北京市第二十中学 英语高级教师 程家庆

　　今年北京高考英语在去年增加65个新词汇的基础上再次新增80个“常见常用的”的单词。据统计，去年新增加的65个词汇在考卷中出现多达17词/次，约占26%。按照本人以往指导高考的经验，在复习中将这部分新词汇掌握好了，对考试中的发挥大有裨益。试想如果考生在答题过程中读到一个个刚刚重点认识的单词，就好比遇见一位位熟悉的佳友良朋，此时心情会是多么轻松愉快！基于此，笔者将今年新增加的80个词汇整理出来奉献给各位考生，希望对大家考试有所帮助，同时也供爱好英语的各界朋友参考。遗憾的是，限于篇幅，无法将每个词的英语意义和全部用法一一列举，只能大体依据新课标提供最基本的义项和实例。

　　另外，在这里简要谈谈冲刺阶段的高考前英语复习。有关高考复习的建议已经是连篇累牍可供大家择要参考，笔者只想在这里就如何对待模拟考试提醒大家注意如下：

　　越临近高考，越有大量的模拟试题让大家练兵，这一过程要一直坚持到高考毫不松懈，而且一定要在有限的时间内追求最高效率。做过一套题后应该注意：一是反思做题过程，模拟实战掌握时间，力求心中有数，只有做到平时考试慎重对待如高考，才能达到高考出色发挥胜过平时；二是通过检测查漏补缺，重点突出自己有问题的部分而对自己掌握较好的内容可以一带而过，比如单项填空完全可以只加强自己容易错和经常错的地方；三是善于总结积累，通过篇章培养语感。比如做完完形填空练习后很多人容易忽视但实际却非常必要的环节就是把正确选项填入空格后重读一遍甚至几遍。 这时你自然会留心空格所填的内容，无意间就会对此类题目越来越有更好的感觉，再做类似的题目当然就会得心应手渐入佳境。

　　80 New words

　　1.amaze v.惊奇，惊叹，震惊

　　The old lady amazed everyone by her passing the driving test.

　　老太太通过了驾驶考试使大家都吃惊不小。

　　I’m amazed that the young girl should get the post.

　　我很惊奇那个小姑娘竟然得到了那个职位。

　　2.appreciate v.①欣赏

　　You have to be able to know Chinese well to appreciate Peking Opera.

　　要欣赏京剧你得通晓汉语。

　　My English teacher appreciates fine arts as well.

　　我们英语老师还很懂得欣赏美术。

　　②感激

　　Your kind answer will be highly appreciated.

　　倘蒙赐复将不胜感激。

　　3.athlete n.运动员

　　The athletes have been sent to a new training center.

　　运动员们被送到新的新的训练中心。

　　4.avoid v.避免，躲开，逃避

　　She was getting tired of him and trying her best to avoid him whenever possible.

　　她厌倦他了，正尽可能躲避他。

　　You should avoid being late for school. 你应该避免迟到。

　　5.ban n.禁令

　　Haven’t you seen the ban on the wall that smoking is not allowed here?

　　你没有看到墙上不准抽烟的禁令吗？

　　6.bare a.裸露的

　　The dancer was bare to the waist.那个舞蹈家上身赤裸。

　　They were walking about on the sands with bare feet.

　　他们正赤脚在沙滩上四处漫步。

　　7.behave v.守规矩，行为

　　She behaves more like a friend than a wife.

　　她行事与其说是妻子倒不如说更象个朋友。

　　Mother told me to learn how to behave.

　　妈妈要我好好学习守规矩。

　　8.brief a.简洁的

　　The manager asked me to be brief.

　　经理要我长话短说。

　　She handed in a brief report of the incident.

　　她递交了一份关于那个事件的简要报告。

　　9.challenge n.挑战(性)

　　He refused to take up the challenge that was offered.

　　他不愿意迎接别人向他提出的挑战。

　　Exploring the outer space is a real challenge to mankind.

　　探索外层太空对人类是真正的挑战。

　　10.channel n.①频道

　　Remember to change to Channel 6; I want to watch the film.

　　记得换到六频道。我想看电影。

　　②通道

　　They have secret channels of information.

　　他们有秘密的情报来源。

　　③水渠

　　Water flows along the channels into the fields.

　　水顺着水渠流到地里。

　　11. character n.①(汉)字，字体

　　For most Westerners Chinese characters are hard to learn well.

　　对多数西方人来说汉字很难学好。

　　Can you recognize the character in his letter?

　　你能认出他信里的这个字吗？

　　②品格

　　Never have I seen the cruel side of his character.

　　我从来没看出他性格中残忍的一面。

　　12.civil a.①国内的

　　This happened during the American Civil War.

