高一英语辅导:as 与 which 引导的定语从句 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/11/26 15:59 英语辅导报 |
定语从句是高一英语的主要语法项目之一,也是高考英语的常考知识点,尤其是as和which引导的定语从句,更是历年高考试题中的考点和热点。as和which都能引导定语从句,那么它们的共同点和区别是什么呢? 一、as和which都能引导的定语从句 当非限定性定语从句置于句末时,as和which都可用来引导这个定语从句。例如: Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _______ , of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET2000) A. who B. which C. this D. what 【简析】答案是B。which引导非限定性定语从句,指代前面主句的内容,定语从句部分意为:这当然使别人不高兴。这里不能换用as作引导词,因为我们不能说“正如使别人不高兴”。 The number of senior high school students is increasing, _______ is mentioned above. A. that B. it C. such D. as 【简析】答案是D。as引导非限定性定语从句,意思是“正如”。此时也可以换用which引导,但意思有别,意为:这一点上面提到了。 二、只能用which引导的定语从句 1. 在限定性定语从句中。例如: The project _______ a British businessman has invested in is under construction at present. A. which B. as C. what D. why 【简析】答案是A。单个词引导限定性定语从句时,一般不用as。当然,本题中的定语从句也可以使用that引导;由于关系词在从句中作宾语,which和that都可以省略。 2. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,只能用which。例如: Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.(上海2000高考) A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 【简析】答案是B。此时的which不能用as来代替。另外还应注意:引导定语从句时,which不能单独作定语,此时不管先行词是人还是物,都只能用whose引导,但指物时,可以与of which替换(如本题)。 3. 当后置的非限定性定语从句是否定结构时,只能用which引导。例如: The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn't expected.(2000京皖春招) A. when B. that C. which D. what 【简析】答案是C。由于非限定性定语从句是否定结构,只能用which引导,不能用as来替代which。 三、只能用as引导的非限定性定语从句 1. 置于句首时,非限定性定语从句只能用as引导。例如: _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (NMET2001) A. It B. As C. That D. What 【简析】答案是B。As在定语从句中作主语,这里不能换成Which。 2. 在the same...as 结构中,意思是“像……那样的”。例如: Chongqing is not the same city _______ we have seen in other places. A. that B. which C. 不填 D. as 【简析】答案是D。as在定语从句中作have seen的宾语。the same ... that的意思是“正是……;就是……”。注意:as不能省略。 3. 在as...as结构中,意思是“像……那样的”。例如: No period in history has had as many important changes _______ have taken place in the past century. A. which B. as C. that D. what 【简析】答案是B。as引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。 小试牛刀: 1. _______ has been announced, we shall have our final exam next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What 2. The weather turned out to be very good, _______ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. if 3. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _______ many people have gone home. A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which time 4. Mathilde had to work hard day and night and bought such a diamond necklace _______ she had lost to pay back to Jeanne. A. as B. that C. which D. 不填 5. —Robert, is this yours? —Yes, it's just the same Walkman _______ I lost on the playground yesterday. A. which B. what C. as D. that Key: 1—5 BBDAD (文/陈觉法; 英语辅导报高一版 04~05学年度第9期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |