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高二英语课外辅导:高二册第10单元疑难解答
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/02/23 09:08  英语辅导报

  I. The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand. 一看到这种情景,我叔叔身上的科学精神被唤醒了,他要到那座火山去看个究竟。

  【问】 from closer at hand是什么意思?介词from后面为何没有名词或代词?

  【答】 from closer at hand表示“从靠近火山更近一点的地方”,其中at hand表示“在跟前,在手头上,附近”;英语中介词后面可以跟名词或代词,也可以跟副词或介词短语来说明地点或方位,表示“从……”。例如:

  1. Just then, a fat and short man with a heavy suitcase came from behind the building. 就在那时,从那栋大楼的后面走来一个又矮又胖的家伙,手里提着一只沉甸甸的箱子。

  2. Suddenly, a ball flew from over there and hit Tom's head. 突然从那边飞来一只球正好打到汤姆的头。

  II. Was he afraid? I don't think so, because he wrote a report about all he observed during his trip. 他害怕了吗?我想没有,因为他写下一份报告介绍他在旅途中所观察到的一切。

  【问】 I don't think so能不能说成I think not?

  【答】 I don't think so.相当于:I don't think he was afraid.也可以说成:I think not.类似的用法还有:I don't believe so. I believe not.一般情况下,so被用来替代前面的肯定意义(相当于一个肯定意义的宾语从句),而not通常用来替代前面的否定意义(相当于一个否定意义的宾语从句)。例如:

  1. —Will he be late for the party?

  —I think so. / I'm afraid so.

  ——参加晚会他会迟到吗?

  ——我认为会。 / 恐怕会的。

  2. —Does she agree to this plan?

  —I think not. / I don't think so.

  ——她会赞成这个计划吗?

  ——我认为她不会赞成。

  III. He had to wait for a good wind,blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.他不得不等待一个合适的风向,要从我叔叔走来的相反方向吹来。

  【问】请问,the other way than... 表示什么意思?

  【答】 the other way than... 表示“是……的另一面;与……恰恰相反方向”,这里的than含有“除什么以外”的意思。又如:

  1. The manager came the other way than my brother when he went out of the factory. 当我哥哥走出工厂时,正好遇到经理从他对面走过来。

  2. A car moved the other way than our bus when it turned into the street corner. 当我们的公共汽车拐弯时,迎面驶来一辆小轿车。

  IV. Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.当到达的时候,我叔叔拥抱住庞培, 努力使他鼓起勇气。

  【问】 如何理解upon arrival?

  【答】 upon arrival表示“当到达时”,相当于一个时间状语从句when he arrived at Pompy;一些介词短语如upon arrival, at the sight of, at the sound of等说明时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。例如:

  1. Upon arrival at the top of the mount,all the travellers jumped and cheered.

  =When they arrived at the top of the mount, all the travellers jumped and cheered.当到达山顶时,那些游客欢呼着、跳跃着。

  2. At the sight of that accident, the farmer called for 110 at once. 当那位农夫看到那场事故时,立刻拨打了110。

  V. Helped by two slaves he stood up,and immediately fell down dead. 在两个奴隶的帮助下他站了起来,而后他又倒下了,再也没能站起来。

  【问】 句子中dead作什么成分?

  【答】 这里的形容词dead是作结果状语,说明前面谓语动词所产生的结果。有时候形容词也能够用来作句子的状语,主要描述谓语动词的伴随状态或结果等。例如:

  1. Relaxed and happy, the students went out of the cinema. 那些学生走出了电影院,感到既轻松又愉快。

  2. Henry gave up his job in the company, very sad and disappointed. 亨利丢掉了公司里的工作,心里非常悲伤和沮丧。

  VI. When daylight came again two days after he died, his body was found. He looked more asleep than dead.在他去世后两天,重开天日时,人们找到了他的尸体。他看起来好像没死,而像是睡着了。

  【问】这里的more... than...可以翻译成“比……更(多)……”吗?

  【答】这里的more... than...最好翻译成“是……而不是……”,“不仅……而且……”等。例如:

  1. Professor Yuan Longping looks more a farmer than a scientist because he too often works on the farm. 由于经常在田间工作,袁隆平教授看起来像一位农夫而不像一位科学家。

  2. As we know, Francis Bacon was more a great writer than an outstanding scientist.正如我们所知道的那样,弗兰西斯·培根不仅是一位伟大作家,而且是一位杰出的科学家。

  VII. You can pick out the important bits, for it is one thing to write a letter,

  another to write history, one thing to write to a friend, another to write to the public.你可以从中挑选一些重要的东西,因为写信跟写历史是两码事;写给朋友是一码事,而写给公众则是另一码事。

  【问】 请问,for引导的句子与because引导的句子有何不同?

  【答】 because是一个连词,引导的是一个原因状语从句,用来强调原因;而for引导的是一个并列句,用来补充说明某一情况;because引导的从句可以放在前面也可以放在后面,而for引导的句子则必须放在后面,对前面的句子起解释说明作用。请比较:

  1. Because his bike was broken, he came very late. (强调原因)

  =He came very late because his bike was broken. 因为他的自行车坏了,所以来得很迟。

  2. They went out for a walk, for it was a fine day.(补充说明) 他们出去散步,(因为)外面的天气非常好。

  VIII. “Will she live through this? ”“Ship... may... through this... all right yet,”the captain shouted. “她会度过这一关吗?”“她也许会度过这一关而安然无恙的。”船长大喊道。

  【问】 句子中she指代的是什么?

  【答】 这里的代词she指的是那艘大船。英语中人称代词she通常被用来指代前面提到的车、船或国家等,强调说话人赋予一种感情色彩。例如:

  1. China is a great country. All the Chinse people love her very much. 中国是一个伟大的国家。全中国人民深爱着她。

  2. My uncle gave me the car as a present. She is a very nice one. 我舅舅送给我一辆小汽车,她是一辆非常漂亮的车。

  (文/张宝顺; 英语通高二版 04~05学年度第12期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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