十三、省略(Ellipsis)_新浪教育

十三、省略(Ellipsis)

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/05/29 14:42 北航出版社

　　省略在语言中，尤其在对话中，是一种常见的现象，它可以使语言简洁明了。英语里被省略部分一般可以在句子中补上，但有时省略结构已成定型，如把省略部分补上，反而不合乎习惯。本节所涉及的内容是有关考研试题中常见的句法上的省略。

　　例1: We hope the measures to control prices, taken by the government, will succeed.

　　A. when 　B. as　 C. since 　D. after

　　[答案] B. as

　　[注释]本句是as引导的特殊状语从句的省略型，翻译时作定语从句处理，可理解为省略了they have been。

　　[译文]我们希望，政府采取的控制物价的措施将会取得成功。

　　例2: The business of each day, selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

　　A. it being B. be it C. was itD. it was

　　[答案] B.be it

　　[注释]本题是省略whether和might后主谓倒装的让步状语从句，恢复后应为whether it might be selling goods or shipping them。

　　[译文]每天的业务，不管是卖货还是运货，都进行得很顺利。

　　例3: The project requires more labor than because it is extremely difficult.

　　A. has been put in B. have been put in

　　C. being put in D. to be put in

　　[答案] A. has been put in

　　[注释]本题可理解为than后省略了the labor that的比较状语从句。

　　[译文]这个项目需要的劳动力比已经投入的还多，因为项目任务十分艰巨。

　　例4: Though in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of smalltown life.

　　A. raised B. grown C. developed D. cultivated

　　[答案] A. raised

　　[注释]本题虽然是词汇试题，但though连接的是省略的让步状语从句，省略了主语和助动词he was。

　　[译文]虽然Dave Mitchell长在旧金山，但他总是宁愿记录小镇生活的平淡事实。

　　例5: Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of AfroAmerican poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.

　　A. is to be analyzed B. has been analyzed

　　C. be analyzed D. should have been analyzed

　　[答案] C. be analyzed

　　[注释]本题答案是省略should的虚拟语气，因为主句中insistence是欲望名词，故同位语从句中谓语须用虚拟语气。

　　[译文]吉恩·华格纳对美国黑人诗歌研究的不朽贡献是他主张不仅要用世俗的，而且应该用宗教的观点来分析研究美国黑人诗歌。

　　例6: Just as the soil is a part of the earth, the atmosphere.

　　A. as it is B. the same is C. so is D. and so is

　　[答案] C.so is

　　[注释]本题测试just as..., so... (就像……一样，……也……)句型的用法。jsut as..., so...引导对比从句，在so引导的分句中往往省略一些句子成分。本题如恢复，则应为so the atmosphere is a part of the earth。

　　[译文]就像土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气也是地球的一部分。

　　例7: No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything going on in the world.

　　A. it is B. as is C. there is D. what is

　　[答案] C. there is

　　[注释]以there be为谓语动词的定语从句中，如关系代词作主语，则往往省略。

　　[译文]没有人会有时间去读或听讲述世界上发生的每一件事情。

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