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¡¡¡¡Directions:

¡¡¡¡Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)

¡¡¡¡To produce the upheaval(¼¤±ä) in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid-1860¡¯s to the mid-1880¡¯s, three primary causes interacted. The 1 of a halfª²dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. 2 , an outcry£¨Äź°£© for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction 3 among the alumni£¨Ð£ÓÑ£© and friends of nearly all of the old college and grew into a movement that overrode£¨Ñ¹µ¹£© all 4 opposition. The aggressive ¡°Young Yale¡± movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more 5 spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously 6 to relieve the college¡¯s poverty and demand new 7 .Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by 8 off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new 9 of public duty.

¡¡¡¡The old-style classical education received its most crushing 10 in the citadel£¨³Ç±¤£© of Harvard College, 11 Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of thirty-five, son of a former treasurer of Harvard, led the 12 forces. Five revolutionary advances were made during the first years of Dr. Eliot¡¯s 13 . They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the 14 and the development of the 15 system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law, medicine, and engineering to a postgraduate level, and the fostering(ÅàÑø) of greater 16 in student life. Standard of admission were sharply advanced in 1872¡«1877. 17 the appointment of a dean£¨Ôº³¤£© to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of 18 , the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and 19 as young animals. One new course of study after another was 20 science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics and international law.

¡¡¡¡1. £ÛA£Ý uproar£ÛB£Ý threshold£ÛC£Ý emergency£ÛD£Ý emergence

¡¡¡¡2. £ÛA£Ý However£ÛB£Ý Moreover£ÛC£Ý Thereafter£ÛD£Ý Indeed

¡¡¡¡3. £ÛA£Ý aroused£ÛB£Ý arose£ÛC£Ý roused£ÛD£Ý incurred

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¡¡¡¡5. £ÛA£Ý flexible£ÛB£Ý liberal£ÛC£Ý literate£ÛD£Ý literary

¡¡¡¡6. £ÛA£Ý rallied£ÛB£Ý assembled£ÛC£Ý gathered£ÛD£Ý summoned

¡¡¡¡7. £ÛA£Ý resource£ÛB£Ý orientation£ÛC£Ý reserve£ÛD£Ý enterprise

¡¡¡¡8. £ÛA£Ý putting£ÛB£Ý taking£ÛC£Ý growing£ÛD£Ý letting

¡¡¡¡9. £ÛA£Ý point£ÛB£Ý meaning£ÛC£Ý commitment£ÛD£Ý sense

¡¡¡¡10. £ÛA£Ý blow£ÛB£Ý crack£ÛC£Ý strike£ÛD£Ý stroke

¡¡¡¡11. £ÛA£Ý when£ÛB£Ý where£ÛC£Ý which£ÛD£Ý that

¡¡¡¡12. £ÛA£Ý drastic£ÛB£Ý massive£ÛC£Ý extreme£ÛD£Ý progressive

¡¡¡¡13. £ÛA£Ý administration£ÛB£Ý manipulation£ÛC£Ý regulation£ÛD£Ý institution

¡¡¡¡14. £ÛA£Ý subject£ÛB£Ý course£ÛC£Ý curriculum£ÛD£Ý syllabus

¡¡¡¡15. £ÛA£Ý elective£ÛB£Ý selective£ÛC£Ý subjective£ÛD£Ý objective

¡¡¡¡16. £ÛA£Ý diversity£ÛB£Ý maturity£ÛC£Ý seniority£ÛD£Ý versatility

¡¡¡¡17. £ÛA£Ý By£ÛB£Ý With£ÛC£Ý Upon£ÛD£Ý At

¡¡¡¡18. £ÛA£Ý penalty£ÛB£Ý code£ÛC£Ý virtue£ÛD£Ý discipline

¡¡¡¡19. £ÛA£Ý little£ÛB£Ý less£ÛC£Ý much£ÛD£Ý even

¡¡¡¡20. £ÛA£Ý opened up£ÛB£Ý set down£ÛC£Ý brought up£ÛD£Ý laid down