Lesson Ten: The Tenth Man

　　1. Making his first entry ... 第一次进入.

　　另如:make a triumphant entry 凯旋进入;have free entry 可以自由进入.

　　2. abrupt : sudden/ unexpected 突然.

　　如:an abrupt departure 突然离开.

　　3. sullen : showing irritation or anger by a gloomy silence 愠怒的.

　　4. indifferent : without interest or concern 漠不关心,不在乎.

　　如: He seems indifferent to worldly success. 他似乎不在乎名利.

　　5. draw or cast lots : to settle a question by the use of lots 抽签.

　　6. Be bound to do sth.

　　bound : certain , sure 肯定.

　　如:We are bound to succeed. 我们肯定会成功.

　　7. Refasten: re + fasten

　　fasten : to attach firmly or securely in place or to something else 系牢,牢牢固定,绑住.

　　如:Please fasten your seat belt. 请系牢你的安全带.

　　fasten a boat to the quay 把船系于码头.

　　8. may as well : used to express an opinion about a reason for doing or not doing the action of the given verb 还是做......的好;不妨.......

　　如: If that's the case , you may as well have a try .如果情况果真如此,你不妨试试看.

　　Now that you're here, you may as well make yourself useful. 既然你在这里,你还是可以派上用场的.

　　9. mock : fun of 嘲笑.

　　如:His writings mocked the follies of the age. 他的著作嘲笑了那个时代的愚蠢.

　　The naught boys mocked his queer accent. 淘汰的男孩嘲笑他奇怪的口音.

　　His irresponsibility mocked my trust in him. 他的不负责任嘲弄了我对他的信任.

　　10. nag at : be a constant source of unease or irritation to 使苦恼不己.

　　如:The debt nagged at his conscience. 债务让他的良心痛苦不己.

　　11. narrow : limit , or restrict 限制.

　　如:The detectives narrowed the search to just three suspects. 侦探将调查对象限制到三个嫌犯.

　　decrease 缩小.

　　如:The gap between the rich and the poor should be narrowed. 贫富的差距应该缩小.

　　12. consent : to permit , approve , or agree 同意,批准.

　　如:My father didn't consent to our agreement at first. 我父亲最初不同意我们结婚.

　　We consented to a temporary agreement. 我们达成临时协议.

　　by common consent 经一致同意.

　　13. implore : beg urgently ; beseech 恳求.

　　如: I implored your forgiveness. 我恳求你宽恕我.

　　She implored him for mercy. 她恳求他宽容她.

　　We implored him to stay on. 我们恳求他再呆下去.

　　14. sum up : 总结.

　　如: We summed up merits and demerits of the scheme. 我们总结了这个计划的优缺点.

　　Could you sum up the main points of the lesson 你能否总结本课的要点

　　Lesson Twelve: Why I Write

　　1. Outrage: v. offend greatly 触犯,违反.如:outrage common sense 违反常识.

　　2. sooner or later: 迟早.如:Sooner or later, you will get yourselves deeply involved in trouble. 你迟早会让自己陷入麻烦之中.He would, sooner or later, realize the importance of… 他迟早会意识到……的重要性.

　　3. somewhat : in some measure or degree ; to some extent. 往往后跟形容词. 如:The result was somewhat surprising. 结果有些让人感到吃惊. He looked somewhat annoyed. 他显得有些不高兴.

　　4. facility : ability to perform something easily 灵巧,便利,熟练.如: He translated sth with great facility. 他翻译时驾轻就熟.He showed facility in painting. 他在画画方面显得很熟练.

　　5. narcissism :自恋,(精神分析)自我陶醉症.Narcissus (希腊

　　6. filter through : pass or slip through slowly 渗出,(光等)漏出透至.如:The new ideas are filtering into the children's minds.孩子们脑中出现了新的思想.Sunlight filtered through the window. 夕阳从窗户透进房间.Foreign influence began to filter into the country.外国的影响开始渗透进我国.

