1. 词语含义的理解

　　[1] Common sense is the measure of the possible；it is composed of experience and prevision；it is calculation applied to life。

　　☆ 常识是对可能性的衡量；它由经验和预见构成；它是应用在生活中的度量衡。

　　[2] If the failures of this world could realize how desperate half the present-day geniuses once felt，they would take heart and try again。

　　☆ 世上的失败者若能了解到当今的天才曾经有半数一度感到过多绝望，他们就会振作精神，再次努力。

　　[3] Intellectual endowments，internal drive，diligent working attitude and  indomitable spirit all are prerequisites of the success of scientific research。

　　☆ 聪明的天资、内在的动力、勤奋的工作态度和不屈不挠的精神，这些都是科学研究成功的前提。

　　2. 反义词的理解

　　[4] The reasonable man adapts himself to the world；the unreasonable one persists in trying to adapt the would to himself。

　　☆ 明白事理的人使自己适应世界，不明事理的人硬要世界适应自己。

　　3. 派生词的理解

　　[5] Increased means and increased leisure are the two civilizers of man。

　　☆ 越来越多的工具和越来越多的闲暇是使人们获得文明的两个要素。

　　[6] To think too long about doing a thing often becomes its undoing.                      

　　☆ 为做一件事情考虑太久常常做不成这件事。

　　[7] We exaggerate misfortune and happiness alike. We are never either so wretched or so happy as we say we are。

　　☆ 不幸和幸福被我们同样夸大了。我们从不像我们所说的那么痛苦，也从不那么快乐。

　　4. 比喻含意的理解

　　[8] Originality is unexplored territory. You get there by carrying a canoe—you can’t take a taxi。

　　☆ 创新是未开交的区域，你要到达那儿，只能独自去闯，不能搭便车。

　　5. 对比关系的理解

　　[9] It may be more comfortable to never make mistakes，but those men who， in their urge to be right once，make a thousand mistakes，are more useful to humanity。

　　☆ 永不犯错固然很好，但那些为了一次正确，而不惜犯一千次错误的人对大类更有用。

　　[10] Most arts require long study and application, but the most useful of all, that of pleasing, requires only the desire。

　　☆ 绝大多数艺术家需要长久的学习和实践，而最有用的艺术，即取悦人的艺术，自需要有此愿望。

　　[11] Real courage is when you know you’re licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and see it through no matter what.                   

　　☆ 真正的勇气是在开始之前你就知道已经败了，但仍然着手去做，而且不管发生什么事都把它做到底。

　　[12]  It is seldom very hard to do one’s duty when one knows what it is，but it is often exceedingly difficult to find this out.                             

　　☆ 在知道自己的责任时时尽责往往并不困难，但弄清责任何在常常极其费力。

　　[13]  It is not money，as is sometimes said，but the love of money—the excessive，selfish，covetous love of money，that is the root of all evil。

　　☆ 全钱并非如人们有时所说的那样是万恶之源。对金钱的追求一过度的、自私的、贪婪的追求，才是真正的根源。

　　[14]  What is called a great master is a person who sees with his own eyes what others have seen， but he can find beauty in the common sights.   →V+A+O

　　☆ 所谓大师就是这样的人，他以自己的眼睛看别人看到过的东西，但是能够从常见的东西中发现美。

　　[15] The drop of rain makes a hole in the stone，not by violence，but by the frequency of falling。

　　☆ 滴水穿石靠的不是强力，而是不断的下落。

　　[16] The worst sin towards our fellow creatures is not to hate them，but to be indifferent to them. That’s the essence of inhumanity。

　　☆ 我们对作为同类的其他人所犯下的最大罪过不是憎恨，而是漠不关心，那是不近人情的本质。

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