英语中有时为了避免重复，使语言简练紧凑，在不损害句子结构或不引起误解的原则下，往往省去一个或多个句子成分或词语。现把高考中的省略句式归纳如下：

　　一、状语从句中句子成分的省略

　　在以when, while, if, as if, though (although), as, whether, once等连词引导的时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等状语从句中，常常省略相同的主语或作主语的代词it以及be动词,保留现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式等。如：

　　Generally speaking, ________according to directions, the drug has no side effect.

　　A. when takingB. when taken

　　C. when to takeD. when to be taken

　　Though________money, his parents managed to send him to university.

　　A. lackedB. lacking of

　　C. lackingD. lacked in

　　When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year.

　　A. completed B. completing

　　C. being completed D. to be completed

　　The research is so designed that once________nothing can be done to change it.

　　A. begins B. having begun

　　C. beginning D. begun

　　If________the same treatment again, he's sure to get well.

　　A. givingB. giveC. givenD. being given

　　While building a tunnel through the mountain, ________.

　　A. an underground lake was discovered

　　B. there was an underground lake discovered

　　C. a lake was discovered underground

　　D. the workers discovered an underground lake

　　二、动词不定式的省略

　　在同一句或联系紧密的对话里，常把不定式to后内容相同的部分省略，只保留to。如：

　　-You should have thanked her before you left.

　　-I meant________, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.

　　A. to do B. to

　　C. doing D. doing it

　　The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________.

　　A. not toB. not to do C. not do itD. do not to

　　-I'll be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?

　　-Not at all. ________.

　　A. I've no timeB. I'd rather not

　　C. I'd like it

　　D. I'd be happy to

　　三、虚拟条件句中连词if的省略

　　在虚拟条件句中，如含有had, were, should等时，if可省略，句子倒装。如：

　　What would have happened ________, as far as the river bank?

　　A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther

　　C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther

　　四、宾语从句的省略

　　在同一句或联系紧密的对话里，后一句常常省略内容相同的宾语从句或从句的一部分。如：

　　-Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?

　　-________.

　　A. I don't believe

　　B. I don't believe it

　　C. I believe not soD. I believe not

　　五、主、谓、宾等成分的省略

　　在英语情景会话中，答语常常省略不会引起歧义的主语、谓语或宾语部分，而只保留对方希望了解的内容。在复合句或并列句中，也有省略主、谓、宾的情况。如：

　　-What do you think made Mary so upset?

　　-________her new bicycle.

　　A. As she lost B. Lost

　　C. Losing D. Because of losing

　　One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and________.

　　A. the other is white

　　B. another white

　　C. the other white

　　D. another is white

　　-Would you like some wine?

　　-Yes, just ________.

　　A. littleB. very little

　　(文/高利平；英语辅导报高三版2003-2004学年第28期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)