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第四十六课：重点复习

http://www.sina.com.cn 2003/10/17 12:26 新浪教育

　　课文翻译

　　1Reading comprehension阅读理解………………

　　WINTER SLEEP

　　冬眠

　　Some birds will fly away to the south when the weather turns cold. Other

　　当天气转冷时，有些飞禽就向南方飞去，其余的

　　birds and all animals stay with you, but you will not see all the animals

　　飞禽和所有的动物则和你一起留了下来，但你不会在整个冬天都看

　　throughout the winter. In the cold weather some of them hibernate.

　　这些动物。在寒冷的天气里，它们有的冬眠了。

　　They go to sleep in all kinds of places. Red squirrels disappear inside

　　它们到各种各样的地方去睡觉。红松鼠藏到了树里面；

　　trees, bears use caves, frogs go deep under the mud, and many other animals

　　熊躲进洞穴；青蛙钻入泥土深处；而许多其他的动物

　　dig holes in the earth. A good many animals sleep under the snow. There is a

　　则在地里挖洞。许多动物睡在雪的下面。疏松的

　　lot of air in loose snow, and this helps to keep the cold out.

　　雪里有大量的空气，这有助于御寒。

　　Some warmblooded animals, like the cat, the dog or the wolf, do not

　　一些温血动物，如猫、狗、狼，不

　　need to hibernate; they lead an active life which keeps up their normal body

　　需要冬眠，它们生活得很活跃，

　　temperature even in very cold winter weather. But for a coldblooded animal

　　即使在严寒的冬天也能保持正常的体温。但是对于冷血动物，

　　such as a frog or a snake it is a different matter. When the air temperature is

　　如青蛙和蛇，情况就不同了。当气温见

　　below freezing, its body temperature drops too. It cannot move about in its

　　低于冰点时，冷血动物的体温也都降低，它就不能像平时

　　usual way. Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep. To do that, it

　　那样到处活动了。于是只好躺下睡觉，别无选择。为此，它

　　must find a placeswheresit can keep fairly warm; and it must be a place where

　　必须找一个可以保暖的地方，而且必须是

　　its enemies cannot find it.

　　它的敌人找不到它的地方。

　　Hibernation is more than sleep. It is a very deep sleep. The animal's

　　冬眠不仅仅是睡眠，而是睡得很深。动物的

　　temperature drops to just over zero centigrade, and its heart beats very slowly.

　　体温刚好降到零摄氏度以上，心脏跳动得非常缓慢。

　　People who find hibernating animals asleep often think that they are dead; the

　　人们看到处于冬眠状态的动物，常常以为它们死了。

　　body feels very cold, and the animal may breathe only once every five minutes.

　　它们的身体摸上去冰凉，五分钟才呼吸一次。

　　A hibernating animal cannot feel any pain. You can touch it, or even pull its

　　冬眠的动物感觉不到任何疼痛。你可以摸它，甚至拉它

　　tail, without causing it to move or wake up.

　　的尾巴，而不会使它动一动或醒过来。

　　Hibernating in that way, the animal can sleep all through the winter. You

　　利用这种方式冬眠，动物就可以睡过整个冬天。你

　　might wonder how it manages to live without eating for so many months. The

　　也许会觉得奇怪，它好几个月不吃东西，怎么能活下去呢?这可以

　　answer lies in two facts. The first is that it has stored supplies of fat in its body

　　从两个方面的事实中找到答案。第一，在夏秋两季，动物

　　during the summer and autumn. The second is connected with the main use the

　　的体内贮存了大量的脂肪。第二，与食物对身体的主要

　　body makes of food—to supply the energy for movement. We have seen that

　　用途——即食物供给身体活动所需的能量有关。我们已经看到

　　the hibernating animal reduces movement to far below the ordinary level. Even

　　冬眠动物的活动量减少到远远低于一般的水平，

　　the movements of the heart and lungs are greatly reduced. The animal hardly

　　连心肺的活动量也大大减少了。冬眠动物几乎没有什么活动，

　　makes any movement, hardly uses any energy, and hardly needs any food.

