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[题目译文]
二战后美国之所以取得了优势地位是因为 。
[A] 该国为实现这一目标而付出了艰苦的努力
[B] 其国内市场是过去的八倍
[C] 战争摧毁了大部分潜在竞争对手的经济
[D] 该国无可比拟的劳动力大军对经济起到了推动作用
52. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American_____.
[A] TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
[B] semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises
[C] machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
[D] auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
[答案] D
[解题思路]
本题的对应信息在文章的第二段。第五句及其括号中的内容说“By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith.(Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea’s LG Electronics in July.)”(面对国外竞争,一些像消费电子产业之类的大型美国工业已经萎缩或渐渐消失。到1987年,美国只剩下Zenith一家电视生产商。(现在一家也没有了:Zenith于当年7月被韩国LG电器公司收购。)),这说明电视机产业即使在国内市场也几乎已经消失了,因此A选项正确。B选项对应于该段最后一句“For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty”(在新计算机时代有着核心作用的半导体正是美国人发明的,但是有一段时期这个产业也似乎面临崩溃),文中认为半导体工业被外国企业接管是一种可能性,并没有选项表述地这么绝对,因此B选项也错误。C选项对应于该段倒数第二句话“Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes”(外国制造的汽车和纺织品正大举涌入国内市场。美国的机床工业也即将消失),选项认为该行业已经崩溃,不符合题意。D选项对应于该段第三句话“By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness”(到了20世纪80年代中期,面对其日益衰退的工业竞争力,美国人感到不知所措),因此选项的表述是符合原文的。
[题目译文]
美国在20世纪80年的世界经济中失去了统治地位,这可以通过以下 事实表现出来。
[A] 其电视行业退回到了国内市场
[B] 半导体工业被外国企业接管
[C] 机床业在其自杀性行为后倒闭
[D] 汽车业失去了部分国内市场
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