请看下列近十年的高考题。

　　1. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ________great it is. (NMET 1995)

　　A. what B. how

　　C. however D. whatever

　　2. ________is known to everybody, the moon travel round the earth once every month. (NMET 2001)

　　A. It B. As

　　C. That D. What

　　3. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially________Father was away in France. (NMET 1994)

　　A. as B. that C. during D. if

　　4. Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but________didn't help.

　　(NMET 1993)

　　A. he B. which C. she D. it

　　5. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of________hadn't been cleaned

　　for at least a year. (MET 1990)

　　A. these B. those C. that D. which

　　6. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ________ came as a surprise. (MET 1991) A. it B. that C. which D. he

　　7. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ________ in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (NMET 1995)

　　A. whom B. where C. which D. while

　　8. My name is Robert, ________most of my friends call me Bob for short.(1997上海)

　　A. thenB. instead

　　C. howeverD. but

　　解析:

　　1. C。however连接副词,修饰形容词great并引导一个让步状语从句。

　　意思是:无论困难有多大,只要我们有坚强的意志就能克服。

　　2. B。此题考查关系代词as在非限制性定语从句中的用法。

　　3. A。as引导的是时间状语从句,相当于when的用法。

　　意思是:妈妈焦急因为小爱丽斯病了,尤其是当时她爸爸还在法国。

　　4. D。but连接两个并列的句子,所以but之后是一个单句,单从句子结构来看缺主语,那么只有it有这一用法。

　　5. D。此题考查关系代词,which引导非限制性定语从句并且充当介词of的宾语。

　　6. C。此题考查关系代词,which引导非限制性定语从句并且充当从句主语。

　　7. D。这是由两个单句组成的并列句。while是并列连词,意思是"而,却",前后两个分句有对比意味。in fact在句中是插入语。

　　8. D。but连词表达转折,若选however,其后应当有逗号。

　　在英语中逗号除了表示停顿外,它还是一些句型的标志(如非限制性定语从句),也可以帮助我们更好地分析单项选择题。

　　可以看出以上几道高考题,都是用逗号分割的,并且逗号前后都是句子,它们大致可分为三类:

　　1)逗号前面或者后面是非限制性定语从句。

　　这时,一般情况下,as引导的非限制性定语从句放句首或句尾(如前文考例2),which引导的非限制性定语从句放句尾(如前文考例5、6)。as和which一般情况下充当从句的主语、宾语或者表语,as的意思是:"正如......" which的意思是:"这件事......(这种情况......)"。当逗号前后的一个句子不是which或as引导的,那么它们应当是下面两种情况中的一个。

　　2)逗号前面或者后面是状语从句。

　　这时,一般情况下,都会有合适的连词引导状语从句,或者让我们填入相应的连词以便使句意连贯。(如前文考例1、3、7)

　　3)逗号前后是两个并列的单句。

　　这是最关键的一个,也是我们判断以上两种情况的依据。如果逗号前后是两个并列的单句,逗号后面必定有表示并列、承接或者转折的连词(如but, and, however, while等)(如前文考例4、8)。如果没有这些连词,那么逗号前后必定有一个句子是状语从句或者非限制性定语从句。

　　可以说:当逗号后面没有表示并列、承接或者转折的连词时,并且逗号前后有一个句子中缺少主语、宾语或者表语,或者是逗号前后有一个句子是由as或者which引导的,并且在句子中充当主语、宾语或者表语了,那么它应该是非限制性定语从句。

　　试着分析一下以下各题。

　　1. The weather turned out to be very good, ________was more than we could expect.

　　(NMET 1994)

　　A. what B. which C. that D. it

　　2. Carol said the work would be done by October, ________personally I doubt very much. (NMET 1999)

　　A. it B. that

　　C. when D. which

　　3. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________, of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET 2000)

　　A. who B. which C. this D. what

　　4. A:I am going to the post office.

　　B:________you're there, can you get me some stamps? (NMET 1999)

　　A. AsB. While

　　C. Because D. If

　　5. ________you've got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. (NMET 1999)

　　A. Now that B. After

　　C. Although D. As soon as

　　6. ________everybody knows about it, I don't want to talk any more. (1999上海)

　　A. For B. Even C. Since D. However

　　7. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ________they will save us money in the long run. (NMET 2000春招)

　　A. orB. since C. for D. but

　　8. All the members in this society should try to help the SARS patients, ________are suffering mental and physical pains.

　　A. all of which B. all of whom

　　C. all of whose D. all of them

　　9. They won the game, ________made their team leader proud of them.

　　A.that B.which C.it D.all this

　　10.________everyone knows, all that glitters is not gold.

　　A.As B.Which C.That D.What

　　KEY:BDBBA CDBBA

　　(文/李爱茹；英语通高三版2004年第2期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)