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新浪首页 > 新浪教育 > 《新概念英语经典课堂》 > Lesson 19-20

Lesson 19-20
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/04/01 14:37  中国人民大学出版社

  Part one-language points

  Notes to the text:

  1:What's the matter?怎么啦?

  a)What's the matter = What is the matter用于询问发生了什么事。有同样功能的句子还有what's wrong?

  Eg:1)What's the matter with Tom? Tom怎么啦?

  2)What's wrong with you?你怎么啦?

  b) Matter n.

  1)物质;物体

  eg:1)printed matter印刷品

  2)postal matter邮件

  3)Everything we can see and touch is made up of matter.

  我们能看见和摸到的每件东西都由物质组成。

  4)M-exists in three states: solid, liquid and gas.

  物质以三种状态存在:固态、液态和气态。

  2)内容;素材

  eg:1)subject matter题材;题目;论题

  2)The matter in your essay is excellent but the style is deplorable.

  你的文章内容不错,但是文体很糟。

  3)事情;问题

  eg:1)This is a matter of no account.这是一件无关紧要的事。

  2)I can't see the visitors right now. I have an urgent matter to attend to.

  现在我不能接见客人,因为我有一件急事要办。

  3)I have an important matter to talk to you about.我有件重要的事要和你谈谈。

  4)decisions of little matter无关重要的决定

  5)a matter of ten minutes约十分钟

  6)matter of urgency紧急事项

  7)It was a matter of life and death for them.这对他们来说是生死攸关的问题。

  8)M-s went rapidly from bad to worse.情况急遽每况愈下。

  4)困难;毛病;麻烦

  5)文件资料

  eg:reading matter阅读材料

  6)脓

  习惯用语:

  1)a matter of大约,大概...的问题

  eg:1)a matter of course当然的事

  2)a matter of opinion看法不同的问题

  3)as a matter of convenience为方便起见

  4)as a matter of course自然,不用说,照例

  5)as a matter of fact实际上,不瞒你说,确实,事实是

  6)as a matter of record根据所报数据

  7)as a matter of routine作为例行公事;按常规

  2)as matters stand [as the matter stands]照目前的情况

  3)carry matters with a high hand采取高压手段;专横跋扈

  4)face a [the] matter out坚持到底,不让步;厚颜无耻地应付过去

  5)for that matter (=for the matter of that)关于那一点,就此而言,对此,就那件事而论

  6)in matter of与...有关

  7)in the matter of至于;关于,在...方面

  8)it is no matter that ...是无关紧要的

  9)let the matter drop [go, rest]听任事情自然发展

  10)make a matter大惊小怪,引起一场风波

  11)make matters [it] worse更坏的是,更糟的是

  12)make sth. a matter of conscience凭良心做某事

  13)matter at issue争论点;正在讨论的问题

  14)no laughing matter不是闹着玩的事

  15)no matter不要紧,没关系

  16)no matter how [what, when, where, who]不管怎样[什么,何时,哪里,谁]...

  17)not (to) mince matters直言不讳地说,坦率地说

  18)take up a matterwith和...交涉

  19)the matter有问题,有毛病

  20)What matter ...?又有什么要紧?

  21)what matter if即使...又何妨

  22)What's the matter?[口]怎么回事?出了什么事?

  23)What's the matter with ...?[口]...怎么啦? ...出了什么事? ...生了什么病?

  2:We are tired and thirsty,mum.我们累了渴了,妈妈。

  A)tired adj.

  1)疲乏的,疲倦的;劳累的

  eg:1)tired as a dog[美]累极了

  2)be tired out累得要死,累极了

  3)feel tired觉得疲倦

  4)He was too tired to go any further.他累得一步也挪不动了。

  5)I felt tired after work.我下班之后很疲劳。

  6)Tired as he was, Peter tried to finish all the homework that day.

  尽管彼得很累了,他还是努力完成当天的所有家庭作业。

  7)The boys felt tired so they put out the fire and crept into their tent.

  孩子们感到累了,所以他们扑灭了火,爬进了帐篷。

  2)(感到)厌烦的,厌倦的

  eg:1)a tired old dress破旧的衣服

  2)You make me tired.你烦死我了。

  3)I'm tired of your conversation.你的讲话我听腻了。

  4)Everybody's tired of your everlasting complaints!大家对你喋喋不休的抱怨感到厌倦了。

  B)thirsty adj.

