abash v.使困窘；使局促不安

　　同 embarrass, shame

　　Ellen was abashed at the thought of making a speech in front of her entire school.

　　爱伦一想到要在全校师生面前演讲就觉得局促不安。

　　adequate adj.足够的；适当的

　　同 sufficient, ample, suitable, enough

　　Mother decided that we had adequate rice for the week, so she didn't buy any at the store.

　　妈妈认为我们的米这个星期还够吃，所以就没去商店买。

　　aloof①adj.漠不关心的②adv.远离地

　　同1.indifferent, detached 2.apart, at a distance

　　The principal kept himself aloof from the arguments between the teachers.

　　校长置身事外，不想卷入老师间的纷争。

　　Aptitude n.能力；资质

　　同flair, gift, knack

　　Dean's aptitude in math helped him to become a successful engineer.

　　迪安在数学方面的才能使他成为一名成功的工程师。

　　ban n./v.禁止

　　同(v.) forbid, prohibit; (n.) restriction

　　The country banned the sale of ivory in an effort to stop the poaching of elephants.

　　该国禁止买卖象牙，以遏止非法猎杀大象。*poach v.偷猎

　　calm ①adj.平静的②v.使安静

　　同1.mild, gentle, serene, pacific, tranquil 2.still, pacify

　　Richard seemed very calm when he answered his wife, even though he was really very nervous.

　　理查德回答他妻子时似乎十分冷静，然而事实上却是非常紧张。

　　chapel n.小教堂

　　同oratory

　　On our tour of the castle, we saw the private chapelswheresthe king prayed.

　　参观城堡时，我们看到了国王祷告用的私人小教堂。

　　compulsory adj.强迫的；义务的

　　同obligatory, required, requisite, mandatory

　　Elementary education is compulsory in almost every country in the world.

　　在全世界几乎所有的国家中，小学教育都是义务的。

　　Contemptuous adj.轻蔑的v. contempt

　　同scornful, sneering, disdainful

　　Samuel made some contemptuous remarks about how no one in the office worked hard.塞缪尔用轻蔑的语气说，办公室里没有人在认真工作。

　　Dank adj.潮湿的 同damp, moist, wet, soggy

　　The basement in our house is dark and dank, so it is full of mold.

　　我们家的地下室又暗又潮湿，里面长满了霉。

　　Depose v.废除(王位)；罢黜

　　同 dethrone, oust

　　The angry citizens wanted the king to be deposed.

　　愤怒的人民想要罢黜国王。

　　Discord n.意见不合

　　同disharmony, dispute, conflict, quarrel

　　We should try to talk with each other about our feelings, so there will be no discord among us.

　　我们应该谈谈彼此的感想，这样才不会意见不合。

　　educe v.引出

　　同bring out, draw forth, elicit

　　The teacher was unable to educe an answer from her pupils.

　　老师无法从学生口中得到任何答案。

　　endorse v.赞同；背书

　　同approve, support, sanction, advocate

　　The political party endorsed Mark Smith as their candidate for governor.

　　该政党同意马克-史密斯为该党的州长候选人。

　　esteem n.尊敬同respect, honor, reverence

　　I have the highest esteem for my colleague, Mark Smith.

　　我对我的同事马克-史密斯极为尊敬。

　　facet n. (事物的)一面

　　同aspect, face, side, part

　　Being a well-paid business woman is only one facet of her life.高薪阶层职业妇女的身份只是她生活的一个方面。

　　Exercise: Fill in the blanks.

　　1. I didn't have _____ time to finish the book before class.

　　2. If the United States _____ the import of their products, their economy will suffer.

　　3. All students at the university had to pass a _____ swimming test.

　　4. _____ between the two political parties lessened slightly after the elections.

　　5. The low _____ they felt for him was obvious when they ignored his every word.

　　解答:1. Adequate 2. Bans 3. Compulsory 4. Discord 5. esteem

　　fluctuate v.波动；变动

　　同alternate, wave

　　Some investors panic when stock prices fluctuate wildly.

