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Lesson 3：Madame Curie(2)

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/07/22 15:44 新浪教育

　　Polonium and radium were important discoveries. Polonium is used to set off a nuclear bomb. Radium, because of its powerful radioactive rays, can go deepinto the human body. Scientists soon discovered that it could be used as a cure for cancer. In 1903 Marie and Pierre Curie were given the Nobel Prize for Physics.

　　However, there is also a disadvantage which was not discovered for many years. Radioactive matter is dangerous to work with because it has a bad effecton the blood. Pierre and Marie noticed that after years of working with radioactive matter their bodies ached and their hands suffered too. In fact, radium not onlydamaged their health, but also made the laboratory equipment with which they were working radioactive.

　　Three of the Curies' notebooks were considered to be too radioactive to touch seventyfive years after they were written. In 1906 Pierre died in a roadaccident. Marie was deeply shocked by Pierre's death, but was determined to go on working. Soon after the accident, she was given Pierre's post at the

　　University of Paris as head of the Physics Department. So Marie Curie became the first woman in France to be a university professor. In 1911 she received a second Nobel Prize for her research, the first person in the world to receive two Nobel Prizes.

　　After the First World War Madame Curie travelled to the USA, where she was received by the President and given a gram of radium for her future work.

　　There were soon two Radium Institutes in the world, one in Paris and one in Warsaw. Marie was invited to many countries to give speeches about her work.

　　For the last ten years of her life she was almost blind. The radium with which she had worked for many years had caused blindnessand illness and finally a disease of the blood. She died in Paris at the age of 66.

　　Today she is remembered and admired as a scientist. But she is also remembered for her determination and courage, her willingness to share her knowledge, her interest in women's rights, and her medical service during the war.

　　钋和镭都是重要的发现。钋用来引爆核弹。镭具有很强的放射性，因而能深入到人的肌体。科学家很快就发现镭可以用来治疗癌症。1903年玛丽和皮埃尔被授予诺贝尔物理学奖。然而，(镭和钋)有一个缺点，这个缺点很多年未被发现。放射性物质是危险的，因为它对血液有不良影响。从事多年放射性物质的研究工作以后，皮埃尔和玛丽都注意到了这一点，他们都感到身体疼痛，手也受到了损伤。事实上，镭不仅损害了他们的健康，而且还使他们工作的实验室设备也都具有放射性了。

　　居里夫妇用过的三个笔记本，在经过75年后，还被认为具有太强的放射性而不能触摸。1906年皮埃尔死于一场车祸。皮埃尔的逝世令玛丽极为震惊，但是，她仍然决心继续工作。在事故发生之后不久，玛丽被授予皮埃尔的职位，在巴黎大学任物理系主任，于是玛丽-居里成为法国任大学教授的第一位女性。1911年由于她的研究，她再次获得诺贝尔奖，成为世界上第一位两次诺贝尔奖的获得者。第一次世界大战后，居里夫人去美国旅行，在那儿她受到了总统的接见，并被赠予一克镭，以供她今后工作之用。不久，在世界上就有了两个镭研究所，一个在巴黎，一个在华沙。玛丽应邀去过很多国家讲学，谈她的研究工作情况。在她生命的最后十年里，她几乎失明了。她多年来从事研究的镭使她失明、生病，最后还得了血液病。她在巴黎去世，享年66岁。

　　今天，她作为科学家，受到了人们的纪念和赞赏。人们还怀念她的决心和勇气，她乐意人们分享她的知识，她对妇女权利的关心，以及她在战争期间所提供的医疗服务。

第三课：居里夫人(二)之课文翻译

　　Writing/写作

　　Write one word in each gap.每个空格用一个单词填空。

　　( )1914 the First World War broke( )and Marie felt that she had been in the country long( )to be one of the French. She knew that Xrays could be used( )help doctors near the battlefields, she travelled ( )round France collecting money( )provide trucks( ) Xray equipment.Then she went to companies and( )them to produce the equipment. When this was done, she returned to Paris to train women ( )to use it. Altogether,her efforts( )the war provided 200 Xray trucks, and a single ( )year, Xrays were taken( )more ( )1.1 million soldiers.

　　1914年第一次世界大战爆发，玛丽觉得她在法国呆得时间够长了，足可以成为一个法国人。她知道X射线可以用来帮助战地医生，于是她在法国各地奔走，募集资金，用来购买配备有X射线设备的卡车。后来她奔走于几家公司，提议他们生产这种设备。做完这些后，她回到巴黎培训妇女如何使用这种设备。她在战争期间竭尽全力，共提供了200辆配备有X射线仪器的卡车，一年中为110万士兵照射了X射线。

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