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Unit 17 The missing necklace
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/10/13 10:22  新浪教育

  选择型完形填空常见解题方法

  1.验证法。基础好、语感强的读者在阅读第一遍时,往往能顺口将短文中一些空白处被挖掉的词默读出来,可顺手用铅笔将其填在空白处,然后在解题时只须参看该题的四个选项,验证一下是否有这个词。这类空白往往与词组的固定搭配,或上下文的相互提示有关。

  2.排谬法。所谓排谬法就是将某一空白的四个选项中有明显错误的选项排除。用此法解题时,应主要从是否明显违背短文的中心思想、是否有语法错误(时态、语态、主谓一致、词性等等)、是否符合英语语言习惯等方面考虑。

  3.推理法。有些题的四个选项的语法或语言习惯均无明显错误以致难以排除错误,在此情况下可用推理法。一般可从四个方面对选项进行推理判断:①围绕中心思想,根据前后句、上下文以及段落之间的逻辑关系推理判断。特别需要注意那些表示转折或起到承上启下作用的连词和副词。②根据故事情节发展、人物的性格、文章的深层含义做进一步推断。③根据自己的生活常识和经验,对某些方面知识的了解来进行判断。④根据词语本身含义的差异或其在句子结构中作用及用法的不同进行判断。

  4.对比法。有的题在排除错误的选项后,往往剩下两个选项,无论从语法还是语言上考虑,都找不出错误来,且词义接近,差别甚微,因此难以做出选择。遇此情况,可将这两个选项分别放入原句的空白处进行比较,看哪一个更接近原文的中心思想,更合乎语言习惯,更合乎常理及逻辑,据此选择最佳答案。

  Passage 1

  一、阅读理解

  Mr Clarke was born in a small town of England.When he finished middle school, he found work in the police station and he has worked there for fortytwo years and hell retire (退休) this autumn.He tried to work hard in the past fortytwo years but he wasn't a lucky man and never caught a thief (贼).① He was often sorry for it.

  Last weekend, when Mrs Clarke was going to cook supper, she found there was no sugar.So she asked her husband to buy some in the shop near their house.He came into the shop and found a young man steal (偷) some money from a woman's bag.He ran to the thief quickly, but the young man found it and ran away at once.Mr Clarke ran after him.The thief ran into a blind alley (死胡同) and Mr Clarke caught him at last.

  “Please give me a chance (机会), sir.”said the young man.“I never stole before.”

  “Who will give me a chance?”said Mr Clarke.“I'll soon retire and I've caught a thief for the first time!”②

  ①He tried to work hard in the past fortytwo years but he wasn't a lucky man and never caught a thief.在过去的四十二年间,他努力工作,但他是一个不够幸运的人,从来没抓到一个贼。

  ②I'll soon retire and I've caught a thief for the first time! 我不久就要退休了,还是第一次抓住一个贼!

  根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

  1.Mr Clarke is ____ .

  A.American

  B.Australian

  C.English

  D.French

  2.Mr Clarke never caught a thief in fortytwo years because ____ .

  A.there were no thieves in the town

  B.he didn't work hard at all

  C.he wasn't lucky enough

  D.he wasn't a competent (称职的) policeman

  3.Mr Clarke ran to ____ .

  A.catch the young man

  B.help the woman

  C.buy some sugar

  D.pick up the money

  4.The young man ran into the blind alley because ____ .

  A.he lived there

  B.he had been there

  C.his friends were waiting for him there

  D.he didn't know the town well.

  5.Mr Clarke caught the thief because ____ .

  A.the young man had no place to run

  B.he became much stronger than before

  C.the young man was afraid of policemen

  D.the young man wanted to give him a chance

  6.Which of the following is TRUE?

  A.Mr Clarke will let the young man go.

  B.Mr Clarke will take the thief to the police.

  C.The young man will kill the old policeman.

  D.The young man will run away again.

  Passage 2

  二、阅读理解

  The police find most criminals(罪犯) because somebody tells them who the criminals are.They find other criminals by using science and their computers.When there is a bank robbery(抢劫), the police first look through their computers for the names of bank robbers(盗贼) they know about.① Then they go and talk to any of these robbers who are not in jail(监狱).They ask them where they were at the time of the robbery.If any of these people cannot give a good answer, the police will use science to find out if one of them is the robber.

