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新浪首页 > 新浪教育 > 英语辅导报社专栏 > 英语辅导报高中一年级版:强调句型的考察热点

英语辅导报高中一年级版:强调句型的考察热点
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/05/24 10:59  英语辅导报

  强调句型是高中语法教学的一项重要内容,也是教学中的一个难点。尤其是其易与名词性从句、定语从句相混淆,就更增加了难度。现结合近年来高考、NEPCS(全国中学生英语能力竞赛)等剖析一下强调句型的考查热点,以期有助于同学们克服这一难点。

  一、考查对强调句型结构的识别

  强调句型的基本结构形式为:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom +句子的其余部分。如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等),用It is...that...。例如:

  1. It is the ability to do the job________matters not where you come from or what you are.

  A. oneB. that

  C. what D. it

  如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等),则用It was...that...。例如:

  2. It was between 1989 and 1999   great changes took place in our hometown.

  A. when

  B. that

  C. which

  D. because

  有时,be前可使用表示推测的情态动词构成复合结构。例如:

  It must be Peter who has let this secret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。

  It might be last night that they did their homework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。

  Key: 1. B 2. B

  二、考查强调句型的疑问句式

  变换句型是增加试题难度的手段之一,强调句型结构本身就让学生"有些糊涂",若再使用其疑问式就更有些让学生"头疼"了。但只要同学们从一开始学习时,就掌握得扎实、牢固,这些"纸老虎"就能一个个被你击溃!

  一般疑问句式:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分?

  特殊疑问句式:特殊疑问词+is/was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分?

  3. Was________his illness________he didn't go to see the film?

  A. necessary; when

  B. that important of; why

  C. even if; for

  D. it because of; that

  E. it although; then

  4. Was________that I saw last night at the corner?

  A. it youB. not you

  C. you D. that yourself

  Key: 3. D 4. A

  三、考查强调句型的易错点

  强调句型的学习、掌握中有很多难点,同时也是易错点,这些学生容易出错的地方,也是各种考试考查的重点和热点。这些易错点有:

  1)强调时间、地点、原因状语时,通常只使用that,而不能使用when,where,why。

  5. It was only when I reread his poems recently________I began to appreciate their beauty.

  A. untilB. thatC. whenD. so

  6. It was in Qingdao________I saw the sea for the first time.

  A. whatB. thatC. whenD. which

  7. It was because of bad weather________the football match had to be put off.

  A. so B. so that C. whyD. that

  以上三题均为强调句型,分别强调时间状语(only when I reread his poems recently)、地点状语(in Qingdao)和原因状语(because of bad weather),均只能使用that。

  2)当被强调的是not...until句型时,应将not置于until之前,主句由否定句改为肯定句。

  8. It was not until 1920________regular radio broadcast began.

  A. whileB. whichC. thatD. since

  Key: C

  3)强调主语时,谓语动词应与之保持一致。

  【误】 It is I who/ that is going to be sent there to help them.

  【正】 It is I who/ that am going to be sent there to help them.

  4) 强调主语或宾语且其为人称代词时,应注意其形式仍用主格或宾格形式。

  【误】It was her that told me about it.

  【正】It was she that told me about it.

  【误】It is I who the teacher has punished.

  【正】It is me whom the teacher has punished.

  四、考查强调句型与相关句型的辨析

  强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等相关句型混淆,故高考也常考查这方面的内容。例如:

  A. 与定语从句的辨析

  9. Was it during the Second World War________he died?

  A. that B. while

  C. in which D. then

  B.与名词性从句的辨析

  10. It was________he said________

  disappointed me.

  A. what; thatB. that; that

  C. what; whatD. that; what

  C. 与状语从句的辨析

  11. It was about 600 years ago  

  the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

  A. that B. until C. before D. when

  D. 与there be句型的辨析

  12.   is no possibility________Bob can win the first prize in the match.

  A. There; thatB. It; that

  C. There; whether D. It; whether A

  答案与简析:

  9. A。本题易错选C,以为是定语从句修饰the Second World War。

  10. A。本题同时考查强调句型和名词性从句这两个知识点,学生易错选C,认为两处均为名词性从句。

  11. A。本题易错选C和D,认为是时间状语从句或定语从句。判断是否强调句型的一个简易方法是"还原法",即看其能否删除"It is/was...(that/who/whom)..."部分后还原为一个单句。能者则是,不能者则不是。如上述9-11题分别可还原为:

  He died during the Second World War.

  What he said disappointed me.

  The first clock with a face and an hour hand was made about 600 years ago.

  12. A。本题为there be句型,而非强调句型。that引导的为同位语从句,作possibility的同位语。

  (文/王振祥;英语辅导报高中一年级版 03~04学年第38期; 版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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