  1)渴的,口渴的

  eg:1)a thirsty soul酒徒

  2)thirsty fields干旱的田地

  3)thirsty food使人口渴的食物

  4)They were all thirsty.他们都渴了。

  5)I often feel thirsty when it's very hot.天热时我常感到口渴。

  2)使口渴的(常与for, after连用)渴望的,热望的

  eg:He is thirsty for power.他渴望掌权。

  3:Sit down here.坐在这里。

  Sit vi, vt

  1)坐

  eg:1)He sat in a chair.他坐在椅子里。

  2)I'd rather sit in the circle than in the stalls.我宁可坐楼厅不坐正厅前排。

  3)Others sit around and talk or sing还有些少年围坐在一起聊天或唱歌。

  Mother sat by her sick baby all night.母亲整夜坐在她有病的婴儿身边。

  2)使坐下,就坐

  eg:1)Just sit me up a little.使我坐直一些。

  2)Please sit down.请坐。

  3)(野兽和鸟)栖息,蹲坐

  eg:Birds were sitting on the wires.鸟在电线上栖息。

  4)任公职;在某一官方组织中占一席位

  eg:1)sit in Congress任国会议员

  2)sit with a friend's baby当朋友婴孩的临时保姆

  3)He sits on several committees.他在好几个委员会任职。

  5)(官方团体)开会;开庭

  eg:1)The court sits next month.法庭下月开庭。

  2)Parliament will sit in autumn.国会将于秋季召开。

  6)位于,坐落,置于(不动)

  eg:The city sits on a hill.此城坐落在一座小山上。

  7)(为了让人照像或画像)摆姿势

  eg:sit for a portrait坐着供人画像

  8)参加考试

  eg:sit for an examination参加考试

  9)(母鸡)孵蛋

  eg:The hen was sitting on her eggs.母鸡正在孵蛋。

  常用词组:

  1)sit for (代表某地)当国会议员

  2)sit in (在会议或工作中)代替,取代,代理,参加静坐抗议

  3)sit in on (在会议或其他场合)旁听,旁观

  4)sit on拖延;搁置,压制言论;抑制行动

  eg:They sat on appropriation plans until they were certain which way winds were blowing.

  他们把拨款计划搁置起来,直到他们确定了事情的趋势为止。

  5)sit out

  (在舞会上)自始至终坐着,不参加;置身事外(对表演等)坐到演完而并不欣赏(= sit through)

  6)sit with帮助护理(病人)

  Difference:

  1:tired weary exhausted的区别:意思都含"累的"、"疲倦的"。

  1)tired系常用词,泛指"由于劳动过度、工作紧张、休息不足或其他原因而导致疲乏的",如:

  I'm tired with walking.我走路走累了。

  2)weary指"由于连续不断地进行某项活动而引起疲劳,以致感到厌烦的", ,如:

  At length, weary with wandering, they fell asleep.最后,因为游逛得很疲乏,他们都睡着了。

  3)exhausted指"筋疲力尽的",如:

  Her strength was exhausted and she fell back on the pillow.她筋疲力尽,又躺在枕头上。

  2:matter affair thing concern business的区别:这组名词都有"事情"的意思。

  1)matter所表示的"事情"在含意上比较模糊,通常指客观存在的或有待处理的问题

  eg:Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.

  荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

  2)affair以单数形式出现时,通常指一般的"事情",而以复数形式出现时,通常指重大的"事情"。不管单、复数这个词所表示的"事情"都包含着"在进行中"、"处在过程中"或"交易、交往"的意思。

  Eg:1)Having found out that his wife had an affair with another man, the poor man wanted to kill himself.

  那个可怜的男人由于发现他的妻子与另一个男子有私情而想自杀。

  2)Convenience is, however, in all affairs of life, an execrable test of value.

  然而,在生活的一切事务中投合是可恶的实用准则。

  3)thing在含义上比matter还要模糊,有时为了含糊其词而有意用thing。

  Eg:1)I hope things'll be better in the future.

  2)The most frightening thing of all was that not a sound could be heard.

  最为吓人的事情是一点声音也听不到。

  4)business所表示的"事情"或"事务"多与"职务"有关,有时这个词指强加的"任务"。口语中的"None of your business!"(这不是你的事!)以及"Mind your own business!"(多管闲事!),很能说明business的这种含义

  eg:Be that as it may, the nerve poison does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison.

