1. 毫无疑问他们将提前完成这项工作。

　　[误] There is no doubt whether they will finish the work ahead of time.

　　[正] There is no doubt that they will finish the work ahead of time.

　　[析] doubt用于否定句和疑问句时，其后的从句用that引导，不用if或whether；doubt用于肯定句时，从句常用if 或 whether引导。如：I doubt if this is what he wants. 我看这不见得是他所要的。

　　2. 我和她结婚已六年了。

　　[误] I have married to her for 6 years.

　　[误] We have got married for 6 years.

　　[正] I have been married to her for 6 years.

　　[正] I married her 6 years ago.

　　[正] It is / has been 6 years since I married her.

　　[析] 其一，marry作"嫁给……；娶……为妻"解时，一般用作及物动词，不要误用为marry with / to...，但可以说marry ...to...(把……嫁给……)和be / get married to sb.；其二，marry是非延续性动词，和一段时间状语连用时要用be married，或者...ago或It is / has been + 一段时间 + since ...句型。

　　3. 他经常梦想成为一位艺术家。

　　[误] He often dreams to become an artist.

　　[正] He often dreams of / about becoming an artist.

　　[析] dream后不接动词不定式作宾语。表达"梦想做某事"可用dream of doing sth.或dream about doing sth.。

　　4. 与我交谈的那个人原来是个意大利人。

　　[误] The person I spoke to was turned out to be an Italian.

　　[正] The person I spoke to turned out to be an Italian.

　　[析] turn out 作"结果是；证明是；原来是"讲时，不用被动语态。常见的不用被动语态的短语动词还有belong to(属于)，break out(爆发；突然开始)，take place(发生；举行)，date back to(始于)，come about(发生；产生)，come out (出版；出来)，come up(被提出；发芽)等。

　　5. 那把椅子看起来很硬，但坐上去很舒服。

　　[误] That chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit.

　　[正] That chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on.

　　[析] 当不定式与所修饰的词为动宾关系时，如果不定式为不及物动词，或者所修饰的词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，这时不定式后要有必要的介词。如nothing to be afraid of， a pen to write with， some money to buy the book with等。

　　6. 我匆匆忙忙地赶到学校，结果却发现是星期天。

　　[误] I hurried to school, only finding out it was Sunday.

　　[正] I hurried to school, only to find out it was Sunday.

　　[析] 不定式作结果状语，表示不可预料的结果。如：He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.(他搬起了石头，结果只是砸了自己的脚)。而V-ing形式作结果状语时则表示能够预见的结果。如：The bus rolled into the valley, causing 20 deaths. (公共汽车滚下山谷，导致20人死亡)。

　　7. "你认为今天上午那个报告怎么样？""很令人失望"。

　　[误] - How do you think of the talk this morning?

　　- Very disappointing.

　　[正] - What do you think of the talk this morning?

　　- Very disappointing.

　　[析] 询问别人"对……有何看法"或"觉得……怎么样"时，常用下列句型：①How do you find / like...? ②What do you think of ... ? ③What is ... like ?

　　8. 你对这套住房满意吗？

　　[误] Do you satisfy with the flat?

　　[正] Are you satisfied with the flat?

　　[正] Does the flat satisfy you?

　　[析] satisfy 是及物动词，意为"使……满意"，satisfied意思是"感到满意的"。表达"某人对某物感到满意"要说sb. is satisfied with sth.或sth. satisfies sb.。

　　9. 由于整天沉溺于玩电脑游戏，他期中考试没及格。

　　[误] As he was addicted to play computer games, he failed the mid-term exam.

　　[正] As he was addicted to playing computer games, he failed the mid-term exam.

　　[析] 在be addicted to短语中，to是介词，后接名词、代词宾格或V-ing形式作宾语，不要将其误解为动词不定式符号。类似的短语还有：be / get used to(习惯于)，look forward to(盼望)，pay attention to(注意)，give one's life to(献身于)等。

　　10. 下周一要召开的会议非常重要。

　　[误] The meeting held next Monday is of great importance.

　　[正] The meeting to be held next Monday is of great importance.

　　[析] 表示将要被做的事，要用不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语；过去分词(done)作定语，表示被动的完成的动作；现在分词的被动语态(being done)作定语，表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。

　　11.敌人在这次战斗中遭受了彻底的打击。

　　[误] The enemy suffered from a complete defeat in the battle.

　　[正] The enemy suffered a complete defeat in the battle.

　　[析] suffer作"遭受；蒙受"解时，是及物动词；作"患病；受……的折磨"解时，是不及物动词，后接介词from。又如：The old man is suffering from gout.(这个老人患了痛风)。

　　12. 今年春季的天气叫人很不愉快。

　　[误] The weather has been very disappointed this spring.

　　[正] The weather has been very disappointing this spring.

　　[析] interest, excite, surprise, worry, bore, frighten, disappoint, amaze等动词可以用V-ing形式和V-ed形式作表语和定语。 V-ing形式具有主动含义，意味着"起这种作用的"，常译成"令人……的"；而过去分词则表示被动，意味着"受这种影响的"，可译成"感到……的"。又如：They were greatly disappointed by their disappointing son. 他们那个令人失望的儿子让他们非常失望。

　　(文/王紫军； 英语通高二版 04~05学年度第8期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)