In Great Britain the numbers in prison have increased steadily from 30 000 in 1930 to 80,000 in 1980. On the other hand in Australia, and particularly in New Zealand the numbers fell markedly from 1930 to 1940. Since then they have increased gradually, apart from in 1980 when the numbers in prison in New Zealand fell by about 30,000 from the 1970 total. Canada is the only country in which the numbers in prison have decreased over the period 1930 to 1980, although there have been fluctuations in this trend. The figures for the United States indicate the greatest number of prisoners compared to the other four countries but population size needs to be taken into account in this analysis。

　　The prison population in the United States increased rapidly from 1970 to 1980 and this must be a worrying trend。

　　从图中我们发现，每个国家的数据变化都是不同的，有升有降，没有一个有规律的总体趋势，这时候，我们可以用划线句子的写法在一开始就描述数据的总体情况。接下来再分国家逐一描述即可。

　　二、横轴为地点，交通工具等其他专有名词：

　　遇到这样的情况，不管柱形有几根，建议考生都可以按照长度从长写到短，也可以先以描述总体趋势作为突破口，如以下这个图：

　　The graph above show information of employment rates across 6 countries in 1995 and 2005.

　　Summarize the information by choosing and describe the main idea, and make comparisons where appropriate。

例图

　　The graph shows changes in employment rates in six countries between 1995 and 2005, for men and women. Overall more and more people of working age are employed, and there have been significant improvements for women, although they leg behind men in entering the workforce。

　　The most obvious trend in the graph is that women have lower employment rates in most of the countries in the graph。

　　For example, in Australia in 1995, 57 percent of men could find work or retain a job, but only 27 percent of women. The difference was even bigger in New Zealand, with 60 percent of women. Even in Switzerland and Iceland, alightly more men than women were in the job market。

　　The second biggest trend in the graph is the improvement in employment between 1995 and 2005.

　　In all countries shown, figures for both men and women improved. The biggest change was in the United Kingdom, from 55 percent of men in 1995 to 73 percent over the ten years period。

　　Furthermore, the increases in employment rates for women were much higher in New Zealand. The percentage of working women jumped from 25 percent to 42 percent, and in the United States from 45 percent to 61 percent over the decade。

　　In conclusion, all the countries in the graph showed at least a 12 percent increase in employment rates of both men and women over the ten yeares. While men had relatively higher employment rate throughout the period, more and more women appear to be entering the labour market。

　　在这幅图里，经过观察，我们首先发现了一个总体趋势，即妇女就业率尽管总体仍旧低于男性，但是情况正在好转，所有国家的妇女就业率都有显著的上升。因此，我们可以抓住这个总趋势，在一上来就进行描写。见第一段的划线句子。但是经过进一步观察分析，我们又发现2个趋势：一个是2005年妇女的就业率不论在哪个国家都要高于1995年同期的数据；另外一个是妇女的就业率在所有国家不管在哪一年都要明显低于男性的就业率。这2个趋势的发现，实际上可以作为2个分趋势，可以分别作为主体段开头的数据描写突破口。见后2段的划线句子。

　　我们再来看一个例子：

　　The chart shows the number of mobile phones and landlines per 100 people in selected countries. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information given。

请看例图

　　The graph shows the number of mobile phones and landlines per 100 users, for selected countries. Overall, most of the countries included in the graph have more mobile phones subscribers than landlines。

　　Most European countries have high mobile phone use. The biggest users of mobile phones are the Italians, with 88 cell phones per 100 people。

　　For example, Italy has twice as many mobile phones as landlines, with 88 mobiles per hundred people compared to 45 for landlines. Mobile phone use is low in Canada, with fewer than 40 phones per 100 people. Denmark is also unusual because it has slightly more landlines than mobile phones。

　　However, in some countries, the number of landlines is higher than the number of mobile phones。

　　One example is the USA, where the number of mobiles, at 50 per 100 people, is much lower than the number of landlines, at almost 70 per hundred. A similar pattern can be seen in Canada. The highest number of landlines in the graph is in Denmark, with about 90 per 100 people. In contrast, the lowest figures for fixed lines are in Italy and the UK。

　　In conclusion, it seems that mobile phone use is higher in Europe than in North America。

　　在这个柱形图中，通过观察，我们也发现了几个趋势：一是大部分国家手机使用数量要多于固定电话使用数量；二是欧洲国家的手机使用量明显多于北美洲国家。见划线的句子。我们在观察图形的时候，若横轴是地点，我们还需注意国家的分类，这点在高分范文中尤其可以成为一个亮点。

　　另外，建议考生们在观察柱形的时候，还要特别注意落差较大的柱形，有时候以这些柱的数据描写作为突破口也不失为一种很好的尝试，如上图中第2段第2个划线句子，就是以描述意大利的数据作为突破口，因为意大利的2根柱的落差是所有国家里最大的.

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