　　当股票价格大幅波动时,一些投资者便开始恐慌起来。

　　gainsay v.否认

　　同deny, disagree

　　There was no gainsaying the astronomer's knowledge about the planets.

　　这位天文学家对于行星的知识是毋庸置疑的。

　　*astronomer n.天文学家

　　hybrid n.混种；混血儿

　　同half-breed, mixture

　　Scientists have developed a hybrid of rice that is more resistant to diseases and insects.

　　科学家已开发出一种对疾病与虫害更具抵抗力的杂交水稻。

　　idiom n.习语；惯用语

　　同expression, phrase

　　When studying a foreign language, idioms are often the most difficult thing to learn.

　　学习外语时，习语常是其中最难学的部分。

　　Inappropriate adj.不适合的

　　同unsuitable, improper, unfit, incongruous

　　This movie is very violent and is inappropriate for children to watch.

　　这部电影暴力倾向严重，不适合儿童观看。

　　innocuous adj.无害的

　　同harmless, inoffensive, vapid, insipid, innocent

　　I don't understand how such an innocuous children's book could cause such an uproar.

　　我不明白为何这本对儿童无害的书竟会引起如此的骚动。

　　*uproar n.骚动

　　jerk n.拉扯

　　同twitch, pull, yank

　　I felt a jerk on my sleeve, then realized it was just a tree branch.

　　我觉得有人拉我的袖子，后来发现只不过是树枝而已。

　　laconic adj.简洁的

　　同concise, compact, pithy, short, succinct

　　Henry's date was very laconic, only saying two sentences the entire evening.

　　亨利的约会十分简洁，整晚他只说了两句话。

　　lumber n.木材

　　同wood, timber, logs

　　A lot of lumber was needed to build the Smith's new house.

　　建造史密斯的新家需要大量木材。

　　magnify v.放大

　　同enlarge, expand, amplify, augment

　　Danny used a lens to magnify the tiny insect.

　　丹尼利用镜片来放大那只微小的昆虫。*lens n. (pl.)镜片

　　maritime adj.海洋的

　　同marine, oceanic, nautical, seafaring

　　The city is building a maritime museum near the harbor.

　　该市正在港口附近建造一座海洋博物馆。

　　merge v.合并

　　同combine, blend, amalgamate

　　The two mountain streams merged to form a single stream.

　　这两条山间的小溪汇合成一条河流。

　　obsequious adj.逢迎的；谄媚的

　　同abject, servile, fawning, cringing

　　The manager's obsequious assistant annoyed the other employees in the department.

　　谄媚的经理助手惹恼了部门内的其他职员。

　　ornate adj.装饰的；华丽的

　　同beautiful, ornamented, elaborate

　　For my birthday, my father gave me a pair of ornate silver earrings.

　　父亲送给我一对华丽的银耳环作为我的生日礼物。

　　pact n.协定；条约

　　同agreement, treaty, compact, contract

　　The two countries signed a pact to end their fighting.

　　这两国签署了一项终止战争的协定。

　　perpendicular adj.垂直的

　　同at a right angle, steep, upright

　　Main Street runs perpendicular to Pine Street, and they meet at the city library.梅因街和松树街垂直交汇，路口就是市立图书馆。

　　plume n.羽毛

　　同feather, plumage

　　The plumes of the peacock are beautiful and brightly colored.

　　孔雀的羽毛十分华丽而且颜色鲜艳。

　　Exercise: Fill in the blanks.

　　1. It is _____ to wear a T-shirt and jeans to a wedding ceremony.

　　2. The teacher's _____ explanation answered all our questions.

　　3. The cell was _____ ten times under the lens of the microscope.

　　4. These two banks have _____ to form the largest bank in the country.

　　5. The trade _____ was the most important agreement ever signed between the two countries.

　　解答:1. Inappropriate 2. Laconic 3. Magnified 4. Merged 5. pact

　　prickly adj.麻烦的

　　同complicated, troublesome, intricate, trying

　　She doesn't know how to deal with the prickly problem of inviting her ex-boyfriend to her wedding.

