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高中英语课外辅导:从高考题看 it 的用法
http://www.sina.com.cn 2005/03/18 13:28  英语辅导报

  1. I like ________ in the autumn when the water is clear and bright.

  A. thisB. thatC. it D. one

  2. —Do you like ________ here?

  —Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.

  A. this B. these C. that D. it

  3. The Foreign Minister said, “________ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”

  A. This is B. There isC. That is D. It is

  这三道高考题均考查it的用法,答案分别为C,D,D。it的用法一直是高考命题的热点,同时也是学习中的重点与难点。现就it的常考点和特殊用法作以归纳。

  一、it作代词的用法

  1. 代替前面或后面的名词或分句等所表示的事物。

  Though we can not see it, there is air all around us. (it指代air)

  They said they had finished the work, but I can’t believe it. (it指代前一个分句)

  2. 代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西(包括婴儿)。

  When a baby is crying, it may be hungry. (it指代baby)

  3. 在口语中代替只闻其声但不见其人的人。

  —Who is it?

  —It’s me.

  [考例]

  1) Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ________ didn’t help.

  A. he B. which C. she D. it (Key: D)

  2) The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can move in.

  A. they B. it C. one D. which (Key: B)

  二、it作形式主语的用法

  it位于句首,作形式主语代替真正的主语不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句。

  1. It is easy to do the job. (it指代to do the job)

  2. It is no good going there. (it指代going there)

  3. It’s said that she came from London. (it指代that从句)

  [考例]

  1) Is ________ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

  A. this B. that C. it D. he (Key: C)

  2) ________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

  A. There B. This C. That D. It (Key: D)

  三、it作形式宾语的用法

  it放在think, make,find,feel等及物动词后作形式宾语,代替真正的宾语不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或宾语从句,在其后接宾语补足语,而把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。

  1. He thinks it very important to learn English well. (it指代to learn English well)

  2. The teacher thinks it no good reading without understanding. (it指代reading without understanding)

  3. I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here. (it指代that从句)

  [考例]

  1) I don’t think ________ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.

  A. this B. that C. its D. it (Key: D)

  2) I hate ________ when people talk with their mouths full.

  A. it B. that C. these D. them (Key: A)

  四、it用于强调句型

  为了强调句子的某一成分(除谓语外),将这一成分置于“It is (was)... that (who)... ”这一句型中is(was)之后。如果被强调部分是人,既可用that又可用who,其余的全部用that。这一句型也可用于一般疑问句、否定句或特殊疑问句。其特点是:去掉It is(was)及that (who)后,在不添词、不减词的前提下能重新构成一个意义完整的句子。

  1. It is Professor Liu who/that teaches us English. (强调主语)

  2. It is English that Professor Liu teaches us. (强调宾语)

  3. It was in Beijing that I saw the film. (强调地点状语)

  [考例]

  1) It was because of bad weather ________ the football match had to be put off.

  A. so B. so that C. why D. that (Key: D)

  2) It is the ability to do the job ________ matters not where you come from or what you are.

  A. it B. that C. one D. this (Key: B)

  (文/赵忠西 英语辅导报高三年级普及版2004-2005学年第21期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。)




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