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大学英语辅导:反“客”为“主”,妙趣横生
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/01/24 10:48  英语辅导报

  英语句子的表达方式千变万化,处于主语位置上的成分更是多种多样,可以是名词、代词、从句、不定式等等。有时候,作者故意隐藏于幕后,通过非人称主语表达思想,从而使行文极具变化,给读者以深刻印象。请看例句:

  Taxis, company cars and private vehicles owned by the newly affluent have crammed Beijing streets in rising numbers in the last few years—1.2 million vehicles at last count. (From Stylish Writing)

  该句中作者让taxi“现身说法”,而不是我们常用的被动语态,虽说两者都完全能够表达此意义,但是这一变通给读者以耳目一新之感,堪称被动语态活用的典范。又例如:

  Our patience is becoming exhausted with their constant annoyances.

  该句同样是把使动主语隐于幕后,但是被动语态的使用又是出奇之招。可见,语态应该灵活运用,才能够达到更好的表意效果。下面是八个类似的例句,希望读者从中有所收获。

  1. The following true story captured our hearts. It happened several years ago in the Paris opera house. A famous singer had been contracted to sing, and ticket sales were booming. In fact, the night of the concert found the house packed and every ticket sold. The feeling of anticipation and excitement was in the air as the house manager took the stage... The environment turned from excitement to frustration. (From Crazy English)

  2. While I was thinking these thoughts a little stream was running softly somewhere in my mind, a little stream of reminiscence. What was it? Something was asking to be remembered. I held the book gently in my hands, and followed without haste the course of my reverie, waiting for the memory to declare itself. (Iris Murdoch: Under the Net)

  3. My delight knew no bounds when I learned that I had passed the entrance examination.

  4. It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in passion of a fortune must be in want of a wife. (Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice)

  5. There was no possibility of taking a walk that day. We had been wandering, indeed, in the leafless shrubbery an hour in the morning; but since dinner (Mrs. Reed, when there was no company, dined early) the cold winter wind had brought with it clouds so somber, and a rain so penetrating, that further outdoor exercise was now out of the question. (Charlotte Bront?觕: Jane Eyre)

  6. Immediately then, the thought came sweeping across me, what miserable friendlessness and loneliness are her revealed! (Herman Melville: Bartleby, the Scrivener)

  7. His feeling of terror had passed away, and curiosity had taken its place. He was determined to find out Basil Hallward's mystery. (Oscar Wilde: The Picture of Dorian Gray)

  8. These realization do not dawn until mid-life.

  (文/李方术;英语辅导报 大学二年级版 04~05学年第16期; 版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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