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高中英语课外辅导:高考“宠儿”but
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/02/25 14:11  英语辅导报

  but在英语中是一个非常活跃的词,因此它备受高考命题者的青睐,2004年,共有五个省、市的试卷出现了有关but的命题,由此可见but在中学英语中的重要性。那么,but有哪些用法呢?且看本文为你完全解读。

  一、but作连词

  but作为连词连接同等成分或句子表示转折时,有以下两种情况:

  1. but连接两个并列分句,多译为“但是”。如:

  Mary is a nice girl, but she has one shortcoming. 玛丽是一个好姑娘,但她有一个缺点。

  He is not a foreigner, but he speaks English with an accent of America. 他不是外国人,但他说英语时带有美国口音。

  考题展示:

  1) The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ________ they will save us money in the long run.

  A. or B. since C. for D. but (Key: D)

  2) —I don't like chicken ________ fish.

  —I don't like chicken, ________ I like fish very much.

  A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or; and (Key: C)

  2. but在表示歉意的话后,引起一个句子(通常不能译为“但是”,一般不译出)。如:

  I'm sorry, but I disagree with you. 对不起,我和你意见相左。

  Excuse me, but aren't you Mr. Green? 对不起,难道你不是格林先生吗?

  考题展示:

  I hope you don't mind me asking, ________ where did you buy those shoes?

  A. so B. and C. yet D. but (Key: D)

  二、but作介词

  but作为介词,意为“除……以外”, 相当于except。它只能作后置定语。句子谓语动词的单复数和but前面的名词或代词一致。如:

  I have read all the books here but one. 这儿的书除一本外,我全读了。

  Nothing but some desks was left in the room. 房间里除了一些课桌外什么也没有。

  考题展示:

  1) All but one ________ here just now.

  A. is B. was C. has been D. were (Key: D)

  2) Nobody but Jane ________ the secret.

  A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known (Key: B)

  三、but构成的短语

  1. not only...but also“不仅……而且”,not only...but also可以连接两个名词、代词或从句,当连接两个名词、代词作主语时,谓语的数与相邻的名词或代词(即but also连接的名词)保持一致。如:

  Not only you but also he is right. 不仅你正确,他也正确。

  注意:not only...but also 连接两个句子时,如果not only位于句首,句子要部分倒装。如:

  Not only is he a teacher but also he is a doctor. 他不但是一位老师,而且还是一位医生。

  考题展示:

  Not only I but also Jane and Mary ________ tired of having one exhibition after another.

  A. is B. are C. am D. be (Key: B)

  2. cannot but “不得不”,“不禁要” ,其后面要跟不带to的不定式。如:

  I cannot but complain about the food. 我不得不抱怨这食物。

  He couldn't but do the housework by himself. 他只能自己做家务。

  3. do nothing but “只有”,“只好”,其后跟不带to的不定式。如:

  He does nothing but study hard. 他只有努力学习。

  We can do nothing but obey the order. 我们只能听从命令。

  4. have no choice but “不得不”,“别无选择”, 其后跟不带to的不定式。如:

  The hibernating animal has no choice but lie down and sleep. 冬眠动物别无选择,只好躺下睡觉。

  He has no choice but enter that college. 他不得不进入那所大学读书。

  5. but for “要不是” ,句子谓语要用虚拟语气。如:

  But for your help, I couldn't have succeeded. 要不是你的帮助,我不可能成功。

  But for the rain, we should have had a good journey. 要是不下雨的话,我们的旅行肯定愉快。

  (文/胡继云; 英语辅导报高二普及版 04~05学年度第25期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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