　　7. meticulous :taking or showing extreme care about small details.过分仔细的.如:She is meticulous in her dress.她对衣服极其在意.He is very meticulous in checking his accounts.他在查帐方面非常仔细.Our meticulous secretary never forgets anything .我们仔细的秘书从不会忘记什么.

　　8. Arresting: attracting attention; striking. 迷人的.如:a person of arresting good looks 有迷人的面貌的人.An arresting sight 一个引人注目的景象.

　　9. assess: evaluate 评估.如; assess the importance of …/the value of …评估……的重要性/价值; assess the situation 审时度势.Assessment n .

　　10. discipline: train and control the mind 控制.如:You should learn to discipline yourself more. 你应该学会更好地控制自己.

　　11. vary from…to…随着……而变化.如:Prices of vegetables vary from season to season .蔬菜价格随季节变化而变化.Opinions vary from individual to individual. 仁者见仁,智者见智.

　　12. strive after, for / against : to struggle hard to get or conquer 为……奋斗.如:strive for freedom / excellence 追求自由/卓越.

　　13. outweigh : to be more important than 比…..更重要,胜过. 如:My love for my parents outweighs everything else. 我对父母的爱重于一切. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages 有利因素大于不利因素吗

　　14. guise : general outside appearance 外观.如: an old idea in a new guise 新瓶装旧酒. in the guise of …… 打扮. 如: a thief in the guise of a salesman 打扮成推销员的小偷.

　　15. reconcile my ingrained likes and dislikes with… a. reconcile : accept or be resigned to something not desired.使和解,调解; 使能安于,将就接受.如: He had to reconcile himself to his fate .他必须接受自己的命运. reconcile work and rest 劳逸结合. He could not reconcile himself to such a low position . 他不能安于这样低的地位. reconcile one's ideal with reality 使理想与实际一致. b. ingrained 根深蒂固的.如: ingrained morality 根深蒂固的德行.

　　Lesson 13 work

　　1. Exceedingly irksome a. exceeding: extraordinary or exceptional exceedingly: extremely 极其. b. irksome irk : to annoy , esp. in a provoking or tedious way 令人讨厌. 如: It irks ane to do such tedious work. 做这样无聊的工作让我相一致感到厌烦 . irksome; tending to irk 令人厌倦的,厌烦的. -some . 加在名词,动词或形容词上构成形容词.另如: lonesome 孤独的,冷落的; quarrelsome 受吵架的; troublesome 麻烦的; wearisome 使人疲劳的,令人厌烦的.

　　2. an excess of work… excess : more than or above what is necessary 超过部分,过多.如: You should pay for the excess. 你应该支付超过部分. Excess of sorrow laughs, excess of joy weeps. 悲极而笑,喜极而泣. an excess of anger / an excess of enthusiasm 极其愤怒/热情.carry something to excess 把事情做得过火. in excess of 超过.如: He spent in excess of his income. 他过度奢侈,入不敷出.

　　3. provided (that): conj. if and only if; on condition that. 如果,只要.如: Provided (that) there is no opposition, we shall proceed to carry out the plan. 如果没有反对,我们就开始执行计划. Provided you pay him he will take the work. 如果你给他钱,他会干那活.

　　4. mere relief of tedium relief: feeling of comfort at the ending of anxiety, fear or pain 放松.如:What a relief ! 心里多么放松啊! relief of pain /anxiety 缓解痛楚/紧张.

　　5. at a loss: bewildered or uncertain 不知所措.如: For a moment I was at a loss. 有一阵子我不知所措.He was at a loss for an explanation of the affair. 他不知道该如何解释那件事.We are at a loss to understand his motive. 我们对于他的动机一点也不能理解.

　　6. drudgery :苦工 drudge :a person who does menial, dull or hard work. 勤苦地做单调乏味的苦工的人.

　　7.sensation(s) : Widespread excitement or interest. 轰动.

　　8. first and foremost: 首先,最主要的.如:Though he has written many books, he's first and foremost a poet. 尽管他写过几本书,他首先是个诗人. First and foremost, we must have freedom. 最重要的是同我们必须有自由.

　　9. impair : to make worse; damage 损害.如:His reputation was impaired by his mistakes. 他的声誉受到他的错误的损害.His excessive work impaired his health. 他过度的工作损害了他的健康.

　　10. Procure: obtain sth. by careful attention or effort 获得.如: He procured me employment. 他为我谋得一份工作.

　　11.at large (放在名词后面) :as a whole 整个的,一般的.如: Boys at large like sports.男孩一般喜爱运动. the public at large 社会大众.

　　12. In the long run: in the end. 从长远来说,最后.如: in long run , you have to pay the price for your follies.你最终要为你的愚蠢付出代价. You will benefit in the long run. 你最终会受益.

　　13.has acquired his maximum skill maximum : (being) the highest amount, value, or degree that can be reached 最大限度.如: My maximum is 240. 我最高记录是240分. He smokes a maximum of 30 cigarettes a day. 他最多一天抽30根香烟. My salary is not at its maximum yet. 我的工资还未到最高水平. It requires your maximum effort. 这件事要求你做出最大努力. maximize :最大化. 如: maximize one's potential / profits 最大限度发挥潜力/获得利益. 反义词: minimum 最少. 如:It requires a minimum of five day's work.这最少需要五天工作. a minimum of temperature / wage / height 最低气温/工资/身高. Minimize the consequences / the risks. / the formalities 将后果/风险/手续减到最少.

　　14.at any rate :in any event ; in any case 不管怎样.如:I will leave him alone at any rate. 无论如何,我不会理他.

　　15.apt :likely , having a tendency 常会,容易(有某种倾向).如:A careless person is apt to make mistakes. 粗心的人容易犯错误.

　　Lesson Fourteen: I would like to tell you something

　　1.testify to : give or provide evidence about something 证明.I'll testify to his exceptional ability. How can you testify to the reliability of the wit ness vt. His words testify his reluctance to help me. His tears testified his grief. vi. State or declare under oath, usually in court 作证. n. testimony : bear(be) testimony of 表明. Winning the scholarship is testimony of intelligence.

　　2. be tantamount t adj. equivalent in effect or meaning (实质上)等于,相当于.如:His answer is tantamount to a refusal.

　　3. Rampant: growing or spreading steadily and without stopping; widespread; a rampant rumor (disease)

　　4.take…lying down 甘心接受(不愉快情况).如: He took the defeat lying down. I cannot take that insult lying down.

　　5.not give a damn : 一点不在乎. I don't give a damn what they say. 我一点也不在乎他们说什么.

　　6.what if…假使……又怎样 What will happen if… What if he fails to help us What if they should be in love

　　7.in terms of : with regard to, concerning 就…….来说,从……角度.如:In terms of salary, the job is guite good. In terms of natural resources, it is one of the richest countries in the world.

　　8. Want n.: lack, absence, or need; often in the phr. for/from want of 由于缺乏.如:The plants died for/from want of water.

　　9. Spuander: spend foolishly; use up waste fully.

　　Lesson Fifteen the Beauty Industry

　　1. substantially : to a large degree 大体上,基本上.如:Their opinions are substantially the same. His criticism is substantially correct.

　　2. Prodigious: a. extraordinary in size, amount, and etc. 巨大的,莫大的.Prodigal a. 浪费的,挥霍的,放荡的.

　　3. cult of beauty 对美的崇拜 the cult of surfing 冲浪狂 the personality cult 个人崇拜

　　4. Retrench: to reduce or diminish, esp. so as to economize 减少,节省.如:The company began to retrench its work force.

　　5. be preoccupied with : 专注于,有心事,如:When he is preoccupied with his hobby, he is oblivious of what is going on around him. They were preoccupied with their thoughts.

　　6. intrinsically-----intrinsic : belonging to or being part of a thing by its value 本来具有的,固有的.如:intrinsic value 内在价值 intrinsic energy 内能.

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