语法知识:简单句中若干复习难点、要点 |
http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/01/18 16:31 英语辅导报 |
一、反意疑问句的各种附加问句。 附加疑问句是简单句中的学习难点: 1.陈述句部分有ought to,used to时,附加问句可用oughtn't或shouldn't和didn't或usedn't两种形式。如: You ought to know about it,oughtn't you/shouldn't you? You used to live in Paris,didn't /usedn'tyou? 2.陈述句部分有must表示推测时,其附加问句表示对现实情况推测用be,对过去推测用didn't(有过去时间状语),或didn't,haven't /hasn't均可(没过去时间状语)。如: They must be from Canada,aren't they? She must have stayed with Barbara last night,didn't she? You must have met her,didn't /haven't you? 3.陈述句主语为everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,nobody,no one时,附加问句代词一般用they,但也可用he。如: Everyone is here,aren't they /isn't he? 陈述句主语为everything,something,nothing时,附加问句代词用it。如: Nothing can stop us,can it? 4.陈述句为I think /suppose /expect /believe /guess /imagine+宾语从句时,附加问句主语与从句主语一致。如: I don't think you are right,are you? I don't believe you've met my wife,have you? I think you'll be angry with me,won't you? 若陈述句主语是第二、三人称,附加问句则与主句主语一致。如: They don't think I am right,do they? 5.陈述句为第二人称祈使句,附加问句常用will you,但也有用won't you表示提醒对方注意。如: Come here,will you? Fetch me a chair,won't you? -Alice,you feed the bird today,will you? -But I fed it yesterday. 6.陈述句为Let's...时,附加问句用shall we。如: Let's give him a hand,shall we? 二、简单句中的否定形式。 1完全否定:用no(与名词连用),not或never(与动词连用),none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neither等词,否定主语、宾语、谓语或状语等其它成分。如: He made no mistakes in the exercises. I am not a fool. Neither sentence is correct. 2.基本否定:用hardly,seldom,little,few等含否定意义的词,修饰动词或名词,否定谓语或主、宾语。如: The old woman can hardly read. There is little or no hope. 3.部分否定:用all /both /everyone / everybody /everything+not...或Not all /both /everyone /everybody /everything...的句式。如: Not all the ants go out for food. Not every person can be a talent(天才). 4.没有否定词的too...to...句式表示否定。如: It's too dangerous to cross. I went too late to see him. 5.双重否定句:一个句子出现两种否定形式,这种双重否定结构是一种强调手段。句子形式为否定之否定,但实际效果是加强肯定。如: I can't disobey her.我不得不服从她。 No one has nothing to offer to society.每个人都可向社会做出一点奉献。 6.句中虽有带否定前缀的词,但却不视为否定句,其反意疑问句的附加问句用否定形式。如: You are unwelcome,aren't you? The girl was much disappointed at failing to win the prize,wasn't she? 7.否定疑问句表示惊异、责难、赞叹、建议等。如: Didn't you have a good time at the ball?(惊异) Isn't it a lovely day?(赞叹) Won't you come in and have a cup of tea?(建议) Why are you so late?Didn't I tell you to come early?(责难) (文/安徽黄山檀良洲;英语通高三版2003学年第10期;版权归英语辅导报社所有,独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育,未经许可,不得以任何形式进行转载。) |
【英语学习论坛】【评论】【大 中 小】【打印】【关闭】 |