Passage One

　　In 990, over 00 countries signed an international agreement to make it illegal to buy or sell

　　ivory, which is mainly used for jewelry. Most ivory is made from the tusks of African elephants。

　　These tusks are very valuable—one pair is worth more than three times that an African farmer or factory worker earns in a year。

　　Hunting elephants was so profitable that from 1979 to 1989 the number of elephants in Africa

　　fell from .3 million to 600,000. It was feared that by the year 2000 there would be none left. However, since 990 there has been much less illegal hunting, thanks to the international agreement。

　　But it costs a lot of money to preserve elephants. Game wardens must be hired to protect them,

　　land must be set aside for them, and when they destroy a farmer’s crops, the farmer must be paid

　　compensation。

　　Zimbabwe and four other African counties say that some of the elephants should be killed legally. This would help keep the population stable, and selling the ivory would help pay for preserving the elephants. But conservationists say that making ivory legal to sell would lead to even more

　　illegal hunting. Others say that it is wrong to kill elephants because they are sensitive animals who

　　feel emotional pain at the death of other elephants。

　　Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard。

　　Question 26. What happened to the African elephants from 979 to 989?

　　Question 27. Which of the following is NOT a problem caused by elephant preservation?

　　Question 28. Why do several African countries advocate legally killing some of the elephants?

　　Passage Two

　　We hear it a lot in the news these days: “Recycle newspapers and save a tree。” Protecting our

　　delicate environment seems to be on the agenda of politicians, government leaders, and citizens in

　　many parts of the world to show support for mother nature. Three essential keys needed to power this

　　movement include a more informed public, the development of improved technology, and a greater

　　demand for recycled materials。

　　Let’s use paper as an example. The first step is to raise public awareness about the recycling

　　process, to explain the kinds of materials that can be recycled, and provide ways on how to properly

　　dispose of them. Local governments should educate the public on how to properly sort reusable materials from those that can’t be recycled. Then, a system of collecting these sorted materials needs to

　　be established. The public interest might be there, but soon may wane if there isn’t a system where

　　they can take these materials to be recycled. Give the public information they can grasp, and then

　　you will increase your chances of gaining followers。

　　Second, technological progress has been made on many fronts, but governmental agencies need

　　to step up their support for companies involved in recycling by providing tax incentives, low-cost

　　loans, or even grants to upgrade equipment and to encourage further research。

　　The final key is to increase demand for the growing surplus of resources waiting to be recycled。

　　Recycling is a crucial link protecting our planet. The three keys mentioned are important ways to

　　achieve this end。

　　Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard。

　　Question 29. What is the major topic for this passage?

　　Question 30. How would the lack of a system for recycling affect the public interest?

　　Question 3 . What can be done by the government to stimulate technological progress for recycling?

　　Passage Three

　　Your assignment this term will be to write two major research papers. One of the most important things about writing a research paper is giving proper credit for your sources of information。

　　Failure to do this is called plagiarism, which is a form of intellectual dishonesty. Plagiarism is a kind

　　of stealing, or at least, an unauthorized borrowing of someone else’s ideas. Sometimes, inexperienced

　　students will plagiarize unintentionally, and then be surprised when the teacher won’t accept their

　　papers, or gives them a failing grade. The best way to avoid unintentional plagiarizing is to be very

　　careful in gathering your information as you take notes on books and magazine articles about the

　　topic you’ve selected. Firstly, try to assimilate the information thoroughly. Secondly, write it down in

　　your own words, this is called paraphrasing. If you do a good job of paraphrasing, you’ll capture the

　　main idea from your source without actually using any phrases from it. Most of your motes should

　　probably be paraphrases. However, occasionally you may find something you wish to quote directly

　　in your research paper. In this case, be sure that you copy the quotation precisely in your note, and

　　enclose it in quotation marks. That way when you are finalizing your research paper, you’ll be able

　　to remember which of your notes are direct quotes, and which are your own summaries of the mate

　　rial. You can then incorporate them appropriately and give the original author proper credit。

　　Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard。

　　Question 32. What kind of assignment is the professor discussing with the students?

　　Question 33. What does the professor warn the students against doing?

　　Question 34. Who are most likely to steal other people’s viewpoints unintentionally according to the

　　professor?

　　Question 35. How does the professor suggest students should take notes?

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