　　也就几乎不消耗什么能量，因此也就几乎不需要什么食物了。

　　Some animals, including some bears, only halfhibernate. That is to say,

　　有些动物，包括一些熊，只是半冬眠。这就是说，

　　they sleep during the winter but their sleep is not such a deep one, and their

　　它们在冬季都要睡觉，但是睡得不那么深，体温

　　body temperature does not drop. In autumn the bear eats and eats and becomes

　　也不下降。在秋天，熊吃了又吃，长得真是

　　very fat indeed. Its hair grows longer. Soon it has a thick covering of fat and

　　肥极了。它的毛也长得更长了，很快地它就全身裹上了一层厚厚的

　　fur. In November it finds a place in a cave or under a tree and just lies down

　　脂肪和毛。到了十一月，它就在洞里或在树底下找一块地方躺下

　　and goes to sleep. On warm winter days it may think that spring has arrived; it

　　睡觉了。在冬天暖和的日子里，它可能以为春天到了，

　　gets up and walks around. When it sees that the snow is still thick on the

　　便起来四处走动。当它看到地上的积雪依然很厚时，

　　ground, it quickly goes to sleep again.

　　便又很快地去睡了。

　　The squirrel is an animal which makes secret food stores for the winter. It

　　松鼠是一种能为过冬暗藏食物的动物。它

　　hides large quantities of nuts inside trees. In old stories, the squirrel was usu-

　　把大量的坚果藏在树里面。在古老的故事里，松鼠往往

　　ally described as a good animal: it saved something for the future.

　　被描述成一种好动物：它能贮存东西，以备未来之需。

第四十六课：重点复习

　　重点·难点·考点及疑点注释

　　1fly away飞走

　　The plane made some circles and then flew away.

　　飞机转了几个圈，然后飞走了。

　　2throughout(the winter)整个冬天

　　People will not see all the animals throughout the winter.

　　整个冬天人们是不会看到所有动物的。

　　辨析：all over一般只指空间; all through一般只指时间; throughout时间，空间均可。

　　3go to sleep入睡

　　Finally the children went to sleep.最后孩子们睡着了。

　　辨析：go to bed意思是“上床去睡觉”“就寝”，瞬间性动作词组；go to sleep意思是“睡着”，“去睡觉了”，瞬间性词组；fall asleep

　　意思是“睡着了”“酣睡了”，瞬间性词组；be asleep“睡着”，延续性词组。

　　4a good many很多

　　There are a good many books in the reading room.

　　阅览室里有大量的书籍。

　　辨析：many a或more than one也表“很多；许多”；但many a修饰主语时，谓语要用单数形式。

　　5keep...out不让……进来

　　Qin Shihuang had the Great Wall built to keep the enemy out of his empire.

　　秦始皇修长城是为了不让敌人进入他的帝国。

　　6keep up支撑；(使)不低落

　　Sports can keep up your body temperature in winter.

　　在冬天体育活动可使你保持体温。

　　7主语+has no choice but+to do sth.……除了……别无选择

　　The enemy could do nothing but lay down their arms.敌人只能放下武器。

　　句型链接：can do nothing but+动词原形只能做……

　　8lie in在于

　　Hard work leads to success and failure often lies in laziness.

　　刻苦努力带来的是成功，而失败往往在于懒惰。

　　9reduce...to...减少

　　He reduced his speed to 40 kilometers an hour when he entered the city.

　　一进入城市他就把速度减到每小时四十公里。

　　短语链接：reduce...by减少了(程度)

　　10far below :远远低于，比……低得多

　　The production of their factory was far below the normal level last year.

　　去年他们工厂的产量远远低于正常水平。

　　11that is to say也就是说

　　They are not common friends, that is to say, they have special relation.

　　他们不是普通朋友，也就是说，他们有着特殊的关系。

　　12a thick covering of厚厚的一层

　　There is a thick covering of leaves in the forest, which are very easy to catch fire.

　　森林中有厚厚的一层树叶，它们是非常容易着火的。

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