[要点透视一] 注意比较的对象

　　在进行比较时，比较的对象必须是同类事物，不是同类事物不能进行比较。如：

　　误：His bike is newer than his father.

　　正：His bike is newer than his father's (bike).

　　一般来说，进行比较的事物为了避免重复，than后面的比较对象常用that或those来代替。复数名词用those代替，不可数名词或单数名词用that代替。如：

　　In winter the weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou. 在冬天北京的天气比广州的天气冷些。

　　The pictures in the books are more beautiful than those on the wall.书上的画比墙上的好看一些。

　　[要点透视二]注意than后面人称代词的格

　　一般来讲，若在than后面的从句中起主语作用应用主格。例如：

　　I like you more than he.(=I like you more than he likes you.)我比他更喜欢你。

　　若在than后面的从句中起宾语作用应用宾格。例如：

　　I like you more than him. (=I like you more than I like him.)你和他相比，我更喜欢你。

　　但在口语中一般都用宾格。例如：

　　John's seven years older than me. 约翰比我大七岁。

　　He sings better than me. 他歌唱得比我好。

　　[要点透视三]注意比较的范围

　　当进行比较的双方在同一范围时，注意要在than后表示比较对象的名词前加上 other一词，将than前被比较的一方排除出去，否则，就会出现与自身相比较的矛盾现象。试译：

　　在我们班里英语比其他学科更受欢迎。

　　误：English is more popular than any subject in our class.

　　正：English is more popular than any other subject in our class.

　　这种句子在形式上是比较级，但在意义上却是最高级。通常同样的意思可以有多种表达方式。以"他在班上学习最用功"为例，可有以下几种译文：

　　He studies hardest in his class.

　　He studies harder than any other student in his class.

　　He studies harder than any of the

　　other students in his class.

　　He studies harder than all the other students in his class.

　　He studies harder than any of the

　　others in his class.

　　He studies harder than anyone else in his class.

　　He studies harder than the others in his class.

　　He studies harder than the other students in his class.

　　但是，若比较的双方不在同一范围内，则不必用other加以排斥了。如：

　　China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲任何国家都大。(中国不在非洲，故any后不用 other。)

　　[要点透视四] 注意比较级的修饰语

　　much, a little, even, a lot, still 等表示程度的副词可用来修饰比较级，而very, too, so和quite习惯上不用来修饰比较级。如：

　　误：I think science is very more difficult than Chinese.

　　正：I think science is much more difficult than Chinese.

　　但是当more 用来修饰或代替复数名词时，表示程度要用many修饰，而不用much。如：

　　误：There are much more books in this library than in that one.

　　正：There are many more books in this library than in that one.

　　[要点透视五]注意以-ly结尾的副词比较级、最高级的构成

　　以-ly结尾的副词比较级和最高级形式，一般在它们前面加 more, most构成，如more slowly, most slowly等。但early 的比较级和最高级，应把 y改为i ，再加-er， -est来构成。如：

　　误：Tom is always the most early one to get to school.

　　正：Tom is always the earliest one to get to school.

　　[巩固练习]

　　I. 用所给形容词和副词的适当形式填空。

　　1. She is _________(beautiful) than her sister.

　　2. Tom drives very _________(careful).

　　3. Who comes to school _________(early),Tom or Mary?

　　4. Miss Xiao is one of _________(popular)teachers in our school.

　　5. The Yellow River is the second _________(long) river in China.

　　6. Which is _________(big), the sun, the earth or the moon?

　　7. This coat is too _________(small). Have you got a _________(big) one?

　　II. 将下列句子译成英语。

　　1. 冬天长春的天气要比广州冷。

　　____________________________________________

　　2. 篮子里的这些桔子比桌子上的小。

　　____________________________________________

　　3. 李雷比班上其他任何一个同学都高。

　　____________________________________________

　　4. 我的书比他的多。

　　____________________________________________

　　5. 林涛比王芳高一点儿。

　　____________________________________________

　　《形容词与副词比较等级要点透视》参考答案

　　I.1. more beautiful 2. carefully 3. earlier

　　4. the most popular 5. longest 6. the biggest

　　7. small, bigger

　　II.1.The weather in Changchun in winter is colder than that in Guangzhou.

　　2.The oranges in the basket are smaller than those on the table.

　　3.Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

　　4. I have more books than he.

　　5. Lin Tao is a little taller than Wang Fang.

　　(文/郭克晴；英语通初二版2004年第8期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)