　　这事发生在美国南北战争期间。

　　②平民(非军人)的, 民用的

　　We all have civil rights and civil duties.我们都有公民的权利和义务。

　　13.combine vt.使联合, 使结合

　　You need to combine the eggs, butter and sugar first to make the cake.

　　要做蛋糕你得首先把鸡蛋、奶油和白糖和好。

　　Try to combine business with pleasure.尽量劳逸结合。

　　14.commercial a.商业的，贸易的

　　Our manager knows commercial laws well. 我们经理通晓贸易规则。

　　Is the new building across the street for commercial use?

　　街道对过那幢新楼是商用楼吗？

　　15.concern v.使担忧，使烦恼

　　We’re concerned that they may have got lost.我们担心他们会迷路呢。

　　There’s no need to concern yourself with the matter.

　　你不用为这件事操心了。

　　n. 担忧

　　The lack of medical supplies in the country is our most urgent concern.

　　农村地区的缺医少药是我们目前最担忧的。

　　16.conduct vt.引导，带领

　　Please conduct me to your head teacher.

　　请你领我去见你们的校长。

　　The guide conducted us around the palace and told us many things about its history.

　　导游带领我们游览了宫殿并给我们讲了很多宫殿的历史。

　　17. conference n.①(正式的)会议

　　I benefited greatly from attending the international conference.

　　参加这次国际会议使我受益非浅。

　　Our chairman of the board can’t see you right now; he is in conference.

　　董事长这会儿不能见你。他在开会。

　　②讨论

　　Mr. Black is now in conference with his advisors.

　　布莱克先生正在同他的诸位顾问会商。

　　18.confident a.自信的，有信心的，有把握的

　　The young manager answered with a confident smile. 年轻的经理带着自信的笑容作出回答。

　　She’s confident of succeeding/that she will succeed in the exam.

　　她有信心在考试中取得成功。

　　19.contribute v.捐助，捐赠，贡献

　　We must contribute what we can afford.

　　我们必须尽自己的能力做贡献。

　　She is always ready to contribute for the poor.她总是踊跃捐助穷人。

　　20.cycle v.骑自行车

　　Do you usually cycle to school? 你通常骑车去上学吗？

　　We cycled through the woods, singing along.

　　我们骑车穿过树林，一路上唱着歌。

　　21.detect vt.侦察，侦查，发现、发觉或查出

　　This policewoman’s job is to detect robbery.

　　那个女警的任务是侦破抢劫案件。

　　They need instruments that can detect radiation.

　　他们需要能够检测辐射的仪器。

　　22.diet n.饮食

　　Most people don’t have enough fiber in their diet.

　　多数人的饮食中含纤维素不足。

　　The doctor advised a diet of less sugar and fat.

　　医生建议吃少糖低脂肪的食物。

　　23.digest v.①消化

　　The old man can’t digest any corn product.

　　那位老人不能消化任何玉米食品。

　　Milk is easy for a baby to digest. 牛奶很容易被小孩消化。

　　②领会

　　You’re given time to digest the report fully.

　　给你时间把报告从头到尾好好琢磨一下

　　Some books need to be digested. 一些书籍是要好好读懂的。

　　24.disaster n.灾难, 祸患

　　The hurricane brought disaster to the small town near the sea.

　　飓风给海边的那座小镇带来灾难。

　　25.discriminate v.歧视，偏袒

　　Society still discriminates against women nowadays.

　　当今社会仍然歧视女性。

　　Is it unfair for the boss to discriminate in favor of male employees?

　　那个老板厚待男雇员是不公平的对吗？

　　26.edit vt.编辑

　　We plan to edit an English book for use in foreign language colleges.

　　我们计划编辑一本英语书给外语大学使用。

　　Are you busy editing a picture book for children?

　　你在忙着编辑一本孩子们看的图画书吗？

　　27.expense n.消费, 支出

　　Traveling by plane is still quite an expense these days.

　　现在乘坐飞机出游还是很昂贵的。

　　They spared no expense to make the wedding party a success.

　　为了把婚礼办得象模象样他们不惜花费巨大。

　　28.expert n.专家，能手

　　The young and beautiful lady is in fact a famous expert on virus.

　　这位年轻貌美的女士其实是位研究病毒的著名专家。

　　29.extraordinary a.离奇的, 使人惊奇的

　　His memory is quite extraordinary.他的记忆力超群。

　　30.fade vi.褪色，(颜色)消退

　　The strong sunlight has caused the curtains to fade.

　　强烈的阳光都晒得窗帘褪色了。

　　31.female a.女的, 女性的, 雌性的

　　More than half of the teachers in their school are female.

