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新浪首页 > 新浪教育 > 英语辅导报社专栏 > 英语通高二版:利用语境的情感性进行完形填空

英语通高二版:利用语境的情感性进行完形填空
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/04/23 21:08  英语辅导报

  信息推断

  完形填空是考查考生英语知识综合运用能力的试题,它主要考查考生对文意的发展、作者的意图和主人公心理动机的判断,而语境的情感性又是文意发展、作者意图和主人公心理动机的真实体现,因此利用语境的情感性可以巧妙地进行完形填空信息推断。请你--

  一、利用连词的情感性进行完形填空信息推断

  连词具有很强的情感性,分析其由条件、转折、让步、并列、递进、因果等逻辑关系所体现的情感性,可以巧妙推断完形填空所需信息。

  例1:As they walked, Mark discovered the boy's name was Bill, that he loved computer games and history, that he was having a lot of trouble with his other subjects and that he had just broken _______ with his girlfriend. (NMET2003北京春季高考完形填空题片断,不保留原题号,下同。)

  A.up B.out C.off D.away

  析:A.and具有递进性,表示情感的进一步浓烈。and前面的语境表示这个男孩学历史以外的其它学科有很大困难,这就暗示着男孩此刻心情一定不快。and表达男孩雪上加霜的糟糕心情:他最近刚和女朋友分了手。

  例2:The parade was full of sound and colour. But when John and his fellow soldiers came in sight, some of the people watching couldn't help laughing at the one who couldn't keep pace with the others as they marched along.

  But Ella Fant, who was filled with ______ , shouted at the top of her voice:"Look at them! They're all out of step except my John!"(NMET 1998完形填空题片断)

  A. sadness B. happiness C. surprise D. regret

  析:B.but前面内容显示Ella Fant的儿子一人掉队。but表转折性语境,暗示着Ella Fant对儿子的不良表现不但不感到难过反而感到得意,映衬着众人皆醒惟她独醉的尴尬局面。

  二、利用副词的情感性进行完形填空信息推断

  不少副词具有强烈的情感性,反映出主人公对特定人或事的感情和态度。这样的副词常见的有only,even,still,yet,already等。利用这些副词的情感性有助于预测主人公的心理状态和行为动作。

  例1:On the night of the play, Jack was at the theatre early and he was already dressed in a policeman's clothes long ______ the end of the first scene. (MET 1991完形填空题片断)

  A. before B.by C.after D.at

  析: A.already具有很强的情感性,说明杰克对扮演警察这一角色非常渴望,甚至有点迫不及待,因此在第一幕结束前很久就已穿上了警服。

  当然我们也可以利用语境的情感性来反推应使用何种情感性副词传达文意。

  例2:After a hard day in the laboratory, the chimpanzee(黑猩猩) goes home.There she plays with her toys. She _______ enjoys watching TV before going to bed. (NMET 1995完形填空题片断)

  A.quite B.already C.even D.still

  析:C.对于一个猩猩来说玩玩具已令人称奇了,而喜欢在上床睡觉之前看电视就更令人感到不可思议。显然,后者程度远甚于前者,应用even来加强令人称奇的程度。

  例3:They knew that no fire on earth can _______ damage a perfect diamond. (NMET 1993完形填空题片断)

  A. almost B. even C. just D. ever

  析:D.该句语境为:从来没有一场火灾曾经烧毁过真正的钻石,因此应填情感性副词ever来表曾经,强调主语对自己观点的肯定。

  三、利用褒贬语境的情感性进行完形填空信息推断

  任何完形填空文章语境都具有一定的褒贬性,它反映了作者或主人公特定的情绪状态,并支撑着文意的发展,因此利用褒贬性语境的情感性可以巧妙进行完形填空信息推断。

  请看2003年高考英语完形填空题.(保留原题号)

  I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most 36 and tiring games I've ever had. When Ed first phoned and 37 we play. I laughed quietly, figuring on an 38 victory. After all Ed's idea of 39 has always been nothing more 40 than lifting a fork to his mouth. 41 I can remember, Ed's been the least physically fit member in the family, and 42 proud of himself. His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. So when Ed 45 for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly 46 . I was so surprised that I was 47 . My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. 48 , at the point in our game when I'd have predicted(预计) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was 49 7 to 9-and Ed was 50 . The sudden realization was painful. We 51 to play like two mad men. When the score was 16 up. I was having serious 52 about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone 53 that many points. When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to 54 . In a way, I think we both won: I the game, but cousin Ed my 55 .

  36.A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular

  37. A. declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested

  38. A. unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early

  39. A. exercise B. preparation C. joy D. fitness

  40. A. time-saving B. comfortable C. suitable D. effort-making

  41. A. As soon as B. As long as C. When D. Since

  42. A. strangely B. personally C. reasonably D. eagerly

  43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked

  44. A. clean B. larger C. straight D. darker

  45. A. set out B. got ready C. arrived D. returned

  46. A. notice B. admire C. believe D. measure

  47. A. nervous B. curious C. careless D. speechless

  48. A. After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last

  49. A. mistakenly B. then C. instead D. naturally

  50. A. leading B. coming C. waiting D. counting

  51. A. pretended B. stopped C. continued D. decided

  52. A. thoughts B. doubts C. situations D. problems

  53. A. scoring B. completing C. receiving D. keeping

  54. A. play B. start C. sleep D. move

  55. A. friendship B. respect C. support D. favor

  Key: 36-40 CDCAD 41-45 BADBC 46-50 ADBCA 51-55 CBADB

  认真阅读分析原文可知,本文介绍主人公与Ed在网球比赛过程中优劣、胜败形势的转化,褒贬性语境具有明显的交叉性、可逆性和情感性.主人公赛前预测自己将处上风,无需做任何准备就能取胜,但比赛过程中Ed因准备充分而渐处上风,比赛虽以主人公勉强取胜告终,但其骄傲得意已荡然无存,而Ed虽败犹荣,令人敬佩。

  在这种褒贬性情感语境的支配下,38题的easy;40题的effort-making;42题的strangely;43题的joked;44题的larger体现了主人公以为万事皆备只欠东风的优势心理,而这种有利形势正是Ed的不利形势。47题的speechless;48题的As a result;49题的instead;50题的leading;51题的continued;52题的doubts体现了主人公的处境由优势向劣势转变,Ed的处境由劣势向优势转变。

  (文/郝昌明;英语通高二版2004年第3期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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