  尽管如此,神经毒液毒杀人类比血毒液快得多。

  5)如果想表示个人的或者与个人有直接关系的"事情",最好用concern,这与concern在用作动词所表示的"关心"有联系

  eg:It's no concern of mine.这不关我的事。

  Grammar:

  一:there be j结构

  1: There is的用法

  a:主语是单数名词时用there is

  There is +单数名词+表示场所的词

  Eg:There is a bed in this room.这房间里有张床。

  b: 1)There is +不定主语+~ The +主语+is

  在there is的句型中,后面要加不定主语,即用冠词a加在名词前。如果主语为特定物,则用定冠词the加再名词前,并把句型改为

  2)The +主语+is

  eg:1)There is a book on the table.桌上有本书。

  2)The book is on the table.那本书在桌上。

  c: there的意思

  My school is there.这个句中的there表示为"那里"的意思,There is中的there则不是那里的意思。当我们要明确要表达"在那里有"的意思时,则必须重复使用there.

  Eg:here is a school there.那里有所学校。

  2: There is的疑问句与否定句

  There is的否定句是在is后面加not,疑问句是将is调到there的前面。

  Eg:There is not a bed in this room.这房间里没有一张床。

  3:Here的句型

  a: Here is是这里的意思

  eg:Here is a ticket for you.你要的车票在这里。

  二:人称代词

  1:人称代词的一般用法

  eg:1)Here is my friend.他是我朋友。

  2)It's me.是我。

  3)My dog likes him.我的狗喜欢他。

  A:作主语

  Eg:1)I like football.我喜欢足球。

  2)He is a student.他是一个学生。

  B:作表语

  eg:Who is there? It's me.是谁啊?是我。

  C:作宾语

  eg:1)Do you know him?你认识他吗?

  2)Come with me.跟我来。

  2:特殊用法的人称代词

  eg:1)It will rain tomorrow.明天会下雨。

  2)They speak English in the country.在那个国家,人们说英语。

  A: it的特殊用法

  一般情况下,it表示人以外的动物和东西,是单数名词的代词,译为"它"

  eg:Where is your car? It's over there.你的车在哪?它在那边。

  但在表示天气,时间,距离时,用it来代替,此时的it,并不表示为"它"。

  指天气:It was raining this morning.今天下午一直在下雨。

  指气候:It's cold in this room.这房间很冷。

  指时间:What time is it? It's six thirty.几点了?六点半。

  指距离:How far is it from here to the hospital?这儿到医院有多远?

  It's about three miles.大约三英里。

  B: we ,you, they的特殊用法

  we, you, they,有时本非指特定的人,译时不必译出"我们","你们","他们"。

  Eg:1)We had a heavy rain last week.上周下了场大雨。

  2)You don't see many foreigners here.这儿,人们见不到许多外国人。

  3)They speak English in Canada.在加拿大,人们说英语。

  Part two-language practices

  Key to the text:

  A.

  1. Those children are tired.那些孩子很累了。

  2. Their mother is tired, too.他们的妈妈也很累了。

  3. That ice cream man is very busy.那个卖冰激凌的很忙。

  4. His ice creams are very nice.他的冰激凌很好吃。

  5. What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.怎么啦,孩子们?我们很渴。

  6. What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.怎么啦,Tim?我很累。

  B.

  1. Are the children tired or thirsty?孩子们是累了还是口渴?

  They're not tired. They're thirsty.他们不累,他们是口渴了。

  2. Are the postmen cold or hot?邮递员冷还是热?

  They're not cold. They're hot.他们不冷,他们热。

  3. Are the hairdressers thin or fat?理发师是胖还是瘦?

  They're not thin. They're fat.他们不是瘦,他们很胖。

  4. Are the shoes small or big?鞋子小还是大?

  They're not small. They're big.他们不小,是大。

  5. Are the shops shut or open?商店是关还是开?

  They're not shut. They're open.他们没关,开着。

  6. Are his cases heavy or light?箱子重还是轻?

  They're not heavy. They're light.他们不重,很轻。

  7. Are grandmother and grandfather young or cold?祖父祖母年轻还是老了?

  They're not young. They're old.他们不年轻,他们老了。

  8. Are their hats old or new?他们的帽子是旧还是新?

  They're not old. They're new.他们不是旧的,他们是新的。

  9. Are the policemen short or tall?警察是矮还是高?

  They're not short. They're tall.他们不矮,他们是高的。

  10. Are his trousers short or long?他的袜子是短还是长?

  They're not short. They're long.他们不短,他们是长的。




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