  Many criminals leave something of themselves at the place of the crime like a fingerprint or a hair.② Or they take something away on their shoes or clothes, like dirt or the victim's hair.If they leave behind some of their blood or a hair or a piece of skin, it will have their DNA inside it.

  Everyone's DNA is different in the same way that their fingerprints are different.③ Therefore, if a criminal cuts himself during a robbery or leaves a hair, or even a small piece of skin, scientists can find out what his DNA is.The police can then ask the person who they think is the robber to give them one of his hairs or some blood and see if it has the same DNA.Many criminals are in jail today because of this kind of evidence(证据).

  ①When there is a bank robbery, the police first look through their computers for the names of bank robbers they know about.当发生一桩银行抢劫案时,警察首先通过电脑查阅到他们知道的银行盗贼的名字。

  ②Many criminals leave something of themselves at the place of the crime like a fingerprint or a hair.许多罪犯在犯罪的场所留下一些像指纹或一根头发之类的自己的东西。

  ③Everyones DNA is different in the same way that their fingerprints are different.每个人的DNA都不同,正如他们的指纹也不同一样。

  根据短文内容,判断下列各句正(T)误(F)。

  1.Usually the police find a criminal because someone tells them who did the crime.

  2.The police don't usually ask criminals who are in jail about a crime because they are not on the computer.

  3.Criminals usually take something away from the place of a crime with their fingers.

  4.The most useful evidence that criminals leave at the place of their crimes is things with their DNA in them.

  5.The story is about leaving fingerprints on objects.

  Passage 3

  三、阅读理解

  There was a robbery near Harry's home one night.Harry was looking out of his window at that time.He saw a robber run out of a shop and he saw the robber take off his mask (面具)① .He saw his face.

  Harry told his father what he had seen.When the police came, Harry and his father went to talk to them.“I saw the robber.”Harry told the police,“I can describe him.He was about fifty years old.He had a big red nose.His ears were big.He was quite tall and thin.He had something worng with his right leg.”

  “How do you know that?”one of the policemen asked Harry.

  “He limped (跛行).”Harry said.

  “What was he wearing?”the other policeman asked.

  “He was wearing black trousers and a shirt.”Harry said,“His mask was a lady's stocking.His shoes were white sports shoes.”

  “You are a very clever boy,”the policeman said,“Well done!Now we can send out a description of the robber.”②

  The police did this and the next day they caught him.They put him in a line with some other men.They asked Harry to point him out.Harry did this easily.The police arrested (逮捕) the man.Then Harry went home with his father happily.

  ①He saw a robber run out of a shop and he saw the robber take off his mask.他看到一个盗贼从一家商店跑出来,并看到这个盗贼摘下了面具。

  ②Now we can send out a description of the robber.现在我们能发送出对这个盗贼的描述。

  根据短文内容填空,每空一词。

  1.The robbery happened near ____ home at ____ .

  2. ____ ____ Harry was looking out of his window and saw the robber run out of a shop.

  3.Harry gave a ____ of the robber, so the policeman ____ him.

  4.The robber was a man of ____ or so with big ____ and a big red nose.

  5.What was the robber like? He wasn't ____ or ____ .

  6.Something was ____ with the robber's right ____ .

  7.The robber was in white ____ and black ____ .

  8.Harry was ____ to go home with his father, because he ____ the policemen to catch the robber.

  Passage 4

  四、完形填空

  Throughout history, people have been the victims (牺牲者)of pick pockets(扒手).Today,1is one of the most rapidly increasing2.Pickpockets are increasing3and developing better methods to practise their skills.About one million Americans4money to pickpockets every year.No one is really safe5a skilled pickpocket. His victims, or “marks”6they are called, can be rich or poor, young or old.

  7the 18th century, pickpockets8in England. Large crowds of people would gather to watch the hanging9was supposed to be a warning to other pickpockets.10in time the practice was discontinued(中断).

  Police officials say that most11pickpockets come from South America.12these expert (老练的) pickpockets13in a special school called Jingle Bell School.A pickpocket graduates from a J.B.S.14he is able to steal a wallet from a dressed dummy (假人) that has15inside its pockets!

  Some of the16places of pickpockets are banks, airports, supermarkets, trains and bus stations.17a pickpocket will work with another pickpocket18his partner.19being the victim of a pickpocket, it is20to be very careful when in the middle of large gatherings of people.

  根据短文内容,选择能填入文中空白处的最佳答案。

  1.A.pickpocketing

  B.stealing pickpockets

  C.to pickpocket

  D.to steal pickpockets

  2.A.headaches

  B.mistakes

  C.faults

  D.crimes (罪行)

  3.A.so far

  B.out of control

  C.in number

  D.carelessly

  4.A.give

  B.hand in

  C.lose

  D.miss

  5.A.against

  B.with

  C.out of

  D.from

  6.A.since

  B.as

  C.so

  D.but

  7.A.At

  B.Since

  C.From

  D.During

  8.A.were hanged

  B.would hang

  C.have been hanged

  D.must be hanged

  9.A.what

  B.of which

  C.which

  D.in which

  10.A.Therefore

  B.At once

  C.Because

  D.However

  11.A.attractive

  B.convenient

  C.skilled

  D.serious

  12.A.Many of

  B.Much of

  C.A great of many

  D.A large amount of

  13.A.are researched

  B.teach

  C.are trained

  D.end up

  14.A.where

  B.when

  C.which

  D.what

  15.A.money

  B.wealth

  C.bells

  D.rings

  16.A.favorite

  B.liking

  C.favored

  D.be liked

  17.A.Seldom

  B.Hardly

  C.Often

  D.Forever

  18.A.like

  B.being

  C.for

  D.as

  19.A.To avoid

  B.Trying not

  C.To forget

  D.Never try

  20.A.fortunate

  B.clear

  C.important

  D.said

  Passage 1

  Mr Clarke是一个不走运的人。他干了一辈子警察,却从来没有抓住一个小偷。有一天他妻子让他去买一些糖,在商店里他看见一个年轻人正在偷东西,他想抓住那个小偷,他却跑出了商店。Mr Clarke穷追不舍,把小偷逼进了一条死胡同。小偷见无路可逃,说他是第一次偷窃,请求Mr Clarke给他一个机会。Mr Clarke说:“谁给我一个机会呢? 我快要退休了,还是第一次抓住小偷。”

  1.C。Mr Clarke出生在英国的一个小镇,说明他是一个英国人。

  2.D。Mr Clarke由于不称职,才没有抓住小偷。

  3.A。Mr Clarke追上去自然是想抓住小偷。

  水滴石穿。Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away.

  好的开始是成功的一半。Well begun is half done.

  4.D。那个年轻人对那个镇子不熟悉,才跑进死胡同里。

  5.A。那个年轻人无路可逃,Mr Clarke才把他抓住的。

  6.B。Mr Clarke好不容易才抓住了一个小偷,自然是要把他送到警察局去。

  Passage 2

  本文主要介绍了警察查出犯罪的方法,如通过目击证人,运用科技和电脑,尤其介绍了警察通过罪犯留下的蛛丝马迹(头发、指纹、血迹等),采用对DNA的鉴定,能准确地抓获罪犯。

  1.T。根据第一句可知:警察能通过证人提供的线索查出罪犯。

  2.F。根据第一段第五句可知:警察调查在狱外有犯罪前科的罪犯,以核对案发时间他们是否有在场的可能。之所以警察不调查在狱中的罪犯是因为他们根本没有作案的机会,并非因为电脑中没有他们的名字。

  3.F。罪犯通常在作案的地方留下指纹,但不能说通常从那儿拿走一些东西。

  4.T。根据每个人的DNA是不同的,我们可知罪犯留在犯罪场所最有用的证据是含有DNA的东西。

  5.F。这篇文章主要是关于罪犯无意间会留下含有DNA的东西。

  Passage 3

  这篇文章主要记叙了一个小男孩Harry亲眼目睹了一个盗贼的体貌特征及衣着,帮助警察最终抓获了那个盗贼。

  1.Harrys, night。根据短文第一句可知:这桩抢劫案发生在夜晚Harry家附近。

  2.Just, then。文中第一段第二句中的at that time=just then, 意为“在那时”。

  3.description, praised。Harry 对罪犯体貌特征和衣着的描述对警察破案起了重要作用,因此警察赞扬他“You are a very clever boy, well done!”

