新浪首页 > 新浪教育 > 《黑马英语同步阅读》 > unit 18 New Zealand

unit 18 New Zealand
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/11 10:53  新浪教育

  注意篇章纽带

  篇章纽带是表示句子中各意群之间或句子与句子之间的语义联系的结构词,如表示对比的but, however, although, while, even though, in spite of等;表示因果的 because, therefore, thus, so, that is why, as a result, for this reason等。确切理解这些篇章纽带所表示的上下文之间的关系,对句子、段落乃至整篇文章的理解都有很大帮助。如:

  The weather has a lot to do with our life. For one thing , our crops depend on it. They will suffer if it is too dry or too wet. So men have long hoped to find a way to get control of it. But their efforts have up to now produced little result.

  在这段文字中,for one thing 表示提供解释,if 表示假设,or 表示选择,so 表示因果,but表示转折。抓住这些连接词,实际上就抓住了这段文字语义联系的骨架,有助于我们对篇章的理解。

  Passage A

  阅读理解

  New Zealand lies in the South Pacific Ocean. It is made up of two large islands — North Island and South Island — and lots of smaller islands. The area of New Zealand is 270,534 sq km.

  New Zealand has very good conditions for agriculture. 66% of the land is good for farming. The farming can be on highland or lowland. Grass grows very well in wet climate, so most of the farming is animal farming. You can find sheep everywhere in the country. But farmers in rich lowland very often keep cattle, that is, cows for milk.

  Sheep farms cover a half of all the land in New Zealand. Only the very wet areas and the highest mountains are not good for sheep.① The sheep farms are called sheep stations. There are over 30,000 stations in North and South Islands, with sixty million sheep. The native grass of the country is not very rich. So the farmers get better grass seeds from Europe and America and plant good grass. The sheep give good meat and good wool. Most of the meat and wool is exported (出口). Until 1882 only the wool was exported. New Zealand farmers sold the wool to factories in Britain. The sea journey to Britain was very long and slow, so meat couldn't be exported. But in 1882 the refrigerator was invented, and the ship could keep the meat cold. So meat could be exported. Most of the meat exported today is lamb, not mutton. Lamb is the meat of young sheep, while mutton is the meat of fullygrown sheep.②

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. Where are the farms in New Zealand according to the passage?

  A. Only in wet areas.

  B. In the highest mountains.

  C. In North and South Islands.

  D. Only on highland.

  2. What do the farmers have to do when New Zealand is not rich in grass?

  A. Buy grass from other countries.

  B. Keep fewer sheep.

  C. Plant vegetables instead.

  D. Buy better grass seeds from other countries and sow them.

  3. What do farmers get money mainly from?

  A. Animal farming.B. Lamb export.

  C. Mutton export.D. Wool export.

  难句注释

  ① Only the very wet areas and the highest mountains are not good for sheep.

  只有非常潮湿的地区和高山地区不适合饲养绵羊。

  Total words:263

  Reading time:____

  Reading speed: ____

  ② fullygrown sheep 完全长大的绵羊。

  Passage B

  阅读理解

  Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships from some European nations in the seventeenth century. These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony (殖民地) than in exploring it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English who set up the colony in Australia.① The history and the geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well.

  Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich in soil. It was on the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward movement took place more because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing. The newly colonized western part of both countries developed quickly after gold was discovered in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.

  Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some great differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution (革命) while Australia won its independence without having to go to war. Australia, unlike the United States, was firstly turned into a colony for English prisoners and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States.② Yet, although there are these and other main differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world.

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. In the early history of America and Australia, both colonies developed towards the west mainly for the reason that ____.

  A. the population was increasing rapidly in the east

  B. the English thought there might be richer land there

  C. gold was discovered thereD. fewer people lived there

  2. Australia, unlike the United States,____ .

  A. won its independence by peaceful means

  B. did not discover gold until the late 1840s

  C. was the last and biggest continent to be discovered

  D. was not rich in gold in its western part

  3. What does the last sentence in the last paragraph mean?

  A. The United States and Australia do not have any main differences.

  B. The United States and Australia have much more in common than they have with other countries.

  C. The United States and Australia have nothing in common with the rest of the world.

  D. In common with the rest of the world, the United States and Australia have a lot of differences.

  难句注释

  ① As in the early history of the United States, it was the English who set up the colony in Australia.

  Total words:290

  Reading time:____

  Reading speed: ____

  像美国早年历史一样,也是英国人在澳大利亚建立了殖民地。

  It was...who/ that...是强调结构。

  ② By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States.

  例如,到1922年澳大利亚的羊的数量是当时人数的15倍,也就是说当时的羊的数量几乎是如今美国人口数的一半。

  Passage C

  阅读理解

  As I travel across China, I hope to learn as much as I can about the Chinese people, your history, and your dreams for the future and I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of Americas history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the dreams we hold for the 21st century.①

  I believe both Chinese and Americans desire for many of the same things — to provide for our families, to teach our children, to build our communities, to protect our earth, to shape our own futures, and to pass brighter possibilities on to our children.

  There may be those here and back in America who wonder whether closer ties and deeper friendship between America and China are good. Clearly, the answer is yes. We have a powerful ability to help each other grow. We can learn much from each other. And as two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world. The steps we take over the next week can lead to far greater paces for our people in the years ahead.

  Here in this city of your magnificent (辉煌的) history, we must always remember that we, too, are ancestors. Someday our children and their children will ask if we did all we could to build just societies and a more peaceful world. Let our monument be their judgement that we did.② Let our progress include all people, with all their differences, moving toward a common destiny (命运).

  Let us give new meaning to the words written in the ancient book of rites, what you call the Li Shi: When the great way is followed, all under heaven will be equal.

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. It becomes clear from the passage that____ .

  A. both China and America are the most powerful countries in the world

  B. both China and America should do something for the future of the world

  C. both China and America should plant more trees to protect our earth

  D. both China and America can provide their children with good education

  2. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?

  A. America will encourage their children to learn the Chinese history.

  B. The speaker is in the city with the magnificent Chinese history.

  C. Both Chinese and Americans share some desires and interests.

  D. The speaker wants Chinese to understand more of America's history.

  3. The underlined word “here” used in Paragraph 3 refers to “____”.

  A. in the cityB. in history

  C. at the collegeD. in China

  4. It can be inferred that the person who made the speech is a ____.

  A. scientist B. a political leader

  C. businessmanD. professor

  难句注释

  ① I hope to help the Chinese people understand more of Americas history, the lessons the American people have drawn from it, and the

  Total words:284

  Reading time:____

  Reading speed: ____

  dreams we hold for the 21st century. 我希望能帮助中国人民更多地了解美国的历史、了解美国人民从历史中获得的教训及我们拥有的对21世纪的梦想。

  ② Let our monument be their judgement that we did.

  让我们留下的业绩使他们看到我们确实做到了。

  Passage D

  完形填空

  The United States covers a large part of the North American continent.① Its 1 are Canada to the north, and Mexico 2 the south. Although the United States is a big 3 , it is not the largest in the world. In 1964, its 4 was over 185,000,000.

  When this 5 first became a nation, after 6 its independence (独立) from England, it had thirteen states. 7 was represented on the American flag by a 8 . All the states 9 in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew toward the 10 , new states were added and new stars 11 on the flag. For a long time there were 48 states. In 1959, however, two 12 stars were added to the flag, representing the new states 13 Alaska and Hawaii.

  Sometimes it is said that the 14 are “the only real Americans”. Most Americans, however, are descendants (后裔) of people 15 came from all over the world to find a new land. Those who came first and 16 greatest numbers to make their homes on the eastern coast of North America were mostly from 17 . It is for that 18 why the language of the United States is English and why its culture and custom are more likely those of England 19 of any 20 country in the world.②

  根据文章内容,选择正确答案:

  1. A. areasB. statesC. countriesD. neighbours

  2. A. by B. near C. to D. from

  3. A. nation B. country C. stateD. continent

  4. A. people B. area C. sizeD. population

  5. A. land B. state C. continentD. world

  6. A. founding B. being given C. havingD. winning

  7. A. One B. Some C. EachD. Every

  8. A. star B. moon C. satelliteD. planet

  9. A. were B. founded C. builtD. had

  10. A. east B. north C. southD. west

  11. A. placed B. appeared C. paintedD. printed

  12. A. least B. fewer C. moreD. little

  13. A. and B. between C. ofD. for

  14. A. American B. Indians C. EnglishmenD. Frenchmen

  15. A. who B. those C. theyD. whom

  16. A. in B. of C. onD. with

  17. A. Europe B. Asia C. EnglandD. Africa

  18. A. reason B. result C. conditionD. situation

  19. A. with B. than C. to D. without

  20. A. other B. else C. anotherD. one

  难句注释

  ① The United States covers a large part of the North American continent.

  美国占据了北美洲的大部分。

  ② It is for that reason why the language of the United States is English and why its culture and custom are more likely those of England than of any other country in the world.

