英语中有一些副词可用作评注性状语,用来修饰整个句子,表示说话人的态度和看问题的角度。

　　一、作评注性状语的三种副词

　　1.表示说话人的观点的副词。如:clearly, certainly, surely, fortunately, hopefully, naturally, obviously, possibly, strangely, surprisingly, undoubtedly等。这类副词常可与其形容词形式相互转换。如:

　　①Obviously, he's against our plan. ( = It's obvious that he's...) 很明显,他反对我们的计划。

　　②Fortunately, I was in time for the interview. ( = It's fortunate that I was...)幸运的是,我及时赶上了面试。

　　③Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine. ( = It's hopeful that tomorrow will...) 明天天气有望转好。

　　④Undoubtedly, I love you very much. ( = It's undoubted that I...) 毫无疑问,我非常爱你.

　　2.表示说话人说话的角度的副词。如:briefly, exactly, frankly, generally, honestly, roughly, seriously等。这类副词一般可译为"……地说"。如:

　　①Exactly, you got ninety-nine point five marks. 准确地说,你得了99.5分。

　　②Honestly, I don't like this book at all. 说老实话,我根本不喜欢这本书。

　　3.表示说话人看问题的角度的副词。如:economically, historically, physically, scientifically等。这类副词一般表示"从……角度来说/看"。

　　① Scientifically, the experiment was very important. 从科学的角度来说,这个实验很重要。

　　② Economically, inland cities are less advanced than those near the sea. 从经济的角度来看,内地城市不如沿海城市发达。

　　二、把握位置,注意评注性状语与方式状语的区别

　　一般说来,大部分作方式状语的副词在句子中可置于前、中、后三种位置,句子含义不因其位置的变化而受影响;但评注性状语多置于句首,如改变位置,则可能会变为方式状语。请比较:

　　1. ① I don't think he'll interview you personally. 我认为他不会亲自接见你。

　　② Personally I don't think he'll interview you. 我个人认为他不会接见你。

　　说明:两句仅一副词位置不同,但意义迥异。句①中的personally 修饰动词interview,表示动作发生的方式,句子相当于"I don't think he'll interview you himself."。句②中的Personally作评注性状语,表示说话人看问题的角度,句子相当于"I don't think he'll interview you, and that is my personal opinion."。

　　2. ① He speaks English clearly. 他说英语说得很清晰。

　　② Clearly, he speaks English. 很明显,他说英语。

　　说明:句①中的clearly表示动作发生的方式,为方式状语,相当于in a clear way;句②中Clearly用作评注性状语,表示说话人的评论,句子相当于"It's clear that he speaks English."。

　　(文/时永春； 英语辅导报高二版 03~04学年度第36期；版权归英语辅导报社所有，独家网络合作伙伴新浪教育，未经许可，不得以任何形式进行转载。)