  4.fifty, ears。根据第二段中的句子“He was about fifty years old.” 以及“His ears were big.”可填出此题的两个空。

  5.short, fat。根据第二段中的句子“He was quite tall and thin.”(他很高很瘦。)可知:这个罪犯不矮不胖。

  6.wrong, leg。根据第二段最后一句“He had something wrong with his right leg.”可知。

  7.shoes, trousers。根据文中的“He was wearing black trouserous…” 以及“His shoes were white sports shoes.”可知。

  8.happy/glad/pleased, helped。根据短文最后的两个句子可知,Harry帮助警察捉住了那个盗贼,非常高兴。

  Passage 4

  本文主要讲述了扒手自古以来就有,随着社会的发展,扒手行窃的技术也越来越高超,许多盗贼还受过专门学校的训练,并提醒人们要注意扒手活动的场所——银行、飞机场、火车站等。

  1.A。B项指“行窃的扒手”,与谓语不一致,C项不定式作主语表示具体动作,因此选A,指“行窃”这一现象。

  2.D。行窃是犯罪,其他三项语义不对。

  3.C。扒手的数量不断扩大。B项表示“失去控制”,这与实际情况显然不符。

  4.C。钱被扒手偷去了用lose,表示“丧失;失去”。

  5.D。be safe from表示“不遭到……;安全”,答题时可联想其动词短语save sb.from sth.。

  6.B。as引导定语从句,“as they are called”的意思是“人们所说的”。

  7.D。此处描述18世纪英国的情况,从本段末句可知现在已经不这么做了,因此选D。

  8.A。既然描述18世纪的情况。谓语只能用一般过去时。

  9.C。which引导定语从句(what只能引导名词从句),并在从句中做主语。

  10.D。前面讲的惩罚被废除,因此用however连接上下文,表示语义的转折。

  11.C。从下文可知来自南美的小偷最厉害、技艺最熟练,下文的expert有提示。

  12.A。介词of表示“整体中的一部分”,“many of the pickpockets”表示 “这些扒手中很多人”。

  13.C。在学校接受训练。

  14.B。“在这个时候就可以毕业了”,when引导时间状语。

  15.C。这一题不好选吧?用假人作教具,袋中有铃铛,你去偷东西时不碰响铃而能把钱包偷到手,这时你就可以毕业了。这学校叫“铃儿响叮当学校”。

  16.A。小偷青睐的地方,他们喜欢出没的地方。

  17.C。小偷并非总有搭档,因此用C,而非forever。

  18.D。as 表示身份,“作为”。

  19.A。本句是个提醒,“要是不能成为扒手的猎物的话”,不定式状语表目的。

  20.C。我们有必要这么做。

  1.He saw a robber run out of a shop and he saw the robber take off his mask.他看到一个盗贼从一家商店跑出来,并看到这个盗贼摘下了面具。(Line 2,Passage 3)

  see sb.do sth.表示“看到某人干了某事”,具有一般现在时或一般过去时的意味,而see sb.doing sth.表示“看到某人正在干某事”,具有进行时的意味。例如:

  I often see him play football.Look! Now we can see him playing football on the playground.我经常看到他踢足球。看!现在我们能看到他正在操场上踢足球。

  2.He was wearing black trousers and a shirt.他穿着黑色的裤子和一件衬衫。(Line 11,Passage 3)

  put on 意为“穿上”、 “戴上”,侧重于表示动作;而wear意为“穿着”、“戴着”,侧重于状态。put on 和wear后跟表示衣帽类的宾语。dress意为“穿衣服”,后跟表示人的宾语;“in+颜色词”或“in+限定词+颜色词+表示衣帽类的名词”表示“穿着……”、“戴着……”。例如:

  Youd better put on your sweater.It's very cold outside.你最好穿上你的毛衣,外面很冷。

  Kate is wearing (=in) a red skirt today.今天凯特穿着一件红色的短裙。

  The little boy cant dress himself.这个小男孩自己不会穿衣服。


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