第1页:仿真试题1及其答案第2页:仿真试题2及其答案

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.（10points）

　　Green space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment.Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with the proof of this idea.（61）At present it is generally accepted，although more as a self_evident statement than on the basis of a closely_reasoned scientific proof.The recognition of the importance of green space in the urban environment is a first step on the right way.（62）This does not mean，however，that sufficient details are known about the functions of green space in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces.As to this rather complex subject I shall，within the scope of this lecture，enter into one aspect only，namely the recreative function of green space facilities.

　　（63）The theoretical separation of living，working，traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town_and_country planning，has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home，whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home.（64）We have come to the conclusion that this is not right，because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working，is used for activities at and around home.So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street door of the house.

　　（65）The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible，and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect.The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district，if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets，because the risks of traffic are too great，if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot for enjoying for a moment the nice weather，in short，if you only feel yourself at home after the street_door of your house is closed after you.

　　答案

　　文章大意: 本文论述了绿色空间设施的建立在很大程度上有助于提高城市环境的质量，对其重要性的认识只是朝着正确方向迈出的第一步。绿色空间设施的一个重要职能是休闲娱乐功能。作者认为，多年来在城市和国家的规划中，不适度地注重离家远的地方的娱乐方式，而相对而言，较少地注意改进在离家最近的地带可能进行的娱乐是不对的。户外娱乐应始于家门口。都市环境应该提供尽可能多的娱乐活动，这种设计中，在它更加必不可少的活动里也应有娱乐的一面。

　　（61）结构分析: 句子框架是it is generally accepted，although…。主句中代词it代指前句内容it is no longer necessary that…this idea（有关这一主题的所有演讲或书籍不必用支持这一观念的证据开头了）。although引导让步状语从句，省略了主语和谓语，补充完整为although it is generally accepted more as a self_evident statement than on the basis of a closely reasoned scientific proof。more…than…结构意为“不是…，而是…;与其说…，倒不如说…”。

　　参考译文: 这在目前是得到公认的，尽管是个人见证的论述，而较少有严谨的科学推理作为证据的基础。

　　（62）结构分析: 句子框架是This does not mean…that…。that引导的宾语从句作mean的宾语。从句中的被动结构be known译成主动句，加译泛指性的主语“我们”。句尾的介词短语about the way中又套嵌一个介词in加关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰the way。

　　参考译文: 然而，这并不意味着，我们对于有关城镇中绿色空间的作用以及居民使用这些空间的方法了解到了足够的资料。

　　（63）结构分析: 句子框架是The theoretical separation…has…resulted…，whereas there was…attention…。whereas连接两个并列句。前一个并列分句中又套嵌一个which引导的定语从句;far from home为形容词短语作后置定语修饰forms of recreation，相当于forms of recreation that are far from home;后一个并列分句为there be句型。disproportionate译为“不相称的，不适度的”;recreative possibilities译成“可能进行的娱乐”。

　　参考译文: 许多年来，日常生活、工作、交通以及娱乐这一理论上的划分被用在城市和国家的规划中，在我看来，其结果是不适度地注重离家远的地方的娱乐方式，而相对而言，较少地注意改进在离家最近的地带可能进行的娱乐。

　　（64）结构分析: 句子框架是We have come to the conclusion…，because…。because引导原因状语从句修饰主句。主句中又有that引导的同位语从句作conclusion的同位语。because引导的原因状语从句中又套嵌一个which引导的定语从句修饰the time。

　　参考译文: 我们已经得出结论，这样做是不对的，因为我们除了睡觉和工作中度过的时间以外，重要的一部分是用来在家里或者家的周围进行活动。

　　（65）结构分析: 句子框架是The urban environment has to offer…，and the design…has to be…。and引导两个并列句。and后的并列分句中such that…结构译为“如此以致…”;the design of these中these指代前面分句的The urban environment;obligatory意为“必须的，强制性的”。

　　参考译文: 都市环境应该提供尽可能多的娱乐活动，这种设计中，在它更加必不可少的活动里也应有娱乐的一面。