英语辅导:中学英语中常见的一些暗否定表达 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/04/23 21:13 英语辅导报 |
英语中的否定结构大体分为两类:明否定和暗否定。在中学英语中暗否定的表达并不少见。明否定的句子意思表达较明显,而对于一些暗否定的句子,学生往往对句意理解不清。这里简述一下中学英语中几种常见的暗否定表达。 1. He is the last man for me to invite.再怎么说我也不会邀请他。 This was the last thing I would do.我最不愿意做此事。 在这两句中last表示否定意义,该词常用于the last+n. (...)+to do/the attributive clause结构中,表示"最不可能的,怎么说也不会的"。再如: He is the last person I'd have expected to see here.他是我决没有料到会在这里见面的人。 2. He failed to follow my advice.他没有遵从我的建议。 fail to do=be unable to do"未能……,没有……";not/never fail to do"一定,务必"。例如: I never fail to keep my word. (I keep my word without fail. )我一定守信。 3. He is above such conduct.他不屑于这种举动。 He is not above asking questions.他不耻下问。 somebody+be above+n. /V-ing=somebody+be unwilling to do sth."不屑,不耻于" 4. He is far from a good driver.他远远不是一名好的驾驶员。 I'm far from pleased with your behaviour.我对你的表现很不满意。 far from"远远不,一点也不" 5. That old bridge is anything but safe.那座桥一点也不安全。 anything but"根本不,决不,一点也不" 6. John is more a scholar than a teacher.与其说约翰是位教师倒不如说他是个学者。 more... than"与其……倒不如……" 7. The town has changed beyond recognition.这个城镇已变得使人认不出来了。 It's beyond me why she married him.她为什么嫁给他,这我就不懂了。 beyond "超出……范围,非……可及" 8. But for your help, he would have failed.如果没有你的帮助,他不会成功的。 But for your help...=If you hadn't helped... but for "要不是,如果没有" 9. I know better than to quarrel with him.我不至于笨到和他吵架。 know better than to do"不至于笨到去做……" 10. We haven't seen each other since we were in the same company.自从我们不在同一家公司后,彼此一直未见过面。 在It is...since+延续性动词的句子中,从句所表达的时间应从该动词的动作或状态结束的时间算起。再如: It is about three years since my father smoked.我父亲戒烟大约已三年了。 11. It's too cold to go swimming.天气太冷,不能去游泳。 too...to"太……而不能" [注]此结构并非在所有的句子中都表示否定,当too前有only时,常与happy, glad, pleased, ready, easy等词连用,too表示"非常,很",后面的不定式表肯定。例如: We were only too pleased to be able to help. (我们很高兴能够帮忙。) (文/潘步东;英语通高三版2004年第3期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
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