请看NMET2003第37小题：

　　When Ed firs phoned and ____ we play,I laughed quietly,figuring on an easy victory.

　　A.declared B.mentioned C.persuaded D.suggested

　　析：解该题需从两个方面入手。首先，从上文的phone d可知，Ed要约我去打墙网球，故选suggested(建议)。从另一个角度看，四个选项都为过去式，而后面的宾语从句为we play这种虚拟句式。我们知道，只有表"建议"、"命令"、"要求"等意义的动词后面才能跟(should)do的虚拟句式，故选D。

　　谓语动词须用(should)do的虚拟语气句式(我们简称为should do句型)，贯穿于高中教材的始末，频频出现在宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句及表语从句中。现为同学们总结如下，希望会对同学们的学习有所帮助。

　　1.表示"坚持(insist,urge)，命令(order ,command)，建议(advise,suggest,propose)，要求(ask,beg,urge,require,request,demand)，决心(decide,determine)，同意(agree)，安排(arrange)"等意义的动词引导的宾语从句的谓语须用should do的形式，should可以省略。例如：

　　They agreed that the roof(should)be repaired.他们同意应该修理屋顶了。

　　They arranged that the new mayor(should)be met at the airport.他们安排在机场迎接新市长。

　　注意：含有以上动词所引导的主语从句的谓语也要用(should)do的形式。例如：

　　It's ordered that they(should)arrive at the front before dawn.他们接到命令，天亮前务必赶到前线。

　　再者：由以上动词转化来的名词所引导的同位语从句的谓语也要用(should)do的形式。例如：

　　It's a good suggestion that the meeting(should)be put off till next week.会议推迟到下周真是个好建议。

　　2."be anxious"及"be determined"所引导的从句的谓语须用(should)do的形式。例如：

　　They are determined that they(should)keep SARS under control in this are a.他们决心将该地区的SARS疾病控制住。

　　3.在句型"It is /was＋形容词＋that从句"中，如果形容词是important,necessary,natural,better ,reasonable,fair ,just,right,advisable,desirable等时，那么that引导的主语从句的谓语就应该用should do的形式，有时省略should。例如：

　　It's better that he(should)hear it from you.最好他从你那儿听到这件事。

　　It's advisable that everyone(should)have a map.有人建议每人都要有一份地图。

　　4.若句型"It is /was＋形容词＋that从句"中的形容词是表示"惊诧""疑惑"意义的形容词，如strange,surprising,shocking,amazing等，那么该主语从句的谓语就要用(should)do的形式，should可以省略。例如：

　　It's surprising that we(should)be short of water in a country Where it often rains .在一个多雨的国家，我们竟然缺水，真是奇怪。

　　It's amazing that s he(should)haves aid nothing about the murder.她竟然对那起谋杀案只字未提，真令人费解。

　　注意：若以上句型中的形容词变成相应意义的名词，如surprise,wonder,amazement等，那么that引导的从句也应该用(should)do的形式。例如：

　　It's a great surprise that he(should)read ten books a day.他竟然能一天读十本书，真令人吃惊。

　　再者：若上面的形容词变成相应的表示人的形容词，如surprised,shocked,amazed等，那么该形容词引导的从句的谓语也要用(should)do的形式。例如：

　　I'm surprised that you(should)speak in such away.我很惊讶你居然用那种口气说话。

　　5.should用在can't think why，don't know why,see no reason why等后面，表示说话人对假设的合理性或正确性持怀疑态度，此时should不能省略。例如：

　　I don't know Why you should think that I did it.我想不通，为什么你认为是我做了这件事。

　　I see no reason Why you should interfere in their quarrel.我不明白为什么你涉入他们的争吵。

　　注意：在这些句型中，通常用不定式的完成式来表示对过去的假设。例如：

　　I can't think Why he should have said that it was my fault.我不明白他为什么说那是我的错。

　　6.should习惯上与疑问词what,where，who，why等连用，表示"意外，纳闷，惊讶"，使惊异表达得富于戏剧性，此时should不能省略。例如：

　　Why should you think that way?你怎么能那么想呢？

　　Who should come in but my old friend Betty!我以为是谁进来了，原来是我的老朋友贝蒂呀！

　　7.should用在lest或in case之后的从句中。例如：

　　(1)书面语中lest...should有时用在表示恐慌或焦虑的词语后面。例如：

　　He was terrified lest /in case he should slip on the ice .他害怕在冰上滑倒了。

　　注意：如果这种焦虑与先前的某个动作有关，则用"should＋have done"的形式。例如：

　　She began to be worried lest /in case he should have met with some accident.她开始担心万一他出了什么事故。

　　(2)lest也可用在目的状语从句中，意为"for fear that"。例如：

　　He dare d not to spend the money lest /in case some one should as k Where he had got it.他不敢花这钱，惟恐别人问及钱的来路。

　　He ran aw ay le s t /in case he should bear rested.他害怕被捉住，就跑掉了。

　　8.should用在条件句中，代替现在时态，表示该动作虽然有可能发生，但可能性不大。它通常与一个祈使句连用，主要用于书面的说明文字中。例如：

　　If the pain should re turn，take another of the s e pills .如果再痛的话，就再吃一片药。

　　If the s e biscuits should arrive in a damaged condition,please inform the factory at once .如果发现这些饼干在购进时有问题，那么就要立即通知厂方。

　　注意：在这类句型中，我们可把should放在句首，省去if。例如：

　　Should you require anything,please call me.如果你需要什么东西，请叫我一声。

　　相似句型辨析练习：

　　1.He insisted that he ____ not anything wrong and that he ____ not be put in prison.

　　A.did;do;would B.have ;done ;should

　　C.has ;done ;／D.did;do;should

　　2.(1)It's a wonder that he ____ forty miles on a snowy night.

　　A.covers B.covered C.should cover D.would cover

　　(2)It's a fact that he ____ forty miles on a snowy night.

　　A.had covered B.covered

　　C.should cove r D.would cover

　　3.(1)I'm amazed that you ____ even suggest offering bribes(行贿).

　　A.ought to B.must C.might D.should

　　(2)I'm sure that you ____ offering bribes .

　　A.should suggest B.suggest C.suggested D.would suggest

　　4.(1)-They think that you have done wrong to them.

　　-I don't know Why they ____ think that.

　　A.should B.dare C.could D.will

　　(2)-I have been working here for five days.

　　-I didn't know you ____ here.

　　A.should B.were C.should be D.could be

　　5.(1)It's suggested that he go there alone but he advised that another person ____ be sent with him .

　　A.should;would B.should;/

　　C.would;should D.would;/

　　(2)It's reported that they the y destroy all the nuclear weapons .

　　A.w ill B.should C.have D./

　　6.(1)It's a good idea that we ____ go hiking this Sunday.

　　A.will B./ C.would D.shall

　　(2)It's a welcome message that our class ____ the basketball match.

　　A.should w in B.had won C.win D.have won

　　Keys：1.C2.(1)C；(2)B3.(1)D；(2)C4.(1)A；(2)B5.(1)B；(2)A6.(1)B；(2)D

　　(文/山东沂南胡伟芳孔祥法；英语通高三版2003学年第11期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)