高一英语课外辅导:解题巧用“还原法” |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/11/26 16:01 英语辅导报 |
在英语单项填空中,如果我们能把疑问句、感叹句、省略句、被动句等还原为大家所熟悉的陈述句,就不仅降低了题目的难度,而且能够提高解题的准确性,是一种解题的好方法。 一、 把特殊疑问句还原为陈述句 1. Who will you have ________ there? A. gone B. go C. to go D. going 一些学生选A,他们认为have gone构成现在完成时态;还有一些学生由have to do sth. 推断选C。其实此题只要用一个人名或人称代词来代替Who,再将其还原为陈述句,其意义和答案就出来了。比如选用Lucy,还原句子为:I will have Lucy go there. 此题考的是have作使役动词的用法。所以答案是B。 2. — ________ you got to know his address? —Through a friend of his. A. How was it B. What was it C. How was it that D. What was it that 此题解题技巧是把回答放到句中,还原为陈述句,根据选项可知这里是强调句:It was through a friend of his that I got to know his address. 所以答案是C。 二、把被动的陈述句还原为主动陈述句 3. As a boy, he was found ________ hard all the day. A. made to work B. to make working C. made working D. making to work 很多学生觉得此题不好做,其实解题的关键点是将原句变为主动句,加上一个动作的执行者,比如加上people,句子则为:People found him made to work hard all the day. 所以答案是A。 三、 把感叹句变为陈述句 4. How pleased the manager was _______ what the customer told him! A. heard B. hearing C. to hear D. to hearing 一般来说,be动词的后面常接现在分词(构成现在进行时)或过去分词(构成被动语态),所以有些学生会选A或B。但把上面的感叹句还原为陈述句为:The manager was pleased to hear what the customer told him. 所以答案是C。不定式可以表示引起某种情绪的原因。而且这样的句式很常见。如:(1)I'm glad to see you. (2)He often becomes excited to speak to you. 5. What ________ he is playing in the school! A. important part B. parts C. an important part D. some parts 还原为陈述句:He is playing an important part in the school. play an important part in 是学生比较熟悉的词组。答案为C。 四、把包含有特殊意义的陈述句变为普通陈述句 6. Dr. Baker must have given a good speech at the conference yesterday, ______ he? A. didn't B. wasn't C. mustn't D. haven't 这个句子要求学生补充反意疑问句。有些学生看到句中must,就选了C;还有一些看到句中有have,就选了D。其实这个句子中must have given是表示对过去事情的推测,所以就包含了特殊的意义,只要把该句变为不包含推测意义的普通陈述句,答案就明显了。还原句为:Dr. Baker gave a good speech at the conference yesterday, didn't he?所以答案是A,下面这个题也可用同样的方法解出。 7. The teacher must be in the office now, ________ she? A. mustn't B. isn't C. wasn't D. hasn't 还原为:The teacher is in the office now, isn't she?答案是B。 五、 把定语从句还原为陈述句 8. Thank you for the great trouble you've had ________ me with my computer work. A. with helping B. helping C. to help D. to have helped 9. Comrade Lei Feng was a person ________ we should learn. A. who B. whom C. to whom D. from whom 第8题the great trouble后有定语从句,可以还原为:You've had great trouble(in) helping me with my computer work. 句子包含了一个习惯搭配是have some trouble / difficulty (in) doing sth. 所以答案是B。 第9题答案是D。a person后的定语从句可以还原为:We should learn from a person. 其中learn from... 意为“向……学习”。 六、 把省略句还原为陈述句 10. —What are you busy doing these days? — ________ for the exam. A. To make preparations B. Prepare C. Preparing D. To prepare 该题是对问句进行简略回答,只要把答案用完整的句子说出来:I'm busy preparing for the exam. 这样就可以得出答案是C。 (文/相淑芹 王晓兰; 英语辅导报高一版 04~05学年度第8期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |