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大学英语“四位一体”六级考试专项练习---写作
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/01/24 10:50  英语辅导报

  I. 写作中的用词

  A. Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. In each sentence, there is a word or expression which is not correct. Try to find it out and then correct it.

  1. My favorite hobby is watching TV. Every time I go home, the first thing I do is to open the TV.

  2. It is extremely hot these days and many people go there for swimming.

  3. He always speaks as if he knows everything.

  4. You can buy used bicycles in some shops here.

  5. If you still don't understand, I'll tell you in detail as follow.

  6. I'm writing to express my thankness for your warm hospitality during my stay in Hangzhou.

  7. As most of the boys of his age, he is very naughty.

  8. It's four hours distance from my home to school.

  9. My parents opened a small restaurant and there was so much house work need to do.

  10. The mid-autumn moon in China is a symbolization of family reunion.

  11. In a not too distant future I'll prove it.

  12. We should study hard and make the contribution to our motherland.

  13. In Wuzhen there is a bridge named double-bridge.One is for men and another is for women.

  14. It is this way that you can show your ability.

  15. I can't give up my piano and must be a determinate person.

  16. I know that if we want to find a good and satisfied job we should try our best to learn as much as possible.

  17. I couldn't go out and couldn't go home also.

  18. Everyday morning uncle Wang plays Taiji in the park near my school.

  19. I said it was not her false but she still felt very upset.

  20. I told them to do so but they just didn't hear me at all.

  21. Half a month passed by, but we still couldn't begin our class because the quantity of the students is not enough.

  22. This summer, we went to Jinggangshan, one of the old revolutionary basis in China.

  23. My younger brother is now a college student and he majors in Chinese ancient history.

  24. At the present time, I am learning Japanese and German.

  25. In my opinion, I think your plan is workable.

  26. Born in a small village in Jiangsu Province, my grandpa grew up to be a writer.

  27. We are sure to meet here latter.

  28. This summer the climate is really too bad because of tropical storms.

  29. During my summer vacation I did selling for two weeks in a private company and got some salary.

  30. Mom always tells me to wear my overcoat before going out if the weather is too cold.

  B. Directions: There are two passages in this section. For each passage, there are some phrasal words omitted. Try to write them out.

  1. ①________studying too hard may be harmful to students. At present, many teachers expect their pupils to do more work than they can handle. ②___________, parents do not realize that pressuring their children to study harder than called for can injure their children's health. ③___________, most parents know that growing boys and girls need relaxation as well as exercise. ④__________, many students have no choice but to burn the candle at both ends in order to get good grades and please their parents. But a physically weak or socially deprived child may not be able to keep up with such a hurried pace. ⑤__________, some students may very possibly fail in school because of this pressure to study in excess of what is required.

  2.

  Health

  ①_________, “No one knows the value of health until he loses it.” ②__________, nothing is more valuable than health.

  ③_________ health is the foundation of one's future success. If you become sick, it is nearly impossible to pursue your career effectively, much less make your dreams come true. ④__________, if you are physically strong enough, you can go all out to overcome the obstacles that lie ahead of you.

  ⑤__________ health is the resource of our energy, what should we do to maintain and enhance our health? ⑥_________, we should exercise every day to strengthen our muscles. ⑦_________, we might as well keep good hours. If we get up early, we can breathe fresh air and see the sunrise. This habit can do wonders for our outlook on life. ⑧__________,⑨_________: “Prevention is better than cure.” If you pay close attention to your health, you can avoid being sick, or at least cure yourself of a disease while it is still in its early stage.

  ⑩__________, health is more important than wealth. Those who are rich but lose their health are no more fortunate than those who are poor. If you want to make your dreams come true, health is the most important factor to your success.

  II. 句子的写作

  A. Directions: Decide whether each of the following sentences is true or false.

  1. On New Year's Day we make either calls or watch TV programs at home.

  2. Police is searching for the lost child.

  3. All the machinery in the factory is made in China.

  4. The singer and poet are absent today.

  5. Smith is one of the employees who refuses to accept the invitation.

  6. Smith is the only one of the employees who refuse to accept the invitation.

  7. Stepping into the room, my heart was beating very fast.

  8. I like discussion groups better than going to lectures.

  9. One hopes to make great achievements, but you cannot do that until you are diligent.

  10. Professor Smith said he will return our papers at the next class session.

  11. Watching the sunset, the colours changed from bright orange to rosy red.

  12. Not understanding its meaning, the teacher will be asked to explain the idiom.

  13. Having an interest in music, my thoughts turned to teaching music as a career.

  14. Having been properly boiled, we are perfectly safe in drinking the water.

  15. Walking through the park, a huge wall picture came into sight.

  16. The majority approving the plan, he had to give in.

  17. Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.

  18. Not having made adequate preparations, we postponed the sports meet.

  19. Having been badly damaged by the earthquake, the city has to be rebuilt.

  20. Looking out of the window, a horse ran on the street.

  B. Directions: Combine the following pairs of sentences with the connectives (关联词) given in brackets.

  1. You may get there by sea.

  You may get there by air, too. (either...or)

  2. She is a good housewife.

  She is a first class actress. (not only...but also)

  3. He is not poor.

  He is one of the richest men in the world.(on the contrary)

  4. They did not see the boy.

  The boy did not see them, either. (nor)

  5. I have read one of his novels.

  I have read a few of his plays. (as well as)

  6. He doesn't know what happened.

  He doesn't care what happened. (neither...nor)

  C. Directions: Rewrite the following sentences, reducing(简化) the clauses to phrases or words.

  1. Chichester covered 14,100 miles before he stopped in Sydney, Australia.

  2. The houses which were damaged by the storm are being rebuilt.

  3. Because she had a bad cold, she couldn't attend the meeting.

  4. The professor attaches great importance to the things that are being discussed here.

  5. We need someone who can help us with the typing.

  6. Mary will not return my book until she has taken the examination.

  7. My mother is a teacher who has retired.

  8. Don't you realize that Jack's speech is important?

  D. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms.

  1. They were made _____ ( to work, work ) day and night.

  2. Why _____ ( not let, not to let) her have a try?

  3. Mary could not but _____ (to criticize, criticize) Tom's foolish behavior.

  4. They strongly recommended housewives _____ (buying,to buy) their products.

  5. The garden requires _____ (taking care of, to take care of) and the grass needs (to cut, cutting).

  6. I don't have any choice except / but _____ ( to give up, give up) the plan.

  7. There was nothing for them to do but _____ (to remain,remain) silent.

  8. The manager does not allow ____ (to smoke, smoking) in the office.

  III. 文章的写作

  1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to apply for a job advertised in China Daily. You should write no less than 150 words and your letter should include the following information.

  1. 说明你写信的目的。

  2. 你的应聘条件。

  3. 你的愿望。

  2. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Should CET-4 and CET-6 be Canceled?” you should write no less than 150 words and your composition should be based on the following outline in Chinese.

  1. 四、六级考试应继续举行下去,因为……

  2. 四、六级考试应予以取缔,因为……

  3. 你的观点。

  参考答案:

  I.写作中的用词

  A. 1. open → turn on 2. go there for swimming → go swimming there 3. knows → knew 4. used → second- hand 5. follow → follows; following 6. thankness → thankfulness 7. as → like 8. distance → ride 9. need to do → to be done 10. symbolizes → symbol 11. not too distant → near 12. the contribution → contribution

  13. another → the other 14. is → is in 15. a determinate person → a man of strong will 16. satisfied → satisfactory 17. also → either 18. Everyday morning → Every morning/Everyday in the morning 19. false → fault 20. hear → obey 21. quantity → number 22. basis → bases 23. Chinese ancient → ancient Chinese 24. At the present time → At present 25. In my opinion, I think → I think /In my opinion, 26. grew up to be → grew up into 27. latter→ later 28. climate → weather 29. salary → wage 30. wear → put on

  B. 1. ①Generally speaking / It goes without saying that / On the whole ②In addition / Furthermore / What's more / Meanwhile ③Certainly / In fact / Obviously ④However / Nevertheless / On the other hand ⑤As a result / In brief / In conclusion / Therefore

  2. ①As the proverb says ②In other words ③It is clear that ④On the other hand ⑤Now that we know that ⑥First ⑦Second ⑧Third ⑨there is a proverb ⑩In conclusion

  II. 句子的写作

  A. 1. F. 此句应改为:On New Year's Day we either make calls or watch TV programs at home. 并列连词是用来比较或对比两个相似的陈述,它们所连接的每一个部分都必须具有相同的语法结构。either... or...是一对并列连词,因此它们应该连接相同的语法结构。句中的either后面是名词,而or后却是动词,没有形成相同的语法结构,因而是错误的。并列连词有很多,诸如not only...but also; both...and; neither...nor等。

  2. F. 应改为:Police are searching for the lost child.

  写作时要注意主谓一致关系。有些集体名词诸如Police, people, cattle, militia, poultry, folk, mankind, vermin等作主语时,动词要用复数形式。

  3. T. 有些名词如machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise属于不可数名词,动词通常用单数。

  4. F. 应改为:The singer and poet is absent today. 两个单数主语由and连接后,其谓语动词通常要用复数形式,但是,作主语的并列结构若是指同一人、同一物、同一事或同一概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式。如,My neighbor and colleague is watering the flowers. (我的邻居也就是我的同事正在浇花。)

  5. F. 应改为:Smith is one of the employees who refuse to accept the invitation. 在one of the +复数名词+ who结构中,因为从句中主语who的先行词是复数名词employees,而不是单数代词one,所以从句的谓语动词用单数。

  6. T. 如果在one of the +复数名词+ who结构之前加上the only,who所引导的从句的谓语动词则用单数形式,因为从句的主语who的先行词是指单数代词one,而不是指复数名词employees。

  7. F. 应改为:Stepping into the room, I felt my heart was beating very fast. 原句中的主语my heart与分词短语Stepping into the room 之间不存在逻辑上的主谓关系,Stepping into the room这一行为显然不可能由my heart实施,只能由“人”来完成,而“人”这个逻辑主语不存在于句中,所以形成悬垂分词。

  8. F. 应改为:I like discussion groups better than lectures. 同1。平行结构在表达相似的意思时,可应用相似的语法结构。在表达对比或对照的意思时,句中被比较的成分在结构上要对称。

  9. F. One hopes to make great achievements, but one/he cannot do that until one/he are diligent.原句中的主语由one转换成you是错误的,应变成代词he或保持原样。

  10. F. 应改为:Professor Smith said he would return our papers at the next class session. 间接引语中,时态有误。

  11. F.该句出现了悬垂修饰语,其主语与分词不存在逻辑上的主谓关系,应改为:When I was watching the sunset, the colours changed from bright orange to rosy red.或者:Watching the sunset, I noticed that the colours changed from bright orange to rosy red.

  12. F. 同上。应改为Not understanding its meaning, the students will ask the teacher to explain the idiom.

  13. F. 同上。应改为Having an interest in music, I turned to teaching music as a career.

  14. F. 同上。应改为Having been properly boiled, the water is perfectly safe to drink.

  15. F. 应改为When I was walking through the park, a huge wall picture came into sight.

  16. T. 该句正确,属于独立结构。The majority是分词approving的逻辑主语。

  17. T. 此句正确。Judging from what he said是固定词组,修饰整个句子,表示说话人的态度,不属于悬垂修饰语。

  18. T. 此句正确。分词短语作状语,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致,即句中主语we与分词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。

  19. T. 此句正确。同上。

  20. F. 该句出现了悬垂修饰语,其主语与分词不存在逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说现在分词的逻辑主语与其句中的主语不一致。改为:Looking out of the window, I saw a horse run on the street.

  B. 1. You may get there either by sea or by air.

  2. She is not only a good housewife but also a first class actress.

  3. He is not poor, on the contrary he is one of the richest men in the world.

  4. They did not see the boy, nor did the boy see them.

  5. I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.

  6. He neither knows nor cares what happened.

  讲解:合并两个同等重要的部分,在意义上第二部分是第一部分的自然延伸;或者两个部分合并在一起形成一个完整的思想,常用的关联词有:and, both...and, not only...but also, as well as, neither...nor, besides等。如句2、句5、句6;当两个同等重要的部分在意义上表示转折或相反时,常用关联词:nevertheless, on the contrary, however等, 如句3;若表示两者选一时,常用or, nor, either...or, or else等关联词,如句1、句4。不过,当nor连接句子时,以nor开头的句子要倒装。

  C. 1. Chichester covered 14,100 miles before stopping in Sydney, Australia.

  2. The houses damaged by the storm are being rebuilt.

  3. Because of a bad cold, she couldn't attend the meeting.

  4. The professor attaches great importance to the things being discussed here.

  5. We need someone to help us with the typing.

  6. Mary will not return my book until after the examination.

  7. My mother is a retired teacher.

  8. Don't you realize the importance of Jack's speech?

  讲解:简洁是写作的灵魂,怎样把冗长的句子简单化呢?那就是采用不定式短语、动名词、分词短语、介词短语或名词短语等替代比较长的从句,这样,在句型结构多样化方面,就多了一些选择余地。句1用动名词短语来替代时间状语从句;句2使用过去分词短语代替了定语从句;句3用的是介词短语because of取代了原因状语从句;句4采用了分词的被动式作定语,取代了定语从句;句5是不定式短语作定语;句6使用介词短语代替时间状语从句;句7使用过去分词作定语,由于仅仅是一个单词,所以可位于被修饰词的前面;句8是将宾语从句换成了名词短语。这些方法和技巧使得句子更加简洁明了。

  D. 1. to work

  有些动词如make, let, watch, hear, notice等表示感官的词,其后作宾语补足语的动词不定式必须省掉不定式符号to,但是,变为被动语态时,to不能省。

  2. not let

  why和why not后常接不带to的不定式构成问句。

  3. criticize

  在had better, would rather, may/might as well(不妨), can not but(不得不), do nothing but(只好)等结构之后,用动词原形。

  4. to buy

  有些动词如advise, allow, permit和recommend等可以接不定式作宾补,接动名词作宾语。

  5. taking care of, cutting

  在need, require, want, deserve等动词后,用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,其用法相当于不定式的被动结构。如,The problem deserves thinking about.= The problem deserves to be thought about.

  6. to give up

  不定式通常不能直接跟在介词后面,但是可以接在介词except / but后面作宾语。如介词前有实义动词do,介词后跟省去to的不定式,否则to不能省。

  7. remain

  介词前有实义动词do,所以介词后跟省去to的不定式。

  8. smoking

  allow后面接动名词作宾语,接不定式作宾补。见句4。

  III. 文章的写作

  1.

  A Letter to Apply for a Job

  Aug. 13, 2004

  Dear Sir,

  I would like to apply for the post of translator which was advertised in today's edition of China Daily.

  I think that I am competent to meet the requirements which you have specified, for my education and experience are both in line with the requirements of the job you offer. I am 24 years old and was graduated from Central China Normal University in 2002 with a bachelor's degree in English language and literature. When I was a sophmore, I do some translation in a company in my spare time. After graduation, I have been employed as a translator in an import and export company, where my performance is highly appreciated. Now I wish to enter a company where the work requires more responsibility and ability, and there will be more opportunity for advancement.

  If you feel that I am suited for the job, please inform me of the time convenient for an interview. I hope to hear from you in the near future.

  Sincerely yours,

  Wang Xiaoqiang

  2.

  Should CET-4 and CET-6 be Canceled?

  Many teachers and experts think that it is necessary for college students to take CET-4 and CET-6. Because it is an important means of checking how well teaching syllabus for college English is carried out and a means of checking the teaching results. Thus it can promote both teachers and students. Teachers will adjust their teaching focus according to their students' performance in the tests. Students will work hard in order to pass the tests.

  However, some other teachers and experts think that CET-4 and CET-6 should be canceled, for these tests have negative influence on English teaching and learning. In some colleges and universities, students can't graduate unless they pass CET-4. Thus the teachers in those colleges and universities have to spend most of time in training their students' ability to do grammar and reading exercises. They pay little attention to students' oral and writing ability. Therefore, some students are unable to speak or write very simple English even if they have passed CET-4 and CET-6.

  In my opinion, CET-4 and CET-6 should not be taken as compulsory tests, but as optional ones. If teachers and students are clear of the purpose and function of these two tests, they will make good use of them.

  (文/万柏年 杨晓斌 郝吉环 周雪英;英语辅导报 大学二年级版 04~05学年第16期; 版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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