大学英语辅导:CET-4形容词、副词考点透视 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/11 14:36 英语辅导报 |
当形容词、副词出现在英语句子中时,它们通常有三种语法形式:原级、比较级和最高级。这是就词形变化而言。如果把这三种语法形式用来对人或物的性状、数量进行比较,那就形成比较结构。大学英语四级考试与形容词、副词相关的考点主要是各种比较结构和比较级的一些特殊用法。 一、比较结构 1. as...as 结构 这一结构的基本模式是:as + 形容词或副词原级 + as-分句。例如: Mary is as tall as Alice. 玛丽与爱丽斯个子一般高。 He speaks English as fluently as his brother. 他说英语和他兄弟说得一样流利。 这一结构的另一基本模式是:as + many/much + 名词 + as-分句。例如: We have as much snow this year as last year. 我们这里今年下的雪和去年一样多。 [实考试题1] Most doctors recognize that medicine is________. A) an art as much it is a science B) as much an art as it is a science C) as an art as much it is a science D) much an art as it is a a science ( CET-4 1990. 6. ) [解析]正确答案为选项B。句意为"大多数科学家认为医学是一门科学也是一门艺术。" 根据"as + many/much + 名词 + as-分句"这一基本模式,只有选项B符合题句结构的要求。 2. more...than 结构 这一结构的基本模式是:(more + )形容词或副词比较级 + than-分句。例如: Mary is taller than Alice. 玛丽比爱丽斯个子高。 He speaks English more fluently than his brother. 他说英语比他兄弟说得流利。 [实考试题2] Certain programs work better for some________for others. A) and B) than C) as D) but ( CET-4 1995. 1. ) [解析]正确答案为选项B。句意为"某些方案对一些人好些,对另一些人差些。"句中better为well的比较级,根据句意,选项B符合题句语义和结构要求。 [实考试题3] There are few electronic applications________to raise fears regarding future employment opportunities than robots. A) likely B) more likely C) most likely D) much likely ( CET-4 1998. 6. ) [解析]正确答案为选项B。句意为"很少有其他电子设备能比机器人更引起人们对将来就业机会的担心。"句中涉及few electronic applications和robots之间的比较,根据句意,选项B符合题句语义和结构的要求。 [实考试题4] Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun ________sightseeing. A) than to go B) rather to go C) more than going D) other than going ( CET-4 2001. 6. ) [解析]正确答案为选项C。句意为"50年前,富人以狩猎为乐胜于观光。"句中涉及hunting wild animals和sightseeing之间的比较,根据句意,选项C符合题句语义和结构的要求。 3. 没有比较级形式的比较结构 有的形容词,如superior (质量或价值更好的);inferior (比……差,较劣的)等,由于本身已含有比较意义,因而它们没有比较级或最高级形式,用于比较结构时,也不用than,而用to。例如: Of the two books, I think this one is superior (to that). 就这两本书而言,我认为这本(比那本)更好。 His work is inferior to mine. 他的工作比我的差。 [实考试题5] Beethoven is my favorite musician, I regard him as________other musicians. A) superior toB) more superior than C) more superior to D) superior than ( CET-4 1994. 1. ) [解析]正确答案为选项A。句意为"贝多芬是我最喜爱的音乐家,我认为他比其他所有的音乐家都优秀。"只有选项A符合题句语义和结构的要求。 [实考试题6] Germans used to believe that all other races were inferior________them. A) thanB) forC) to D) from ( CET-4 1990. 6. ) [解析]正确答案为选项C。句意为"德国人过去认为,其他所有的民族都比他们低劣。"只有选项C符合题句语义和结构的要求。 4. 表示倍数的比较结构 表示倍数,有多种形式。"倍数 + as...as"结构就是其中常见的一种形式。例如: Ten is twice as much as five. 10是5的两倍。 The reservoir is three times as big as it was three years ago. 这个水库是三年前面积的三倍。 [实考试题7] Last year Mike earned his brother, though his brother has a better position. A) twice as much as B) twice as many as C) twice than D) twice as more as ( CET-4 1994. 6. ) [解析]正确答案为选项A。句意为"虽然迈克的兄弟有一个比他好的职位,但去年他比他兄弟多赚了一倍的钱。"只有选项A符合题句语义和结构的要求。 [实考试题8] Americans eat________as they actually need every day. A) twice as much protein B) twice protein as much twice C) twice protein as much D) protein as twice much ( CET-4 1998. 6. ) [解析]正确答案为选项A。句意为"美国人每天摄入的蛋白质是他们实际需要的两倍。"只有选项A符合题句语义和结构的要求。 二、比较级的特殊用法 形容词或副词的比较级用于一些特殊句型时,并不表示通常的比较意义。比较下面的句子: This room is not larger than that one. 这间房不比那间大。 This room is no larger than that one. 这间房和那间房都不大。 上述第一句是一般的more...than结构,第二句则不然, no larger than = as small as。又如: He is no more a writer than a painter. 他不是画家,也不是作家。 A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 马不是鱼,鲸也不是鱼。 The sooner, the better. 越快越好。 His success is not so much by talent as by energy. 他的成功与其说是由于才能,不如说是由于精力。 [实考试题9] He is________a writer as a reporter. A) moreB) rather C) not so much D) not much ( CET-4 1992. 1. ) [解析]正确答案为选项C。句意为"他与其说是个作家,倒不如说是个记者。""not so much...as"表示"与其说是……倒不如说"。因此,只有选项C符合题句语义和结构的要求。 (文/张国荣; 英语通大学英语四级考试版2004年第8期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
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