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中考英语常见错误C之三http://www.sina.com.cn
2008年03月12日 16:53 英语教师网
come [误] I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday. [正] I came across an old friend in the street yesterday. [析] come across是"偶然碰见、遇见",要直接加宾语,如:I've just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine. [误] Where do you come from? I come from the station. [正] Where did you come from? I came from the station. [正] Where do you come from? I come from China. [析] Where do you come from?意为"你是什么地方的人?"而Where did you come from?则是"你从何处来?" [误] The stars are coming out from the cloud. [正] The stars are coming out of the cloud. [析] come out of意为"从……地方出来"。 come in come into enter come in与come into的意义相同,但come into后面要加宾语,而come in后面不用宾语。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in. enter常作为及物动词使用,如:The bus entered the English tunnel. congratulate [误] I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart. [正] I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart. [析] 动词congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝贺某事"。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数,如:I offered him my congratulations on his success. 又如:Congratulations! cook [误] My father is a good cooker. [正] My father is a good cook. [析] 很多动词加上er则变为执行该动作的一种人,如workworker,teachteacher. 但cook即是动词"做饭",同时名词也是"厨师"。而cooker则是"厨具"、"炊具"之意。如:I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker(高压锅)。 corner [误] There is a post office in the corner of the street. [正] There is a post office at the corner of the street. [误] A girl sat at the corner of the room. [正] A girl sat in the corner of the room. [析] in the corner是在建筑物内部的角上,而at the corner是在外部的角上,如:There is a big tree at the corner of the building. cost [误] I cost ten dollars for the book. [正] I spent ten dollars on the book. [误] I cost two hours to do my homework. [正] It took me two hours to do my homework. [析] cost, spend. take都可以作"花费"讲,但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+时间或金钱",如:The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+时间+(in)doing something",如:I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金钱+on something",如:I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:"It+takes+somebody+时间+to do something", 如:It took me an hour to clean the classroom. country [误] You can find cows in a country. [正] You can find cows in the country. [析] country即可作"国家"讲,也可作"农村"讲。当作"农村"讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式。例如: [误] Farmers live in the countries. [正] Farmers live in the country. [析] 但作为"国家"讲时则可有单、复数形式,例如:Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的国家,如:New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族组成的国家,如:The Chinese nation(中华民族)。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围,如:the state farm(国营农场)。 cross [误] There are traffic lights at the cross. [正] There are traffic lights at the crossing. [析] cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西,如:Red Cross(红十字会)。 [误] The little boy is going to across the street. [正] The little boy is going to cross the street. [析] across是副词或介词,但不能作动词用。 cross pass cross是指横过某地,如:He crossed the square. 而pass则强调从某物体旁经过,如:I mailed some letters when I passed the post office. 特别说明:由于各方面情况的不断调整与变化,新浪网所提供的所有考试信息仅供参考,敬请考生以权威部门公布的正式信息为准。
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