　　他们学校的教师有一半以上是女的。

　　A female monkey was caught in the trap.陷阱套住了一只母猴。

　　n.雌性，妇女

　　Who is that female he is with? 跟他在一起的那个女的是谁？

　　32.festival n.节日，喜庆

　　Which do you think is the most important festival of the Christian religion? 你认为最重要的基督教节日是哪个？

　　a.节日的，喜庆的

　　They went into the streets in beautiful festival clothes.

　　他们身着节日的盛装走上街头。

　　33.flame n.①火焰

　　Soon the flames spread throughout the whole block.

　　很快火焰就蔓延到整个街区。

　　②光辉

　　I like seeing the flames of sunset quietly.

　　我喜欢静静地看如霞落日。

　　34.flesh n.肉

　　Wolves are flesh-eating animals. 狼是食肉动物。

　　The big man has much more flesh than I.

　　那个大个子男人比我肉多得多。

　　35.gas n.煤气

　　Turn off the gas if your pan of oil catches fire.

　　如果油锅着火，关掉煤气。

　　36.gesture n.姿势，手势

　　We sometimes speak by gesture.我们有时以手势表达。

　　He raised his hands in a gesture of despair.他举起双手以示绝望。

　　37.gym n.①体操

　　Gym is my favourite sport.体操是我最喜欢的运动。

　　They did an hour of gym.他们做了一个小时的体操。

　　②体育馆，健身房

　　We played volleyball in the gym.我们在体育馆打排球。

　　38.hobby n.业余爱好，嗜好

　　I see you included fishing in your list of hobbies.

　　我知道了你的嗜好之一是钓鱼。

　　39.humour/humor n.幽默，幽默感

　　He told us a story full of humor before class.

　　他在上课前给我们讲了个非常幽默的故事。

　　Her husband has a good sense of humor.她丈夫很有幽默感。

　　40.immigrate v.移居，迁移

　　He decided to immigrate to Australia to find work.

　　他决定移居到澳大利亚找个工作。

　　Have you ever regretted immigrating from China when you did?

　　你有没有为从中国移民出来感到后悔过？

　　41.insert vt.插入

　　There is no space to insert even a small advertisement in the newspaper.

　　报纸上连插入一个小广告的空间都没有了。

　　42.inspire vt.鼓舞, 激励

　　What my teacher said inspires me to study hard.

　　老师说的激励着我更加努力地学习。

　　All the Chinese people were greatly inspired at the news of biding for the 2008 Olympic Game successfully.所有中国人都深受中国成功申办2008年奥运会这个好消息的巨大鼓舞。

　　43.journalist n.记者，新闻工作者

　　She is a journalist on China Daily.她是《北京日报》的一名记者。

　　44.justice n.①正义, 公正

　　Laws should be based on the principles of justice. 法律应以公正为原则。

　　②司法

　　His aim was to bring the criminal who killed his son to justice.

　　他的目的就是要把杀害的他儿子的罪犯绳之以法。

　　45.leak vi.漏，渗

　　The roof leaks and it lets the rain come in.房顶漏了，雨漏进来了。

　　46.likely a.很可能的

　　It is likely to rain. 好像要下雨。

　　It is not likely that he will see me off. 他好像不太可能去送我。

　　47.lung n.肺, 肺脏

　　His father died of lung cancer. 他的父亲死于肺癌。

　　48.male a.雄的，男性的

　　The male nurse soon became impatient.那位男护士很快就没耐心了。

　　49.maximum a.最大量的，最大限度的

　　What’s the maximum temperature in the city of Beijing? 北京市的最高气温是多少？

　　n.最大量，最大限度

　　Is it surprising that she obtained 148 marks out of a maximum of 150?

　　满分为150分她获得了148分很使人吃惊吧？

　　50.mercy n.怜悯

　　They showed no mercy to their enemies.他们对敌人毫不怜悯。

　　51.mineral n.矿物质，矿物

　　China is rich in mineral resources.中国矿产资源丰富。

　　52.minimum a.最小的

　　One yuan is the minimum fare on buses in our city.

　　我们城市的公共汽车最低票价是1元。

　　53.minority n.①少数

　　Only a minority of households in America doesn’t have a car.

　　在美国只有少数家庭没有汽车。

　　There’re some people opposed to the plan, but they are in a minority.

　　有些人不同意那个计划，但他们只是少数。

　　②少数民族

　　How many minorities are there in your country?

　　你们国家有多少少数民族？

　　54.multiply vt.乘，使相乘

　　2 multiplied by 5 makes 10. 2 乘以5得10。

　　Today we are going to learn how to multiply two numbers together.

　　今天我们来学习如何将两数相乘。

　　55.nuclear a.原子核的，原子能的，核动力

　　A nuclear war may destroy the earth. 一场核战争可能会摧毁地球。

　　56.partner n.搭档，合作者

　　May I join you? My partner didn’t come today.

