l or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.

　　Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.

　　51. The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as ________.

　　[A] sociology and chemistry

　　[B] physics and psychology

　　[C] sociology and psychology

　　[D] physics and chemistry

　　[答案] D

　　[解题思路]

　　本题的对应信息在文章第二段最后一句话的前半句“The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training”(这种趋势特别是在以数学和实验室训练为基础的科学领内自然表现得尤为明显)，可见题目指的那些学科主要指以数学和试验训练为基础的自然科学，而不包括社会科学。选项中由于sociology和psychology都属于社会科学范畴，因而可以排除A、B、C选项，D为正确答案。

　　[题目译文]

　　19世纪专业化的发展得到更明显表现的学科有 。

　　[A] 社会学和化学

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