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新浪首页 > 教育天地 > 网络,你“离间”了人群?

Alienation and the Internet
http://www.sina.com.cn 2002/04/15 08:47  《英语学习》

  By Tony Spears

  亦殳 选注

  你是一个每日无网不成欢的“网虫”、“网蝶”?抑或是一个问世间网为何物的“网盲”?网络正潜移默化地改变着现代人的生活,而现代人也就其与自身的关系进行着深深的思索。

  The Internet provides an amazing forum for the free exchange of ideas.

  Given the relatively few restrictions governing access and usage, it is the communications modal equivalent of international waters.<注1> It is my personal belief that the human potential can only be realized by the globalization of ideas. I developed this position<注2> years before the Internet came into wide spread use. And I am excited at the potential for the Internet to dramatically alter our global society for the better. However I am also troubled by the possible unintended negative consequences.

  There has been much talk about the "new information age." But much less widely reported has been the notion that the Internet may be responsible for furthering the fragmentation of society by alienating its individual users.<注3> At first this might sound like an apparent contradiction: how can something, that is on the one hand responsible for global unification by enabling the free exchange of ideas, alienate the participants?

  I had a recent discussion with a friend of mine who has what he described as a "problem" with the Internet. When I questioned him further he said that he was "addicted,"<注4> and has "forced" himself to go off-line. He said that he felt like an alcoholic, in that moderate use of the Internet was just not possible for him.<注5> I have not known this fellow to be given to exaggeration, therefore when he described his internet binges,<注6> when he would spend over twenty-four hours on line non-stop, it gave me pause to think. He said, "the Internet isn't real, but I was spending all my time on line, so I just had to stop." He went on to say that all of the time that he spent on line might have skewed<注7> his sense of reality, and that it made him feel lonely and depressed.

  The fragmentation of society has been lamented for some time now. It seems to me that it probably began in earnest after World War II when a generation returned from doing great deeds overseas. They won the war, and by God they were going to win the peace. Automobile ownership became commonplace and suburbs were created. "Progress" was their mantra.<注8> So even prior to the Internet's widespread popularity, folks were already becoming distanced from their extended families and neighbors. And when we fast-forward to today we see an almost cruel irony in that people can and often do develop on-line relationships with folks on the other side of the globe, without leaving their homes. But at the expense of the time that would have otherwise been available for involvement in other activities which might foster a sense of community in their villages, towns and cities.Last weekend my wife and I invited our extended family to our home to celebrate our daughter's birthday. During the celebration my young nephew spent the entire time on my computer playing a simulated war game. My brother-in-law and I were chatting near by and it struck us that in generations past, his son, my nephew, would have been outside playing with his friends. But now the little fellow goes on line to play his games against his friends in cyberspace.

  It seems to me that the Internet is a powerful tool that presents an opportunity for the advancement of the acquisition and application of knowledge. However, based on my personal experience I can understand how, as they surf the web some folks might be confronted with cognitive overload.<注9> And I can also understand how one might have his or her sense of reality distorted in the process. Is the Internet a real place?

  Depending upon how a "real place" is defined it might very well be. At the very least, I believe that when we use the Internet, we are forced to ask fundamental questions about how we perceive the world about us—perhaps another unintended consequence. Some would argue that the virtual existences created by some users who debate, shop, travel and have romance on line are in fact not real. While others would argue that, since in practical terms, folks are debating, shopping, travelling andshavingsromance, the converse is true.

  All of this being said, I believe that the key to realizing the potential of the Internet is in achieving balance in our lives. This would allow us to maximize its potential without losing our sense of place.<注10> However like most things that is easier said than done. It seems to me that we are a society that values immediate gratification above all else, and what better place to achieve it than in cyberspace, where the cyber-world is your cyber-oyster.<注11> The widespread use of the automobile forever changed our society and culture, and perhaps a similar sort of thing is occurring now. I am not at all certain where the "information superhighway" will lead us: some say to Utopia,<注12> while others feel it's the road to hell. But I do know that we all have the ability to maintain our sense of place in the world. Whether we choose to take advantage of this ability is another matter.

网络,你“离间”了人群?



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《英语学习》2002年3期 专题

Annotation

1.上网的途径及网络的应用所受到的限制相对还比较少,就这点来说,网上交流相当于在国际海域行驶。

2. position:立场,观点。

3.由于网络使个人用户之间彼此疏远,从而有可能导致社会的进一步分化,这种观点却没有得到广泛报导。

4. addict:使沉湎、使入迷。

5.他说自己就像一个酒鬼,适量控制上网时间对他来讲是不可能的。alcoholic:饮酒过度的人,嗜酒者。

6. binge:无节制的狂热行为。

7. skew:歪曲,曲解。

8. mantra:(印度教和大乘佛教中的)曼特罗,祷文。作者用以喻指发展是当时社会的主题,是被经常提及同时又是人们所推崇的。

9.有些人上网时可能还会面临一个认知超载的问题。意思是网上的资料太多了。cognitive overload:认知的超载。

10. place:位置,地位。

11.在我看来,我们所生活的社会重视即时利益高于一切,而没有什么地方能比网络空间让人更快获得即时利益,因为在网络世界里你可以随心所欲。gratification:可以从中获得利益或乐趣等的事物。oyster:满足,给人快意的物(原因)。

12.Utopia:乌托邦,理想中最美好的社会。


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