有人说,学习是件苦差事,复习则更是让人不胜其烦。果真如此吗?请同学们点击本刊专为初三朋友们精心策划的"上网、查缺、经典重温"三不误节目,谈笑间,把知识留住,将烦恼消除,不亦乐乎?

　　主持人:大家好!欢迎点击"复习快乐有约"!欲结识身手不凡。以少胜多的"特种部队"吗。!请登录--

　　一、合成词汇展厅

　　合成词,又名复合词,因由两词(或多词)合并成一词(词与词之间也可以有连字符)而得名;其中合成名词是标准的大家庭,其次是合成形容词,合成介词、副词、数词等也"人才辈出"。

　　A.合成名词网页grandchildren / parent(s), afternoon, volleyball, washroom, policeman/woman, keyboard, goodbye, wardrobe, pencilbox, postman, breakfast, etc.

　　B.合成形容词网页English-speaking, Chinese-English, etc.

　　C.其它合成词网页something, everybody, sometimes, twenty-first, yourself, etc.

　　主持人:春天到,杨柳青青数枝发--英语中也有不少"词干"通过加前缀或后缀,"长出"串串"派生词"!请瞧好了--

　　二、派生词小观园

　　所谓派生词,就是由词根加前缀或后缀重组而成:如like(像)-unlike(不像) [加前缀,一般不导致词类(性)转变,而只是引起意义上的变化,故有加前缀便可能构成反义词之说];near(adj.)-nearly(adv.)[加后缀,意义变化不大,只改变了词类(性)];其中以名词?形容词的后缀最多,加上副词?数词的后缀合称四大常见(名)后缀?

　　A.后缀主页其中以名词(像-ness,-tion,-ian,-ure,-ing等)?形容词的后缀(像-ful,-ed,-less,-able等)居多;与副词(-ly)?数词(像-teen,-ty,-th等)的后缀合称"四大名缀"。

　　a.名词后缀网页good-goodness; play-player; America-American; build-building; please-pleasure; different-difference; etc.

　　b.形容词后缀网页friend-friendly; England-English; close-closed; etc.

　　c.副词?数词等后缀网页certain-certainly; eight-eighteen-eighty-eighteenth; etc.

　　B.前缀主页like-dislike; happy-unhappy; etc.

　　主持人:词汇大家族里还有不少"双重身份"者:它们既服役于此词类,一转身又去另一方面军效劳,人称"转化词或兼类词"。眼见为实,一起去看看--

　　三、转化词全家福

　　A.动词--名词方队

　　water浇水/水,break打破/休息,go去/试,watch观看/手表,boat划船/船,cook煮饭/厨师, etc.

　　注:look,talk,rest,swim,try,read等动词常用于have/take a...结构中作名词。

　　B.动词--形容词方队open开/开着的,clean擦洗/干净的, etc.

　　C.名词--形容词方队

　　light灯/轻的。淡的(颜色), orange桔子?桔红色/桔红色的, Chinese中国人/汉语。中国的, etc.

　　D.其它转化词方队dear亲爱的/昂贵的,like喜欢/像, etc.

　　注:多数词仅词性变化,如:work v. &n.工作,yellow adj. &n.黄色(的),thank v. &n.感谢,that pron. &adj.那(个), etc.

　　四、体验性自测题:

　　做罢下列三种"体验性自测题",相信大家定能从构词法的特点中获益多多,并积极运用于平时的知识识记中!

　　⒈形同意不同:仔细观察转化词转化前后的区别。

　　(1) a. He is strong enough to lift the heavy box. (v. )

　　b. He often uses a lift to go up and down. (n. )

　　(2) a. How kind you are!(adj. )

　　b. This kind of cakes tastes so nice. (n. )

　　(3) a. Isn't a ball round? (adj. )

　　b. The earth goes round the sun. (adv. )

　　(4) a. My father is a good cook. (n. )

　　b. My father likes to cook himself today. (v. )

　　⒉变变变:请看派生构词法如何让个个平时熟悉的单词"身随境变"。

　　(1) How________(interest)!He is________(interest) in________(play) football too.

　　(2) You are too________(care). How can you leave the two babies all by________(they).

　　(3) The three________(America) are very________(happy) because the loud noise woke them up from time to time.

　　(4) July is the________(seven) month of the year, and it's also the________(hot)one in China.

　　参考答案：

　　⒈(1)a.举起b.电梯(2)a.和气,好心的b.种类(3)a.圆的b.围绕(4)a.厨师b.煮饭、炒菜

　　⒉(1)interesting, interested, playing (2)careless, themselves (3)Americans, unhappy (4)seventh, hottest

　　(文/李守锡；英语通2004年第1期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)