　　能加入你们吗？我的搭档今天没来。

　　57.passive a.被动的

　　Don’t be so passive. You cannot do this job but you can do many others.

　　别这么消极。你不能做这份工作但你还可以做许多其他别的工作。

　　58.pill n.药丸，药片

　　She has to take three vitamin pills a day until she recovers.

　　她每天要服用三片维生素片直到痊愈。

　　59.planet n.行星

　　She explained how some other planets had been discovered.

　　她讲解了其他几颗行星都是如何被发现的。

　　60.pray v. ①祈祷

　　The old lady prays before each meal.那位老妇每顿饭前都祷告。

　　They prayed that the war would stop as soon as possible.

　　他们祈祷战争尽快结束。

　　②祈求

　　I pray you to show mercy on me.求求你可怜可怜我吧。

　　61.process n.步骤，过程

　　It will be a difficult process to reform the education system.

　　改革教育制度将是个很艰难的过程。

　　62. quantity n.量，数，数量

　　What quantity do you require? 你们要求多大的数量？

　　A large quantity of jewelry was stolen.大量的珠宝被盗。

　　63.queue n.行列，长队

　　Is this the queue for the train? 这是等候火车的队吗？

　　We had to stand in a queue for hours to buy the tickets for the film.

　　我们不得不排几个小时的队买票看那部电影。

　　v.排队等候

　　Queue here for a bus.在这里排队等候公共汽车。

　　64.relate vi.有关，涉及

　　Does the new law relate only to robbery?

　　这条新法律只涉及抢劫案件吗？

　　I’m going through some statements relating to his marriage.

　　我在浏览关于他的婚姻的资料。

　　65.relax v.(使)放松，轻松

　　Just let your muscles relax slowly.

　　只是让你的肌肉慢慢放松好了。

　　We’ll only relax when we know you’re all safe.

　　我们只有知道你们都平安才会轻松下来。

　　66.respond v.反应

　　His wife asked where he had been, but he didn’t respond.

　　他老婆问他去哪里了但他不回答。

　　How will you respond to that criticism? 你将如何回应批评？

　　67.revise v.复习(功课)

　　He’s revising for his history test.他在复习准备历史测验。

　　I’d like to stay home to revise my English notes.

　　我要在家复习英语笔记。

　　68.soccer n.英式足球

　　Do you like playing soccer? 你喜欢踢足球吗？

　　69.split v.撕开, 切开

　　Her husband was splitting logs with an axe in front of the shed.

　　他丈夫在马厩前劈柴。

　　70.spy n.密探，间谍

　　The spy was hanged immediately. 那个密探很快被绞死了。

　　v.侦探，刺探

　　He was accused of spying for the enemy. 他被指控为敌人刺探情报。

　　71.studio n.工作室，演播室

　　The next morning the old artist was found murdered in his studio.

　　第二天早上有人发现那位老艺术家被人杀死在他的工作室里。

　　72.suck vt.吸吮

　　Did the farmer suck the poison out of the wound?

　　那位农民将毒液从伤口里吸出来了吗？

　　73.sum n.①金额，款项

　　She paid me a large sum of money for my services.

　　她为我的服务付给我一大笔钱。

　　②总数，总和

　　Is that the sum of what you’ve done in the last two months?

　　这就是前面两个月总共完成的数量吗？

　　v.总结，概括

　　Will you please sum up your views in a few words now?

　　下面请你用几句话把你的观点概括一下好吗？

　　74.swallow vt.吞下, 咽下

　　Have you swallowed the pills? 你把药片咽下去了吗？

　　75.swing vt.挥舞，摆动

　　She swung her arms as she walked.她边走边挥舞双臂。

　　n.秋千

　　He just stood there watching the children riding on the swing.

　　他只是站在那里看孩子们荡秋千。

　　76.tick vt.作记号

　　Your job is to tick the names of those present at the meeting.

　　你的工作是在出席会议的人员的名字前面作记号。

　　The exercises that are finished have been ticked off.

　　完成的练习都已经被作上标记了。

　　77. trap n.陷阱

　　The old hunter is good at setting traps for rabbits.

　　那位老猎人擅长安放捕兔子的夹子。

　　vt.使陷入困境

　　The lift broke down and I was trapped inside.

　　电梯出故障我被困在了里面。

　　78.trial n.①审判

　　How long did the trial last? 审判持续了多久？

　　The case comes to trial next week.那个案件将要在下周开庭审理。

　　②试验, 试用

　　They will soon put the new type of car through safety trial.

　　他们将很快把那种新型汽车投入安全性能试验。

　　79.video n.录像，视频

　　The robbery was recorded on video.抢劫案被录像记录下来了。

　　80.weed n.杂草，野草

　　I spent the whole weekend pulling up the weeds in the garden.

　　我用了整个周末的时间拔除花园里的杂草。