  因此美国人使用的语言是英语,它的风俗文化很有可能就是英国的,而不是世界上任何其它国家的。

  Passage A

  新西兰位于太平洋西南部,农牧业在国民经济中占重要地位,全国有2/3土地适宜农牧,畜牧业发达,是世界最大的肉类和羊毛的输出国之一。

  1. C. 根据第三段第四句话“There are over 30,000..., with sixty million sheep.”可以得出答案。

  2. D. 见第三段中“So the farmers get better seeds...good grass.”。

  3. A. 见文章的第二段。

  Passage B

  本文比较了美国和澳大利亚早期作为英国殖民地的历史和发展。

  1. B. 由第二段第三句可知。注意,句中有“more...than...”结构,不要误选为A。

  2. A. 根据第三段第二句可知澳大利亚通过和平方式获得了独立。

  3. B. 两国之间的相同之处要多于这两国和其他国家之间的相同之处。

  Passage C

  本文是一位来自美国的领导人在中国的演讲。他真诚地希望中美两国人民互相理解尊重,互相学习借鉴,共创美好未来。

  1. B. 根据文中第三段中“And as two great nations, we have a special responsibility to the future of the world.”一句得出。

  2. A. B、C、D都可直接在文中找到答案。

  3. D. 因为“I”当时在中国,故选D。

  4. B. 由文章内容和语气推出演讲者是美国政府的高官。

  Passage D

  本文简要介绍了美国的一些情况。

  1. D. 根据下文可知这里指美国的邻国。

  2. C. 与前面的to the north相对应。

  3. B. country强调国土,nation表示人民,state着重政权。

  4. D. 由后面的数字可推知,主语指的是“人口”。

  5. A. land在此强调疆域。

  6. D. 本句意思为“从英国人手中赢得独立”。

  7. C. each强调个体,every着重整体。

  8. A. 国旗上每颗星代表一个州。

  9. A. 当时所有的州都在东部。

  10. D. 与上文the eastern part相呼应。

  11. B. 根据空格后面的词可知空格中只能选不及物动词。

  12. C. more意为“又;另加的”,与前面的48 states形成比较。

  13. C. 前后是同位关系,应用of。又如:the city of Beijing。

  14. B. 依据常识应是印第安人。

  15. A. 通过分析句子结构可知,空格后为一定语从句,修饰people。

  16. A. in numbers意为“大批地”,在结构上与first并列。

  17. C. 从下文的why从句中可知。

  18. A. for that reason是固定搭配,意思为“因为那个原因”。

  19. B. 从more likely可推知。

  20. A. 在比较状语中应注意将自身排除在外。

  1. Its neighbours are Canada to the north, and Mexico to the south.它北邻加拿大,南邻墨西哥。(Line 2, Passage D)

  “to the east of... ”中的to表示在某处范围之外,不强调是否接壤。如:

  Japan lies to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。(在范围外)

  “in the east of... ”中的in指在某处范围内。如:

  Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。(在范围内)

  “on the east of... ”中的on强调与某处接壤,此外,on还可以表示“在……河(湖)畔”。如:

  Jiangsu lies on the east of Anhui. 安徽东面与江苏相接壤。

  London lies on the River Thames. 伦敦在泰晤士河河畔。

  2. Those who came first and in greatest numbers to make their homes on the eastern coast of North America were mostly from England. 首先大批在北美东海岸安家的那些人大都来自于英国。(Line 13, Passage D)

  注意区分副词mostly 和almost 。

  mostly 主要地;大部分地。如:

  I write to her mostly on Sundays. 我大部分是在星期天给她写信。

  The students in our class are mostly boys. 我班学生大都是男生。(= Most of the students in our class are boys.)

  almost几乎;差不多。如:

  Hurry up — it's almost time for school. 赶快,差不多到上学时间了。

  They sold almost everything. 他们几乎把所有的东西都卖了。


评论



英语学习论坛】【 】【打印】【关闭
Annotation


新闻查询帮助

热 点 专 题
国青闯入亚青赛决赛
2004诺贝尔奖
雅尔北京音乐会
最新汽车降价信息
2004中华小姐环球大赛
中国高官参加七国会议
海军音乐剧《赤道雨》
你最喜爱大学校徽评选
全国万家餐馆网友热评



教育频道意见反馈留言板 电话:010-62630930-5178 欢迎批评指正

新浪简介 | About Sina | 广告服务 | 联系我们 | 招聘信息 | 网站律师 | SINA English | 会员注册 | 产品答疑

Copyright © 1996 - 2004 SINA Inc. All Rights Reserved

版权所有 新浪网
北京市通信公司提供网络带宽