初三生中考学科备考复习策略:英语习惯用语2

2012年11月23日16:33  中国教育在线    

  2012中考[微博]英语常见习惯用语总复习

  [误] - What‘s the problem?

  - I’ve got a headache

  [正] What‘s wrong with you?

  I’ve got a headache

  [析] What‘s wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状态如何,而 What’s the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。

  [误] - Now, I‘m back Can I play?

  - Perhaps You’d better do your homework first

  [正] - Now, I‘m back Can I play?

  - I’m afraid not You‘d better do your homework first

  [析] Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论,如: Am I right? Perhaps而 I’m afraid not 则表达一种不同意的态度。 be afraid 的几种用法有:

  I‘m afraid that you are right

  其后直接加宾语从句。

  - Will you come to my birthday party?

  - I’m afraid not I have to go to see my father He is in hospital

  其后+not,表示否定。

  - Sorry, I don‘t want to go there alone, I’m afraid of the dog

  其后+名词,表示对某人,某物的害怕。

  Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam

  其后+ of + 动名词,表示害怕做某事。

  Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn‘t do well in the exam

  其后+ 不定式,表示不敢去做某事。

  [误] - How soon will you be ready?

  - Two days

  [正] - How soon will you be ready?

  - In two days

  [析] 此题关键是要根据情景,身临其境,要注意的是对方问了什么,就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。 How soon 问的是“还有多久才能作完”,这时要用 in two days, 即在两小时之内即可以作完。如用 How long 提问,则答语可以用 two days。

  [误] - Would you mind if I have some time off?

  - I don’t mind

  - Monday and Tuesday of next week

  [正] - Would you mind if I have some time off?

  - When exactly

  - Monday and Tuesday of next week

  [析] 有的对话是复杂的,稍有不慎就有可能选错,而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。 I don‘t mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind…这一提问的,但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly? 什么时间,这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。

  [误] Suppose your name is Tom The phone rings and you pick it up The first word you say will probably be “Who are you?“

  [正] Suppose your name is Tom The phone rings and you pick it up The first word you say will probably be “Hello? This is Tom speaking?”

  [析] 在英语学习中,习惯用法实际上在某种情况,或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析,它们可能都是对的。比如,当你拿起电话时,如果你想知道对方是谁,可以问“Who’s that(speaking)?”但不要讲“Who are you?”如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲“This is ×××× speaking”而不要讲“I‘m ××××”也不要讲“My name is ×××××。” 就语法而论,“Who are you?” “I’m ××××”“My name is ×××××”并不错,也是英语中可用的句子,但就打电话这一场合,就不宜用了。

  [误] - Do you think it‘s going to rain over the weekend?

  - I don’t hope so

  [正] - Do you think it‘s going to rain over the weekend?

  - I hope not

  [析] 由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉,如在肯定答语中 I think so I hope soI believe so 是相同的,但在否定句中却常用 I don’t think so 但I don‘t believe so 和 I don’t hope so 则意为:我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而 I believe not 和 I hope not 则为:我想可能不会发生吧!

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