请看下面两道高考题：

　　1. Only in this way ___________ progress in your English. (MET84) (B)

　　A. you make

　　B. can you make

　　C. you be able to make

　　D. will you able to make

　　2. He is the only one of the students who ___________ a winner of scholarship for three years. (上海2002春招) (D)

　　A. is B. are

　　C. have been D. has been

　　再看本单元的一个句子：Only in that way will we be ready for the challenges and opportunities in life.只有那样我们才能保证自己对来自生活的挑战和机遇有充分的准备。

　　那么，考题1的答案为什么选B?考题2的答案为什么不选C?课文中的句子"Only in that way will we be ready ..."为什么不说成"Only in that way we will be ready..."?本文就此详细谈谈only的用法。

　　我们知道，only可作副词和形容词，意思是"仅；只"，其主要用法有如下几点：

　　1.在一般情况下，only通常放在它所修饰的成分之前。例如：

　　She saw only seven men.她看到的只有七个人。

　　We learned it only yesterday.我们昨天才知道这件事。

　　2. only修饰谓语时，通常放在动词之前。如果有be动词、助动词或情态动词，则放在这类词之后。例如：

　　He's only a worker.他只是个工人。

　　I've only read the book once.此书我只看过一次。

　　3. only修饰状语时，通常放在句子末尾。但有时为了加强状语的语气，也可将only及其后面的状语提前放在句首。这时，句子要用部分倒装语序，即将be动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。例如：

　　译：只是到了那时我们之间才有了更好的了解。

　　误：Only then we got to know each other better.

　　正：Only then did we get to know each other better.

　　正：We got to know each other better only then.

　　如果是复合句，只倒装主句部分，从句部分不倒装。例如：

　　Only after new China was founded was he able to go to school.只是在新中国成立后，他才能上学。

　　4. only doing sth.与only to do sth.都可作结果状语，区别是：only to do sth.表示主语难以预想的结果或结果出乎主语的意料之外；only doing sth.表示谓语动词的动作造成的结果。例如：

　　The sap passes right through their bodies, only getting a little thicker and sweeter.液汁径直流过它们的体内,结果变得更浓、更甜。

　　Smith hurried home, only to find the door locked.史密斯急忙赶回家,结果却发现门锁着。

　　I worked hard, only to fail at last.我勤苦工作,结果却是失败。

　　5. only修饰定语从句的先行词时,定语从句的引导词通常用that,而不用which；only修饰"one of／among＋复数名词"这一结构时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。例如：

　　He is the only one of the students who has read the book.他是那些学生中惟一看过这本书的人。(不用have)

　　Guilin is the only city that he has been to.桂林是他去过的惟一的城市。(不用which)

　　巩固性练习：

　　1. Only when those conditions are right, ___________ a communist society.

　　A. there will really be

　　B. we will really have

　　C. will there really be

　　D. really we'll have

　　2. Only after I read the text over again ___________ its main idea.

　　A. that I knew

　　B. did I know

　　C. I could know

　　D. I did know

　　3. That's the only thing ___________ we can do now.

　　A. whichB. what

　　C. all D. that

　　4. Only ___________ when the train will arrive.

　　A. do the father and the son know

　　B. the father and the son know

　　C. the father and the son knew

　　D. did the father or the son know

　　5.The thief stole into the house only ___________ by the people there.

　　A. to be caughtB. to catch

　　C. catchingD. caught

　　6.Tom lifted a rock only ___________ it ___________ his own feet.

　　A. to drop; onB. drop; to

　　C. dropping; downD. dropped; on

　　7.Only when ___________ the painting ___________ decide whether the painting is worth buying.

　　A. he sees; he can

　　B. does he see; can he

　　C. he sees; can he

　　D. sees he; he can

　　8.This is the only one of the books ___________ we need.

　　A. thatB. which C. what D. all

　　9. Mary is the only one among the ___________ writers who ___________ stories for children.

　　A. woman; writesB. women; writes C. women; writeD. woman; write

　　参考答案:1-5 CBDBA 6-9 ACAB

　　(文/广西全州刘石才方彦明；英语辅导报高中一年级版03～04学年第27期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)