insurance against malnutrition. (不偏食是防止营养不良的保证。)另外,请注意区别insure(保险)、ensure(确保)和assure(保证;郑重宣告;使确信)的用法,如:My house is insured against fire.(我的房子上了火灾保险。)A letter of introduction will ensure you an interview.(介绍信可以确保你得到一次面试机会。)We tried to assure the nervous old lady that flying in an airplane was quite safe.(我们尽力使这个神经紧张的老太太相信乘飞机是很安全的。)assure经常用在“assure someone that...”以及“assure sb. of sth.”结构中。 44. A.replace 各选项分别意为: A.replace①放回原处 When you have finished using the axe, please replace it. 当你用完斧子后,请放回原处。 ②取代;代替 George replaced Edward as captain. 乔治接任爱德华当队长。 ③(常与with, by连用)用……代替。例如: Jim broke Tom's cup and had to replace it with a new one. 吉姆打破了汤姆的茶杯,为他换了个新的。 B.purchase:购买。 C.supplement:补充。 D.dispose:安排;排列;安放。例如: I have disposed of my old clothes. 我已处理了我的旧衣服。 Man proposes, God disposes. 谋事在人,成事在天。 45.C.feed 本句意为:(农民)购买化肥来肥田。此处用feed更符合原义。 enhance表示“增加,增强,提高”。例如: Hopefully, the meeting will enhance the prospects of world peace. 希望这次会议能增进世界和平。 Good typing skills should enhance your chances of getting a job. 过硬的打字技术会增加你找工作的机会。 46. D.channels “灌溉渠”专有名词用channel。 A.vessel表示“器皿,容器,船只,血管”。 B.route的含义是“路线”,通常是迂回的,可以包括数条道路或街道,有时甚至包括小路、小巷。使用范围也较广。如:登山运动员所攀登的路线,实际上不是路;其他方面,如公共汽车所行经的“路线”,邮递员投递邮件的“路线”等。例: Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport. 现代登山运动员力图从那些能给他们带来大量运动的路线登山。 That postman is in charge of this route. 那个邮递员负责这条投递线路。 This bus route covers a large number of streets. 这路公共汽车行经许多街道。 C.path一般指小道、小径,特别是林间或田间小径,而且通常是由人走出来的,而不是修筑的。例如: The path cuts across the forest.这条小路穿过树林。 He made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. 他修筑了几条整齐的小路,并且在池子上架起了一座木桥。 47. B.selfsufficient 各选项分别意为: A.selfconfident:“自信的”。 B.selfsufficient:“自给自足的”。 C.selfsatisfied:“自鸣得意的,自满的”。 D.selfrestrained:“有自制力的”。 48. D.seek 各选项的用法分别为: A.search要和for连用表示“搜寻,寻求”。 B.save和后文的loan连用显然和文章原义不符。 C.offer表示“给予”,和文章原义矛盾。 D.seek表示“寻求”,为及物动词,是惟一正确的选项。 49. C.rate interest rate (利率)为固定说法。 其余选项: A.proportion:比例。 B.percentage:百分比。 D.ratio:比率。 50. D.frequently 本题从语篇角度测试词义辨析。结合上下文,obviously和genuinely(真实地,真正地)都不能使句子意思连贯。因此比较的重点在presumably和frequently。presumably表示“肯定……,很有可能……”,语气较肯定。例如:If she can write, presumably she can read too.(要是她能写,那她肯定也能读。)如果填入presumably,就意味着作者作道“农民肯定借不到低利率贷款”这一事实。因而,文章的最后一句话就成了画蛇添足:既然借不到,借款之事又何必提起?显然选择presumably并不符合作者意图。而填入frequently,可以清楚地说明“农民借款机会较少”的事实,从而有力地论证文章主题:农民生产、储备余粮是十分必要的。 译文 农民要想成功,必须在其消费与生产之间努力保持较大的距离。他必须储存大量的粮食,而不是将全部粮食马上消费掉。只有生产有剩余,他才能养活他自己及其家人。农民必须以如下三种方式来使用这些剩余粮食:作播种用,以防天有不测风云,当作商品卖掉以替换旧农具和买化肥来养肥土壤。要修建灌溉沟渠,或以其他方式改善农用,也可能需要钱。没有余粮,农民就不能自给自足。要么卖掉一些财产,要么通过贷款寻求资金。自然他会努力获得低息贷款,但是不能经常借到这种低息贷款。
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