　　她不知道该如何处理邀请前任男友参加婚礼这种麻烦问题。

　　querulous adj.爱抱怨的；发牢骚的

　　同complaining, discontented, fretful

　　The child's querulous questions were driving me crazy.

　　那小孩所抱怨的问题快令我发疯了。

　　radical adj.①基本的②偏激的

　　同1.basic, fundamental 2.extreme, rash, drastic

　　There was a radical difference between the two professors' theories.

　　这两位教授的理论有根本的不同。

　　relinquish v.放弃；撤退

　　同give up, forgo, disclaim, renounce

　　Nora was not willing to relinquish her high paying job for more free time.

　　诺拉不愿意为了拥有更多的空闲时间而放弃高薪的工作。

　　retard v.阻碍

　　同delay, hold up, stunt, impede

　　Lack of sunlight will retard the growth of most plants.

　　缺乏阳光会妨碍大多数植物的生长。

　　saline adj.咸的同salty

　　Ocean water is so saline that you cannot drink it.

　　海水太咸而不能饮用。

　　sequel n.续集同consequence, continuation

　　Scarlett is the immensely popular sequel to Gone with the Wind.

　　《斯嘉丽》是《飘》极受欢迎的续集。

　　slogan n.标语；口号

　　同motto, catch-phrase

　　The advertising company had to come up with a good slogan for the new brand of soda.

　　广告公司必须为这种新牌子的汽水想一个很好的广告语。

　　spontaneous adj.自然的

　　同natural, impulsive, ingenuous, instinctive

　　Thesgroupsof children on the bus began a spontaneous singing of songs.

　　公交车上的那群小孩很自然地唱起歌来。

　　strenuous adj.费力的；奋斗的

　　同energetic, ardent, arduous, vigorous

　　Ralph was not used to strenuous exercise, and hiking up the hill exhausted him.

　　拉尔夫不习惯费力的运动，所以登山使他筋疲力尽。

　　surmise v.臆测

　　同guess, presume, conjecture, suppose

　　We surmised by the clothes she was wearing that she was a chef.

　　我们由她的穿着推断她是主厨。

　　Tactic n.策略

　　同maneuver, strategy

　　Harry often cleans his room as a tactic to avoid doing his homework.

　　哈里常以打扫房间作为逃避做作业的计策。

　　Tier n.层

　　同layer, stratum

　　The newly-married couple had a three-tiered wedding cake at the banquet.

　　这对新婚夫妇在喜宴上摆了一个三层的蛋糕。

　　*banquet n.宴会

　　ultimatum n.最后通牒；哀的美敦书

　　同demand, exaction, requirement

　　The kidnapper's ultimatum was two million dollars by midnight, or the man would be killed.

　　绑匪发出最后通牒，称在午夜以前须备妥200万元，否则那名男子将遭杀害。

　　vagabond n.流浪汉

　　同wanderer, vagrant, hobo

　　Many vagabonds gathered at the back of this restaurant to find food.

　　许多流浪汉聚集在这家餐厅的后面找寻食物。

　　walkout n.罢工

　　同protest, strike, stoppage

　　Factory workers staged a walkout to protest for proper working conditions.

　　工厂的工人为了争取合理的工作环境而发动了罢工。

　　yearn v.渴望

　　同desire, long for, covet, hunger

　　Elsa yearns for the day she can return to her native country.

　　埃尔莎渴望有朝一日能回到自己的祖国。

　　Exercise: Fill in the blanks.

　　1. Lack of money will definitely _____ our project's progress.

　　2. Thomas suddenly stood on the restaurant table and brokesintos_____ song.

　　3. Nora has developed many _____ to avoid runningsintosher boss in the hallways of the office.

　　4. The _____ found a bench in the park to sleep on for the night.

　　5. He was _____ to return to his home once more and see his family.

　　解答:1. Retard 2. Spontaneous 3. Tactics 4. Vagabond 5. yearning