英语辅导:“快”“结束”烦恼,好好“活着” |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/02/03 08:35 英语辅导报 |
1. soon; quickly; fast 这三个词都与“快”相关,都可作副词,它们的用法及区别如下: ① soon为副词,意为“不久的将来”,通常指时间方面的“快;短”,用作时间状语,一般放句末或助动词及情态动词后。如: I'll be back soon. 我不久即回。 ② quickly作副词,一般指思维动作反应快且用时少,即“迅速;敏捷”等。如: I wrote down his car number quickly. 我飞快地把他的车号记了下来。 ③ fast是兼类词:既可作形容词又可作副词,意为“快的/地;迅速的/地”,多指人或车辆等的行动速度,作副词有时可与quickly互换。如: You speak too fast/quickly for us to catch. 你说得太快了,我们都听不懂。 He is fast enough to catch the early bus. 他走得快,能赶上早班车。 2. end; finish 二者都含“停止;结束”意,都可作动词或名词。 ① end多指自然的“结束;终结;结尾等”。如: The film ended at eight o'clock last night. 昨晚的电影八点结束。 在come to an end, by / at the end of, in / to the end 等词组中的end用作名词。 ② 发出finish动作的往往是人,后面常跟名词、代词或动名词(V-ing)作宾语。在有时间段的肯定的完成时态中要用be over来替补等是中考热点。如: I must finish (doing) my homework first. 我必须先把我的作业完成。 I'll return the book to you as soon as I finish (reading) it. 我一看完这本书就立即还你。 I'm just finishing, I'll come soon. 快完了,等会我就来。 [误] You are too late. The meeting has been finished for ten minutes. [正] You are too late. The meeting has been over for ten minutes. 3. alive; living 在形容词大家庭里都能见到这两个词的身影,且都有“活着”之意,但它俩也并非完全步调一致,在用法上稍有不同。 ① alive意为“活着的;在世的;活泼的;热闹的”等,作表语时指人、指物均可;它一般作后置定语,放在所修饰的词后,另还可作宾语补足语。如: Look! The bird is still alive. 瞧,这只鸟还活着。 Don't injure the hare. Let's try to catch it alive. 别伤着这只野兔,我们尽量活捉它吧。 We are the happiest children alive. 我们是当代最幸福的孩子。 ② living意为“活着的;现存的”,也能修饰人或物,指某人/物某时是活着的,在句中可作表语或定语;作表语时,与alive用法大相径庭,作定语时,常放在所修饰的词前。如: Is the wounded solider still alive / living? 受伤的士兵还活着吗? No living things can live without air or water. 生物离开了空气和水都不能生存。 (文/李守锡;英语辅导报初三版04—05学年度第20期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |